Articles | Volume 25, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5623-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5623-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
28 Oct 2021
Research article |
| 28 Oct 2021
| 28 Oct 2021
Vegetation greening weakened the capacity of water supply to China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project
Jiehao Zhang
Department of Land Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,
430074, China
Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Yulong Zhang
Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of
Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37902, USA
Ge Sun
Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Southern
Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709,
USA
Conghe Song
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Matthew P. Dannenberg
Department of Geographical and Sustainability Sciences, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Jiangfeng Li
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Land Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,
430074, China
Ning Liu
Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Southern
Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709,
USA
Kerong Zhang
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074,
China
Quanfa Zhang
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074,
China
Lu Hao
Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education
(KLME)/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing
University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
Related authors
No articles found.
Rongyun Tang, Mingzhou Jin, Jiafu Mao, Daniel M. Ricciuto, Anping Chen, and Yulong Zhang
Geosci. Model Dev., 17, 1525–1542, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1525-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-17-1525-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon-rich boreal peatlands are at risk of burning. The reproducibility and predictability of rare peatland fire events are investigated by constructing a two-step error-correcting machine learning framework to tackle such complex systems. Fire occurrence and impacts are highly predictable with our approach. Factor-controlling simulations revealed that temperature, moisture, and freeze–thaw cycles control boreal peatland fires, indicating thermal impacts on causing peat fires.
Hongkai Gao, Markus Hrachowitz, Lan Wang-Erlandsson, Fabrizio Fenicia, Qiaojuan Xi, Jianyang Xia, Wei Shao, Ge Sun, and Hubert Savenije
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-332, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-332, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
The concept of root zone is widely used, but still lacks a precise definition. Moreover, its importance in Earth system science is not well elaborated. Here, we clarified its definition with several similar terms, to bridge the multi-disciplinary gap. We underscore the key role of root zone in Earth system, which links biosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere, and anthroposphere. To better represent root zone, we advocate a paradigm shift towards ecosystem-centered modelling.
Shanlei Sun, Zaoying Bi, Jingfeng Xiao, Yi Liu, Ge Sun, Weimin Ju, Chunwei Liu, Mengyuan Mu, Jinjian Li, Yang Zhou, Xiaoyuan Li, Yibo Liu, and Haishan Chen
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 4849–4876, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4849-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-4849-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Based on various existing datasets, we comprehensively considered spatiotemporal differences in land surfaces and CO2 effects on plant stomatal resistance to parameterize the Shuttleworth–Wallace model, and we generated a global 5 km ensemble mean monthly potential evapotranspiration (PET) dataset (including potential transpiration PT and soil evaporation PE) during 1982–2015. The new dataset may be used by academic communities and various agencies to conduct various studies.
Matthew P. Dannenberg, Mallory L. Barnes, William K. Smith, Miriam R. Johnston, Susan K. Meerdink, Xian Wang, Russell L. Scott, and Joel A. Biederman
Biogeosciences, 20, 383–404, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-383-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-383-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Earth's drylands provide ecosystem services to many people and will likely be strongly affected by climate change, but it is quite challenging to monitor the productivity and water use of dryland plants with satellites. We developed and tested an approach for estimating dryland vegetation activity using machine learning to combine information from multiple satellite sensors. Our approach excelled at estimating photosynthesis and water use largely due to the inclusion of satellite soil moisture.
Rafael Poyatos, Víctor Granda, Víctor Flo, Mark A. Adams, Balázs Adorján, David Aguadé, Marcos P. M. Aidar, Scott Allen, M. Susana Alvarado-Barrientos, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Luiza Maria Aparecido, M. Altaf Arain, Ismael Aranda, Heidi Asbjornsen, Robert Baxter, Eric Beamesderfer, Z. Carter Berry, Daniel Berveiller, Bethany Blakely, Johnny Boggs, Gil Bohrer, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Rosvel Bracho, Patricia Brito, Jason Brodeur, Fernando Casanoves, Jérôme Chave, Hui Chen, Cesar Cisneros, Kenneth Clark, Edoardo Cremonese, Hongzhong Dang, Jorge S. David, Teresa S. David, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Frederic C. Do, Michal Dohnal, Jean-Christophe Domec, Sebinasi Dzikiti, Colin Edgar, Rebekka Eichstaedt, Tarek S. El-Madany, Jan Elbers, Cleiton B. Eller, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Brent Ewers, Patrick Fonti, Alicia Forner, David I. Forrester, Helber C. Freitas, Marta Galvagno, Omar Garcia-Tejera, Chandra Prasad Ghimire, Teresa E. Gimeno, John Grace, André Granier, Anne Griebel, Yan Guangyu, Mark B. Gush, Paul J. Hanson, Niles J. Hasselquist, Ingo Heinrich, Virginia Hernandez-Santana, Valentine Herrmann, Teemu Hölttä, Friso Holwerda, James Irvine, Supat Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya, Paul G. Jarvis, Hubert Jochheim, Carlos A. Joly, Julia Kaplick, Hyun Seok Kim, Leif Klemedtsson, Heather Kropp, Fredrik Lagergren, Patrick Lane, Petra Lang, Andrei Lapenas, Víctor Lechuga, Minsu Lee, Christoph Leuschner, Jean-Marc Limousin, Juan Carlos Linares, Maj-Lena Linderson, Anders Lindroth, Pilar Llorens, Álvaro López-Bernal, Michael M. Loranty, Dietmar Lüttschwager, Cate Macinnis-Ng, Isabelle Maréchaux, Timothy A. Martin, Ashley Matheny, Nate McDowell, Sean McMahon, Patrick Meir, Ilona Mészáros, Mirco Migliavacca, Patrick Mitchell, Meelis Mölder, Leonardo Montagnani, Georgianne W. Moore, Ryogo Nakada, Furong Niu, Rachael H. Nolan, Richard Norby, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oberhuber, Nikolaus Obojes, A. Christopher Oishi, Rafael S. Oliveira, Ram Oren, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Teemu Paljakka, Oscar Perez-Priego, Pablo L. Peri, Richard L. Peters, Sebastian Pfautsch, William T. Pockman, Yakir Preisler, Katherine Rascher, George Robinson, Humberto Rocha, Alain Rocheteau, Alexander Röll, Bruno H. P. Rosado, Lucy Rowland, Alexey V. Rubtsov, Santiago Sabaté, Yann Salmon, Roberto L. Salomón, Elisenda Sánchez-Costa, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Bernhard Schuldt, Alexandr Shashkin, Clément Stahl, Marko Stojanović, Juan Carlos Suárez, Ge Sun, Justyna Szatniewska, Fyodor Tatarinov, Miroslav Tesař, Frank M. Thomas, Pantana Tor-ngern, Josef Urban, Fernando Valladares, Christiaan van der Tol, Ilja van Meerveld, Andrej Varlagin, Holm Voigt, Jeffrey Warren, Christiane Werner, Willy Werner, Gerhard Wieser, Lisa Wingate, Stan Wullschleger, Koong Yi, Roman Zweifel, Kathy Steppe, Maurizio Mencuccini, and Jordi Martínez-Vilalta
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2607–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Transpiration is a key component of global water balance, but it is poorly constrained from available observations. We present SAPFLUXNET, the first global database of tree-level transpiration from sap flow measurements, containing 202 datasets and covering a wide range of ecological conditions. SAPFLUXNET and its accompanying R software package
sapfluxnetrwill facilitate new data syntheses on the ecological factors driving water use and drought responses of trees and forests.
S. Y. Li and Q. F. Zhang
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-10055-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-10-10055-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
Related subject area
Subject: Ecohydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
Bias-blind and bias-aware assimilation of leaf area index into the Noah-MP land surface model over Europe
Technical note: Seamless extraction and analysis of river networks in R
Advancing stream classification and hydrologic modeling of ungaged basins for environmental flow management in coastal southern California
Unraveling phenological responses to extreme drought and implications for water and carbon budgets
Improving regional climate simulations based on a hybrid data assimilation and machine learning method
A comprehensive assessment of in situ and remote sensing soil moisture data assimilation in the APSIM model for improving agricultural forecasting across the US Midwest
Machine learning and Global Vegetation: Random Forests for Downscaling and Gapfilling
Does non-stationarity induced by multiyear drought invalidate the paired-catchment method?
Is the reputation of Eucalyptus plantations for using more water than Pinus plantations justified?
Attributing trend in naturalized streamflow to temporally explicit vegetation change and climate variation in the Yellow River basin of China
Impacts of different types of El Niño events on water quality over the Corn Belt, United States
Leveraging sap flow data in a catchment-scale hybrid model to improve soil moisture and transpiration estimates
Coupled modelling of hydrological processes and grassland production in two contrasting climates
Does maximization of net carbon profit enable the prediction of vegetation behaviour in savanna sites along a precipitation gradient?
Modelling the artificial forest (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) root–soil water interactions in the Loess Plateau, China
A deep learning hybrid predictive modeling (HPM) approach for estimating evapotranspiration and ecosystem respiration
Structural changes to forests during regeneration affect water flux partitioning, water ages and hydrological connectivity: Insights from tracer-aided ecohydrological modelling
How does water yield respond to mountain pine beetle infestation in a semiarid forest?
Daily soil temperature modeling improved by integrating observed snow cover and estimated soil moisture in the USA Great Plains
Plant hydraulic transport controls transpiration sensitivity to soil water stress
Drought onset and propagation into soil moisture and grassland vegetation responses during the 2012–2019 major drought in Southern California
Quantifying the effects of urban green space on water partitioning and ages using an isotope-based ecohydrological model
Low and contrasting impacts of vegetation CO2 fertilization on global terrestrial runoff over 1982–2010: accounting for aboveground and belowground vegetation–CO2 effects
Global ecosystem-scale plant hydraulic traits retrieved using model–data fusion
Quantifying the effects of land use and model scale on water partitioning and water ages using tracer-aided ecohydrological models
Quantification of ecohydrological sensitivities and their influencing factors at the seasonal scale
Canopy temperature and heat stress are increased by compound high air temperature and water stress and reduced by irrigation – a modeling analysis
Evaluating a landscape-scale daily water balance model to support spatially continuous representation of flow intermittency throughout stream networks
Testing water fluxes and storage from two hydrology configurations within the ORCHIDEE land surface model across US semi-arid sites
Novel Keeling-plot-based methods to estimate the isotopic composition of ambient water vapor
Disentangling temporal and population variability in plant root water uptake from stable isotopic analysis: when rooting depth matters in labeling studies
Calibration of hydrological models for ecologically relevant streamflow predictions: a trade-off between fitting well to data and estimating consistent parameter sets?
Spatial variability of mean daily estimates of actual evaporation from remotely sensed imagery and surface reference data
Quantification of soil water balance components based on continuous soil moisture measurement and the Richards equation in an irrigated agricultural field of a desert oasis
Mapping the suitability of groundwater-dependent vegetation in a semi-arid Mediterranean area
Modeling boreal forest evapotranspiration and water balance at stand and catchment scales: a spatial approach
The 18O ecohydrology of a grassland ecosystem – predictions and observations
A comprehensive sensitivity and uncertainty analysis for discharge and nitrate-nitrogen loads involving multiple discrete model inputs under future changing conditions
Dynamic responses of DOC and DIC transport to different flow regimes in a subtropical small mountainous river
Evaluation of ORCHIDEE-MICT-simulated soil moisture over China and impacts of different atmospheric forcing data
Testing an optimality-based model of rooting zone water storage capacity in temperate forests
A regional-scale ecological risk framework for environmental flow evaluations
Climate-driven disturbances in the San Juan River sub-basin of the Colorado River
Dominant effect of increasing forest biomass on evapotranspiration: interpretations of movement in Budyko space
Modeling the potential impacts of climate change on the water table level of selected forested wetlands in the southeastern United States
Calibration of a parsimonious distributed ecohydrological daily model in a data-scarce basin by exclusively using the spatio-temporal variation of NDVI
Importance of considering riparian vegetation requirements for the long-term efficiency of environmental flows in aquatic microhabitats
Waning habitats due to climate change: the effects of changes in streamflow and temperature at the rear edge of the distribution of a cold-water fish
Cosmic-ray neutron transport at a forest field site: the sensitivity to various environmental conditions with focus on biomass and canopy interception
Estimation of surface energy fluxes in the Arctic tundra using the remote sensing thermal-based Two-Source Energy Balance model
Samuel Scherrer, Gabriëlle De Lannoy, Zdenko Heyvaert, Michel Bechtold, Clement Albergel, Tarek S. El-Madany, and Wouter Dorigo
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4087–4114, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4087-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4087-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We explored different options for data assimilation (DA) of the remotely sensed leaf area index (LAI). We found strong biases between LAI predicted by Noah-MP and observations. LAI DA that does not take these biases into account can induce unphysical patterns in the resulting LAI and flux estimates and leads to large changes in the climatology of root zone soil moisture. We tested two bias-correction approaches and explored alternative solutions to treating bias in LAI DA.
Luca Carraro
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3733–3742, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3733-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3733-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mathematical models are key to the study of environmental processes in rivers. Such models often require information on river morphology from geographic information system (GIS) software, which hinders the use of replicable workflows. Here I present rivnet, an R package for simple, robust, GIS-free extraction and analysis of river networks. The package is designed so as to require minimal user input and is oriented towards ecohydrological, ecological and biogeochemical modeling.
Stephen K. Adams, Brian P. Bledsoe, and Eric D. Stein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3021–3039, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3021-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3021-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Managing streams for environmental flows involves prioritizing healthy stream ecosystems while distributing water resources. Classifying streams of similar types is a useful step in developing environmental flows. Environmental flows are often developed on data-poor streams that must be modeled. This paper has developed a new method of classification that prioritizes model accuracy. The new method advances environmental streamflow management and modeling of data-poor watersheds.
Nicholas K. Corak, Jason A. Otkin, Trent W. Ford, and Lauren E. L. Lowman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-146, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-146, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
We use a land surface hydrology model with a predictive growth state model to analyze changes in how vegetation and the atmosphere interact during extreme drought events known as flash droughts. We find that plants nearly halt water and carbon exchanges and limit their growth during flash drought. This work has implications for how to account for changes in vegetation state during extreme drought events when making predictions under future climate scenarios.
Xinlei He, Yanping Li, Shaomin Liu, Tongren Xu, Fei Chen, Zhenhua Li, Zhe Zhang, Rui Liu, Lisheng Song, Ziwei Xu, Zhixing Peng, and Chen Zheng
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1583–1606, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1583-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1583-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study highlights the role of integrating vegetation and multi-source soil moisture observations in regional climate models via a hybrid data assimilation and machine learning method. In particular, we show that this approach can improve land surface fluxes, near-surface atmospheric conditions, and land–atmosphere interactions by implementing detailed land characterization information in basins with complex underlying surfaces.
Marissa Kivi, Noemi Vergopolan, and Hamze Dokoohaki
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1173–1199, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1173-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1173-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
This study attempts to provide a framework for direct integration of soil moisture observations collected from soil sensors and satellite imagery into process-based crop models for improving the representation of agricultural systems. The performance of this framework was evaluated across 19 sites times years for crop yield, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil moisture, tile flow drainage, and nitrate leaching.
Barry van Jaarsveld, Sandra Hauswirth, and Niko Wanders
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-430, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2022-430, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
Drought often manifests itself in vegetation, yet, obtaining high-resolution remote sensing products which are spatially and temporally consistent is difficult. In this study, we show that machine learning can fill data gaps in existing products. We also demonstrate that machine learning can be used as a downscaling tool. By relying on machine learning for gap filling and downscaling, we produce 8-daily global maps of vegetation indices at the 0.1⁰ and 0.01⁰ spatial resolution.
Yunfan Zhang, Lei Cheng, Lu Zhang, Shujing Qin, Liu Liu, Pan Liu, and Yanghe Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6379–6397, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6379-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6379-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Multiyear drought has been demonstrated to cause non-stationary rainfall–runoff relationship. But whether changes can invalidate the most fundamental method (i.e., paired-catchment method (PCM)) for separating vegetation change impacts is still unknown. Using paired-catchment data with 10-year drought, PCM is shown to still be reliable even in catchments with non-stationarity. A new framework is further proposed to separate impacts of two non-stationary drivers, using paired-catchment data.
Don A. White, Shiqi Ren, Daniel S. Mendham, Francisco Balocchi-Contreras, Richard P. Silberstein, Dean Meason, Andrés Iroumé, and Pablo Ramirez de Arellano
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5357–5371, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5357-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5357-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Of all the planting options for wood production and carbon storage, Eucalyptus species provoke the greatest concern about their effect on water resources. We compared Eucalyptus and Pinus species (the two most widely planted genera) by fitting a simple model to the published estimates of their annual water use. There was no significant difference between the two genera. This has important implications for the global debate around Eucalyptus and is an option for carbon forests.
Zhihui Wang, Qiuhong Tang, Daoxi Wang, Peiqing Xiao, Runliang Xia, Pengcheng Sun, and Feng Feng
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5291–5314, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5291-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5291-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Variable infiltration capacity simulation considering dynamic vegetation types and structural parameters is able to better capture the effect of temporally explicit vegetation change and climate variation in hydrological regimes. Vegetation greening including interannual LAI and intra-annual LAI temporal pattern change induced by large-scale ecological restoration and non-vegetation underlying surface change played dominant roles in the natural streamflow reduction of the Yellow River basin.
Pan Chen, Wenhong Li, and Keqi He
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4875–4892, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4875-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The study assessed changes in total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads in response to eastern Pacific (EP) and central Pacific (CP) El Niño events over the Corn Belt, USA, using the SWAT model. Results showed that EP (CP) El Niño events improved (exacerbated) water quality in the region. Furthermore, EP El Niño had a much broader and longer impact on water quality at the outlets, but CP El Niño could lead to similar increases in TN/TP loads as EP El Niño at the specific watersheds.
Ralf Loritz, Maoya Bassiouni, Anke Hildebrandt, Sibylle K. Hassler, and Erwin Zehe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4757–4771, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4757-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4757-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we combine a deep-learning approach that predicts sap flow with a hydrological model to improve soil moisture and transpiration estimates at the catchment scale. Our results highlight that hybrid-model approaches, combining machine learning with physically based models, are a promising way to improve our ability to make hydrological predictions.
Nicholas Jarvis, Jannis Groh, Elisabet Lewan, Katharina H. E. Meurer, Walter Durka, Cornelia Baessler, Thomas Pütz, Elvin Rufullayev, and Harry Vereecken
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2277–2299, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2277-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2277-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We apply an eco-hydrological model to data on soil water balance and grassland growth obtained at two sites with contrasting climates. Our results show that the grassland in the drier climate had adapted by developing deeper roots, which maintained water supply to the plants in the face of severe drought. Our study emphasizes the importance of considering such plastic responses of plant traits to environmental stress in the modelling of soil water balance and plant growth under climate change.
Remko C. Nijzink, Jason Beringer, Lindsay B. Hutley, and Stanislaus J. Schymanski
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 525–550, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-525-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-525-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Most models that simulate water and carbon exchanges with the atmosphere rely on information about vegetation, but optimality models predict vegetation properties based on general principles. Here, we use the Vegetation Optimality Model (VOM) to predict vegetation behaviour at five savanna sites. The VOM overpredicted vegetation cover and carbon uptake during the wet seasons but also performed similarly to conventional models, showing that vegetation optimality is a promising approach.
Hongyu Li, Yi Luo, Lin Sun, Xiangdong Li, Changkun Ma, Xiaolei Wang, Ting Jiang, and Haoyang Zhu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 17–34, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-17-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-17-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Drying soil layers (DSLs) have been extensively reported in artificial forestland in the Loess Plateau, China, which has limited water resources and deep loess. To address this issue relating to plant root–soil water interactions, this study developed a root growth model that simulates both the dynamic rooting depth and fine-root distribution. Evaluation vs. field data proved a positive performance. Long-term simulation reproduced the evolution process of the DSLs and revealed their mechanisms.
Jiancong Chen, Baptiste Dafflon, Anh Phuong Tran, Nicola Falco, and Susan S. Hubbard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6041–6066, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6041-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6041-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The novel hybrid predictive modeling (HPM) approach uses a long short-term memory recurrent neural network to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) with only meteorological and remote-sensing inputs. We developed four use cases to demonstrate the applicability of HPM. The results indicate HPM is capable of providing ET and Reco estimations in challenging mountainous systems and enhances our understanding of watershed dynamics at sparsely monitored watersheds.
Aaron J. Neill, Christian Birkel, Marco P. Maneta, Doerthe Tetzlaff, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4861–4886, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4861-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4861-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Structural changes (cover and height of vegetation plus tree canopy characteristics) to forests during regeneration on degraded land affect how water is partitioned between streamflow, groundwater recharge and evapotranspiration. Partitioning most strongly deviates from baseline conditions during earlier stages of regeneration with dense forest, while recovery may be possible as the forest matures and opens out. This has consequences for informing sustainable landscape restoration strategies.
Jianning Ren, Jennifer C. Adam, Jeffrey A. Hicke, Erin J. Hanan, Christina L. Tague, Mingliang Liu, Crystal A. Kolden, and John T. Abatzoglou
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4681–4699, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4681-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4681-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Mountain pine beetle outbreaks have caused widespread tree mortality. While some research shows that water yield increases after trees are killed, many others document no change or a decrease. The climatic and environmental mechanisms driving hydrologic response to tree mortality are not well understood. We demonstrated that the direction of hydrologic response is a function of multiple factors, so previous studies do not necessarily conflict with each other; they represent different conditions.
Haidong Zhao, Gretchen F. Sassenrath, Mary Beth Kirkham, Nenghan Wan, and Xiaomao Lin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4357–4372, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4357-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4357-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study was done to develop an improved soil temperature model for the USA Great Plains by using common weather station variables as inputs. After incorporating knowledge of estimated soil moisture and observed daily snow depth, the improved model showed a near 50 % gain in performance compared to the original model. We conclude that our improved model can better estimate soil temperature at the surface soil layer where most hydrological and biological processes occur.
Brandon P. Sloan, Sally E. Thompson, and Xue Feng
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4259–4274, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4259-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4259-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Plants affect the global water and carbon cycles by modifying their water use and carbon intake in response to soil moisture. Global climate models represent this response with either simple empirical models or complex physical models. We reveal that the latter improves predictions in plants with large flow resistance; however, adding dependence on atmospheric moisture demand to the former matches performance of the latter, leading to a new tool for improving carbon and water cycle predictions.
Maria Magdalena Warter, Michael Bliss Singer, Mark O. Cuthbert, Dar Roberts, Kelly K. Caylor, Romy Sabathier, and John Stella
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3713–3729, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3713-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3713-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Intensified drying of soil and grassland vegetation is raising the impact of fire severity and extent in Southern California. While browned grassland is a common sight during the dry season, this study has shown that there is a pronounced shift in the timing of senescence, due to changing climate conditions favoring milder winter temperatures and increased precipitation variability. Vegetation may be limited in its ability to adapt to these shifts, as drought periods become more frequent.
Mikael Gillefalk, Dörthe Tetzlaff, Reinhard Hinkelmann, Lena-Marie Kuhlemann, Aaron Smith, Fred Meier, Marco P. Maneta, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3635–3652, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3635-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3635-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used a tracer-aided ecohydrological model to quantify water flux–storage–age interactions for three urban vegetation types: trees, shrub and grass. The model results showed that evapotranspiration increased in the order shrub < grass < trees during one growing season. Additionally, we could show how
infiltration hotspotscreated by runoff from sealed onto vegetated surfaces can enhance both evapotranspiration and groundwater recharge.
Yuting Yang, Tim R. McVicar, Dawen Yang, Yongqiang Zhang, Shilong Piao, Shushi Peng, and Hylke E. Beck
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3411–3427, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3411-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3411-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study developed an analytical ecohydrological model that considers three aspects of vegetation response to eCO2 (i.e., stomatal response, LAI response, and rooting depth response) to detect the impact of eCO2 on continental runoff over the past 3 decades globally. Our findings suggest a minor role of eCO2 on the global runoff changes, yet highlight the negative runoff–eCO2 response in semiarid and arid regions which may further threaten the limited water resource there.
Yanlan Liu, Nataniel M. Holtzman, and Alexandra G. Konings
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2399–2417, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2399-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2399-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The flow of water through plants varies with species-specific traits. To determine how they vary across the world, we mapped the traits that best allowed a model to match microwave satellite data. We also defined average values across a few clusters of trait behavior. These form a tractable solution for use in large-scale models. Transpiration estimates using these clusters were more accurate than if using plant functional types. We expect our maps to improve transpiration forecasts.
Aaron Smith, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Lukas Kleine, Marco Maneta, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2239–2259, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2239-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2239-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used a tracer-aided ecohydrological model on a mixed land use catchment in northeastern Germany to quantify water flux–storage–age interactions at four model grid resolutions. The model's ability to reproduce spatio-temporal flux–storage–age interactions decreases with increasing model grid sizes. Similarly, larger model grids showed vegetation-influenced changes in blue and green water partitioning. Simulations reveal the value of measured soil and stream isotopes for model calibration.
Yiping Hou, Mingfang Zhang, Xiaohua Wei, Shirong Liu, Qiang Li, Tijiu Cai, Wenfei Liu, Runqi Zhao, and Xiangzhuo Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1447–1466, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1447-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1447-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Ecohydrological sensitivity, defined as the response intensity of streamflow to vegetation change, indicates the hydrological sensitivity to vegetation change. The study revealed seasonal ecohydrological sensitivities were highly variable, depending on climate condition and watershed attributes. Dry season ecohydrological sensitivity was mostly determined by topography, soil and vegetation, while wet season ecohydrological sensitivity was mainly controlled by soil, landscape and vegetation.
Xiangyu Luan and Giulia Vico
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1411–1423, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1411-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1411-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Crop yield is reduced by heat and water stress, particularly when they co-occur. We quantify the joint effects of (unpredictable) air temperature and soil water availability on crop heat stress via a mechanistic model. Larger but more infrequent precipitation increased crop canopy temperatures. Keeping crops well watered via irrigation could reduce canopy temperature but not enough to always exclude heat damage. Thus, irrigation is only a partial solution to adapt to warmer and drier climates.
Songyan Yu, Hong Xuan Do, Albert I. J. M. van Dijk, Nick R. Bond, Peirong Lin, and Mark J. Kennard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5279–5295, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5279-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5279-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
There is a growing interest globally in the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of intermittently flowing streams and rivers. We developed an approach to quantify catchment-wide flow intermittency over long time frames. Modelled patterns of flow intermittency in eastern Australia revealed highly dynamic behaviour in space and time. The developed approach is transferable to other parts of the world and can inform hydro-ecological understanding and management of intermittent streams.
Natasha MacBean, Russell L. Scott, Joel A. Biederman, Catherine Ottlé, Nicolas Vuichard, Agnès Ducharne, Thomas Kolb, Sabina Dore, Marcy Litvak, and David J. P. Moore
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5203–5230, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5203-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5203-2020, 2020
Yusen Yuan, Taisheng Du, Honglang Wang, and Lixin Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4491–4501, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4491-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4491-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The isotopic composition of ambient water vapor is an important source of atmospheric water vapor and has not been able to be estimated to date using the Keeling plot approach. Here we proposed two new methods to estimate the isotopic composition of ambient water vapor: one using the intersection point method and another relying on the intermediate value theorem.
Valentin Couvreur, Youri Rothfuss, Félicien Meunier, Thierry Bariac, Philippe Biron, Jean-Louis Durand, Patricia Richard, and Mathieu Javaux
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3057–3075, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3057-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3057-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Isotopic labeling of soil water is a broadly used tool for tracing the origin of water extracted by plants and computing root water uptake (RWU) profiles with multisource mixing models. In this study, we show how a method such as this may misconstrue time series of xylem water isotopic composition as the temporal dynamics of RWU by simulating data collected during a tall fescue rhizotron experiment with an isotope-enabled physical soil–root model accounting for variability in root traits.
Thibault Hallouin, Michael Bruen, and Fiachra E. O'Loughlin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1031–1054, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1031-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1031-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
A hydrological model was used to compare different parameterisation strategies in view of predicting ecologically relevant streamflow indices in 33 Irish catchments. Compared for 14 different periods, a strategy fitting simulated and observed streamflow indices yielded better performance than fitting simulated and observed streamflow, but it also yielded a less consistent ensemble of parameter sets, suggesting that these indices may not be hydrologically relevant for model parameterisation.
Robert N. Armstrong, John W. Pomeroy, and Lawrence W. Martz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4891–4907, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4891-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4891-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Digital and thermal images taken near midday were used to scale daily point observations of key factors driving actual-evaporation estimates across a complex Canadian Prairie landscape. Point estimates of actual evaporation agreed well with observed values via eddy covariance. Impacts of spatial variations on areal estimates were minor, and no covariance was found between model parameters driving the energy term. The methods can be applied further to improve land surface parameterisations.
Zhongkai Li, Hu Liu, Wenzhi Zhao, Qiyue Yang, Rong Yang, and Jintao Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4685–4706, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4685-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4685-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A database of soil moisture measurements from the middle Heihe River basin of China was used to test the potential of a soil moisture database in estimating the soil water balance components (SWBCs). We determined SWBCs using a method that combined the soil water balance method and the inverse Richards equation. This work confirmed that relatively reasonable estimations of the SWBCs in coarse-textured sandy soils can be derived using soil moisture measurements.
Inês Gomes Marques, João Nascimento, Rita M. Cardoso, Filipe Miguéns, Maria Teresa Condesso de Melo, Pedro M. M. Soares, Célia M. Gouveia, and Cathy Kurz Besson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3525–3552, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3525-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3525-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Mediterranean cork woodlands are very particular agroforestry systems present in a confined area of the Mediterranean Basin. They are of great importance due to their high socioeconomic value; however, a decrease in water availability has put this system in danger. In this paper we build a model that explains this system's tree-species distribution in southern Portugal from environmental variables. This could help predict their future distribution under changing climatic conditions.
Samuli Launiainen, Mingfu Guan, Aura Salmivaara, and Antti-Jussi Kieloaho
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3457–3480, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3457-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3457-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Boreal forest evapotranspiration and water cycle is modeled at stand and catchment scale using physiological and physical principles, open GIS data and daily weather data. The approach can predict daily evapotranspiration well across Nordic coniferous-dominated stands and successfully reproduces daily streamflow and annual evapotranspiration across boreal headwater catchments in Finland. The model is modular and simple and designed for practical applications over large areas using open data.
Regina T. Hirl, Hans Schnyder, Ulrike Ostler, Rudi Schäufele, Inga Schleip, Sylvia H. Vetter, Karl Auerswald, Juan C. Baca Cabrera, Lisa Wingate, Margaret M. Barbour, and Jérôme Ogée
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2581–2600, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2581-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2581-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We evaluated the system-scale understanding of the propagation of the oxygen isotope signal (δ18O) of rain through soil and xylem to leaf water in a temperate drought-prone grassland. Biweekly δ18O observations of the water pools made during seven growing seasons were accurately reproduced by the 18O-enabled process-based model MuSICA. While water uptake occurred from shallow soil depths throughout dry and wet periods, leaf water 18O enrichment responded to both soil and atmospheric moisture.
Christoph Schürz, Brigitta Hollosi, Christoph Matulla, Alexander Pressl, Thomas Ertl, Karsten Schulz, and Bano Mehdi
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1211–1244, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1211-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1211-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
For two Austrian catchments we simulated discharge and nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) considering future changes of climate, land use, and point source emissions together with the impact of different setups and parametrizations of the implemented eco-hydrological model. In a comprehensive analysis we identified the dominant sources of uncertainty for the simulation of discharge and NO3-N and further examined how specific properties of the model inputs control the future simulation results.
Yu-Ting Shih, Pei-Hao Chen, Li-Chin Lee, Chien-Sen Liao, Shih-Hao Jien, Fuh-Kwo Shiah, Tsung-Yu Lee, Thomas Hein, Franz Zehetner, Chung-Te Chang, and Jr-Chuan Huang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6579–6590, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6579-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6579-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
DOC and DIC export in Taiwan shows that the annual DOC and DIC fluxes were 2.7–4.8 and 48.4–54.3 ton C km2 yr1, respectively, which were approximately 2 and 20 times higher than the global means of 1.4 and 2.6 ton C km2 yr1, respectively.
Zun Yin, Catherine Ottlé, Philippe Ciais, Matthieu Guimberteau, Xuhui Wang, Dan Zhu, Fabienne Maignan, Shushi Peng, Shilong Piao, Jan Polcher, Feng Zhou, Hyungjun Kim, and other China-Trend-Stream project members
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5463–5484, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5463-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5463-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Simulations in China were performed in ORCHIDEE driven by different forcing datasets: GSWP3, PGF, CRU-NCEP, and WFDEI. Simulated soil moisture was compared to several datasets to evaluate the ability of ORCHIDEE in reproducing soil moisture dynamics. Results showed that ORCHIDEE soil moisture coincided well with other datasets in wet areas and in non-irrigated areas. It suggested that the ORCHIDEE-MICT was suitable for further hydrological studies in China.
Matthias J. R. Speich, Heike Lischke, and Massimiliano Zappa
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4097–4124, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4097-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4097-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
To simulate the water balance of, e.g., a forest plot, it is important to estimate the maximum volume of water available to plants. This depends on soil properties and the average depth of roots. Rooting depth has proven challenging to estimate. Here, we applied a model assuming that plants dimension their roots to optimize their carbon budget. We compared its results with values obtained by calibrating a dynamic water balance model. In most cases, there is good agreement between both methods.
Gordon C. O'Brien, Chris Dickens, Eleanor Hines, Victor Wepener, Retha Stassen, Leo Quayle, Kelly Fouchy, James MacKenzie, P. Mark Graham, and Wayne G. Landis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 957–975, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-957-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-957-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In global water resource allocation, robust tools are required to establish environmental flows. In addition, tools should characterize past, present and future consequences of altered flows and non-flow variables to social and ecological management objectives. PROBFLO is a risk assessment method designed to meet best practice principles for regional-scale holistic E-flow assessments. The approach has been developed in Africa and applied across the continent.
Katrina E. Bennett, Theodore J. Bohn, Kurt Solander, Nathan G. McDowell, Chonggang Xu, Enrique Vivoni, and Richard S. Middleton
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 709–725, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-709-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-709-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We applied the Variable Infiltration Capacity hydrologic model to examine scenarios of change under climate and landscape disturbances in the San Juan River basin, a major sub-watershed of the Colorado River basin. Climate change coupled with landscape disturbance leads to reduced streamflow in the San Juan River basin. Disturbances are expected to be widespread in this region. Therefore, accounting for these changes within the context of climate change is imperative for water resource planning.
Fernando Jaramillo, Neil Cory, Berit Arheimer, Hjalmar Laudon, Ype van der Velde, Thomas B. Hasper, Claudia Teutschbein, and Johan Uddling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 567–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Which is the dominant effect on evapotranspiration in northern forests, an increase by recent forests expansion or a decrease by the water use response due to increasing CO2 concentrations? We determined the dominant effect during the period 1961–2012 in 65 Swedish basins. We used the Budyko framework to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space. Our findings suggest that forest expansion is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes.
Jie Zhu, Ge Sun, Wenhong Li, Yu Zhang, Guofang Miao, Asko Noormets, Steve G. McNulty, John S. King, Mukesh Kumar, and Xuan Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6289–6305, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6289-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6289-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Forested wetlands provide myriad ecosystem services threatened by climate change. This study develops empirical hydrologic models by synthesizing hydrometeorological data across the southeastern US. We used global climate projections to model hydrological changes for five wetlands. We found all wetlands are predicted to become drier by the end of this century. This study suggests that climate change may substantially affect wetland biogeochemical cycles and other functions in the future.
Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Julian Koch, Salvatore Manfreda, Kelly Caylor, and Félix Francés
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6235–6251, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6235-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6235-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Plants are shaping the landscape and controlling the hydrological cycle, particularly in arid and semi-arid ecosystems. Remote sensing data appears as an appealing source of information for vegetation monitoring, in particular in areas with a limited amount of available field data. Here, we present an example of how remote sensing data can be exploited in a data-scarce basin. We propose a mathematical methodology that can be used as a springboard for future applications.
Rui Rivaes, Isabel Boavida, José M. Santos, António N. Pinheiro, and Teresa Ferreira
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5763–5780, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5763-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5763-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the influence of considering riparian requirements for the long-term efficiency of environmental flows. After a decade, environmental flows disregarding riparian requirements promoted riparian degradation and consequently the change in the hydraulic characteristics of the river channel and the modification of the available habitat area for fish species. Environmental flows regarding riparian vegetation requirements were able to sustain the fish habitat close to the natural condition.
José María Santiago, Rafael Muñoz-Mas, Joaquín Solana-Gutiérrez, Diego García de Jalón, Carlos Alonso, Francisco Martínez-Capel, Javier Pórtoles, Robert Monjo, and Jaime Ribalaygua
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4073–4101, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4073-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4073-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
High-time-resolution models for streamflow and stream temperature are used in this study to predict future brown trout habitat loss. Flow reductions falling down to 51 % of current values and water temperature increases growing up to 4 ºC are predicted. Streamflow and temperature will act synergistically affecting fish. We found that the thermal response of rivers is influenced by basin geology and, consequently, geology will be also an influent factor in the cold-water fish distribution shift.
Mie Andreasen, Karsten H. Jensen, Darin Desilets, Marek Zreda, Heye R. Bogena, and Majken C. Looms
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1875–1894, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1875-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1875-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The cosmic-ray method holds a potential for quantifying canopy interception and biomass. We use measurements and modeling of thermal and epithermal neutron intensity in a forest to examine this potential. Canopy interception is a variable important to forest hydrology, yet difficult to monitor remotely. Forest growth impacts the carbon-cycle and can be used to mitigate climate changes by carbon sequestration in biomass. An efficient method to monitor tree growth is therefore of high relevance.
Jordi Cristóbal, Anupma Prakash, Martha C. Anderson, William P. Kustas, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, and Douglas L. Kane
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1339–1358, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1339-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1339-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Quantifying trends in surface energy fluxes is crucial for forecasting ecological responses in Arctic regions.
An extensive evaluation using a thermal-based remote sensing model and ground measurements was performed in Alaska's Arctic tundra for 5 years. Results showed an accurate temporal trend of surface energy fluxes in concert with vegetation dynamics. This work builds toward a regional implementation over Arctic ecosystems to assess response of surface energy fluxes to climate change.
Cited articles
Abatzoglou, J. T., Dobrowski, S. Z., Parks, S. A., and Hegewisch, K. C.:
TerraClimate, a high-resolution global dataset of monthly climate and
climatic water balance from 1958–2015, Scientific Data, 5, 170191,
https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.191, 2018.
Anderson, R. M., Koren, V. I., and Reed, S. M.: Using SSURGO data to improve
Sacramento Model a priori parameter estimates, J. Hydrol., 320,
103–116, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.020, 2006.
Bai, M., Shen, B., Song, X., Mo, S., Huang, L., and Quan, Q.: Multi-Temporal Variabilities of Evapotranspiration Rates and Their Associations with Climate Change and Vegetation Greening in the Gan River Basin, China, Water, 11, 2568, https://doi.org/10.3390/w11122568, 2019.
Bai, P., Liu, X., Zhang, Y., and Liu, C.: Assessing the impacts of vegetation
greenness change on evapotranspiration and water yield in China, Water
Resour. Res., 56, e2020WR027965 https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR027019, 2020.
Baker, T. J. and Miller, S. N.: Using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool
(SWAT) to assess land use impact on water resources in an East African
watershed, J. Hydrol., 486, 100–111,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.01.041, 2013.
Barnett, J., Rogers, S., Webber, M., Finlayson, B., and Wang, M.:
Sustainability: Transfer project cannot meet China's water needs, Nature,
527, 295–297, https://doi.org/10.1038/527295a, 2015.
Bosch, J. M. and Hewlett, J. D.: A review of catchment experiments to
determine the effect of vegetation changes on water yield and
evapotranspiration, J. Hydrol., 55, 3–23,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(82)90117-2, 1982.
Burnash, R.: The NWS river forecast system-catchment modeling, Computer models of watershed hydrology, 311–366, 1995.
Burnash, R., Ferral, L., and McGuire, R.: A generalized streamflow simulation
system: Conceptual modeling for digital computers, US Department of
Commerce, National Weather Service, Sacramento, California, US, 1973.
Caldwell, P. V., Sun, G., McNulty, S. G., Cohen, E. C., and Moore Myers, J. A.: Impacts of impervious cover, water withdrawals, and climate change on river flows in the conterminous US, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2839–2857, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2839-2012, 2012.
Cao, S., Sun, G., Zhang, Z., Chen, L., Feng, Q., Fu, B., McNulty, S.,
Shankman, D., Tang, J., Wang, Y., and Wei, X.: Greening China naturally,
Ambio, 40, 828–831, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-011-0150-8, 2011.
Cao, S., Zhang, J., Chen, L., and Zhao, T.: Ecosystem water imbalances
created during ecological restoration by afforestation in China, and lessons
for other developing countries, J. Environ. Manage., 183,
843–849, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.096, 2016.
Chen, C., Park, T., Wang, X., Piao, S., Xu, B., Chaturvedi, R. K., Fuchs,
R., Brovkin, V., Ciais, P., Fensholt, R., Tømmervik, H., Bala, G., Zhu,
Z., Nemani, R. R., and Myneni, R. B.: China and India lead in greening of the
world through land-use management, Nature Sustainability, 2, 122–129,
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0220-7, 2019.
Chen, H., Guo, S., Xu, C., and Singh, V. P.: Historical temporal trends of
hydro-climatic variables and runoff response to climate variability and
their relevance in water resource management in the Hanjiang basin, J. Hydrol., 344, 171–184,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.06.034, 2007.
China Meteorological Administration: Yearbook of Meteorological
Disasters in China (2019), Meteorological Press, Beijing, ISBN 978-7-5029-7187-8, 2020.
Cook, B. I., Smerdon, J. E., Seager, R., and Coats, S.: Global warming and
21st century drying, Clim. Dynam., 43, 2607–2627,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2075-y, 2014.
Cook, B. I., Mankin, J. S., Marvel, K., Williams, A. P., Smerdon, J. E., and
Anchukaitis, K. J.: Twenty-First Century Drought Projections in the CMIP6
Forcing Scenarios, Earth's Future, 8, e2019EF001461,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2019EF001461, 2020.
Department of Water Sources of Hubei Province, China: Water resources information retrieval system, Department of Water Sources of Hubei Province, China [data set], available at: http://113.57.190.228:8001/web/Report/BigMSKReport, last access: 31 August 2021.
Ellison, D., Futter, M. N., and Bishop, K., On the forest
cover–water yield debate: from demand- to supply-side thinking. Glob. Change Biol., 18, 806–820, https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1365-2486.2011.02589.X, 2012.
Ellison, D., Morris, C. E., Locatelli, B., Sheil, D., Cohen, J., Murdiyarso,
D., Gutierrez, V., Noordwijk, M. van, Creed, I. F., Pokorny, J., Gaveau, D.,
Spracklen, D. v., Tobella, A. B., Ilstedt, U., Teuling, A. J., Gebrehiwot,
S. G., Sands, D. C., Muys, B., Verbist, B., Springgay, E., Sugandi, Y., and
Sullivan, C. A.: Trees, forests and water: Cool insights for a hot world, Global Environ. Chang., 43, 51–61, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GLOENVCHA.2017.01.002, 2017.
Emanuel, R. E., Buckley, J. J., Caldwell, P. V., McNulty, S. G., and Sun, G.:
Influence of basin characteristics on the effectiveness and downstream reach
of interbasin water transfers: Displacing a problem, Environ. Res. Lett., 10, 124005, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/12/124005,
2015.
Farley, K. A., Jobbágy, E. G., and Jackson, R. B.: Effects of
afforestation on water yield: A global synthesis with implications for
policy, Global Change Biol., 11, 1565–1576,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2005.01011.x, 2005.
Feng, X., Fu, B., Piao, S., Wang, S., Ciais, P., Zeng, Z., Lü, Y., Zeng,
Y., Li, Y., Jiang, X., and Wu, B.: Revegetation in China's Loess Plateau is
approaching sustainable water resource limits, Nat. Clim. Change, 6,
1019–1022, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3092, 2016.
Feng, X., Fu, B., Zhang, Y., Pan, N., Zeng, Z., Tian, H., Lyu, Y., Chen, Y.,
Ciais, P., Wang, Y., Zhang, L., Cheng, L., Maestre, F. T.,
Fernández-Martínez, M., Sardans, J., and Peñuelas, J.: Recent
leveling off of vegetation greenness and primary production reveals the
increasing soil water limitations on the greening Earth, 66, 1462–1471,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scib.2021.02.023, 2021.
Frank, D. C., Poulter, B., Saurer, M., Esper, J., Huntingford, C., Helle,
G., Treydte, K., Zimmermann, N. E., Schleser, G. H., Ahlström, A.,
Ciais, P., Friedlingstein, P., Levis, S., Lomas, M., Sitch, S., Viovy, N.,
Andreu-Hayles, L., Bednarz, Z., Berninger, F., Boettger, T., D`Alessandro,
C. M., Daux, V., Filot, M., Grabner, M., Gutierrez, E., Haupt, M.,
Hilasvuori, E., Jungner, H., Kalela-Brundin, M., Krapiec, M., Leuenberger,
M., Loader, N. J., Marah, H., Masson-Delmotte, V., Pazdur, A., Pawelczyk,
S., Pierre, M., Planells, O., Pukiene, R., Reynolds-Henne, C. E., Rinne, K.
T., Saracino, A., Sonninen, E., Stievenard, M., Switsur, V. R., Szczepanek,
M., Szychowska-Krapiec, E., Todaro, L., Waterhouse, J. S., and Weigl, M.:
Water-use efficiency and transpiration across European forests during the
Anthropocene, Nat. Clim. Change, 5, 579–583, https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2614, 2015.
Guo, H., Hu, Q., and Jiang, T.: Annual and seasonal streamflow responses to
climate and land-cover changes in the Poyang Lake basin, China, J. Hydrol., 355, 106–122,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.03.020, 2008.
Hamed, K. H.: Trend detection in hydrologic data: The Mann-Kendall trend
test under the scaling hypothesis, J. Hydrol., 349,
350–363, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.11.009, 2008.
Hu, A. Y. and Guo, H. J.: Discussion on ecological environment water demand
in the middle-lower reaches of Han River river, China Water Resources, 23, 14–16, 2006 (in Chinese).
Huang, J., Yu, H., Guan, X., Wang, G., and Guo, R.: Accelerated dryland
expansion under climate change, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 166–171,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2837, 2016.
Huete, A., Didan, K., Miura, T., Rodriguez, E. P., Gao, X., and Ferreira, L.
G.: Overview of the radiometric and biophysical performance of the MODIS
vegetation indices, Remote Sens. Environ., 83, 195–213,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0034-4257(02)00096-2, 2002.
Ingwersen, J. B.: Fog drip, water yield, and timber harvesting in the bull
run municipal watershed, Oregon, J. Am. Water Resour. As., 21, 469–473,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1985.tb00158.x, 1985.
Jackson, R. B., Carpenter, S. R., Dahm, C. N., McKnight, D. M., Naiman, R.
J., Postel, S. L., and Running, S. W.: Water in a changing world, Ecol.
Appl., 11, 1027–1045, https://doi.org/10.1890/1051-0761(2001)011[1027:WIACW]2.0.CO;2, 2001.
Jackson, R. B., Jobbágy, E. G., Avissar, R., Roy, S. B., Barrett, D. J.,
Cook, C. W., Farley, K. A., le Maitre, D. C., McCarl, B. A., and Murray, B.
C.: Atmospheric science: Trading water for carbon with biological carbon
sequestration, Science, 310, 1944–1947,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1119282, 2005.
Jin, R. and Guo, H.: Water resources assessment in the water source areas of
the Middle Route of the South to North Water Transfer Project and water
quantity analysis in the Danjiangkou Reservoir, Yangzte River, 24,
7–12, 1993 (in Chinese).
Jönsson, P. and Eklundh, L.: TIMESAT – A program for analyzing
time-series of satellite sensor data, Computers and Geosciences, 30,
833–845, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cageo.2004.05.006, 2004.
King, D. A., Turner, D. P., and Ritts, W. D.: Parameterization of a
diagnostic carbon cycle model for continental scale application, Remote Sens. Environ., 115,
1653–1664, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2011.02.024, 2011.
Krinner, G., Viovy, N., de Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Ogée, J., Polcher,
J., Friedlingstein, P., Ciais, P., Sitch, S., and Prentice, I. C.: A dynamic
global vegetation model for studies of the coupled atmosphere-biosphere
system, Global Biochem. Cy., 19, GB1015, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GB002199, 2005.
Landsberg, J. J. and Waring, R. H.: A generalised model of forest
productivity using simplified concepts of radiation-use efficiency, carbon
balance and partitioning, Forest Ecol. Manag., 95, 209–228,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(97)00026-1, 1997.
Lesk, C., Rowhani, P., and Ramankutty, N.: Influence of extreme weather
disasters on global crop production, Nature, 529, 84–87,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16467, 2016.
Li, S., Gu, S., Liu, W., Han, H., and Zhang, Q.: Water quality in relation to
land use and land cover in the upper Han River Basin, China, CATENA, 75,
216–222, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CATENA.2008.06.005, 2008.
Li, Y., Cui, Q., Li, C., Wang, X., Cai, Y., Cui, G., and Yang, Z.: An
improved multi-objective optimization model for supporting reservoir
operation of China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project, Sci. Total Environ., 575, 970–981,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.165, 2017.
Li, Y., Piao, S., Li, L. Z. X., Chen, A., Wang, X., Ciais, P., Huang, L.,
Lian, X., Peng, S., Zeng, Z., Wang, K., and Zhou, L.: Divergent hydrological
response to large-scale afforestation and vegetation greening in China,
Science Advances, 4, eaar4182, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aar4182,
2018.
Liu, B. J., Shao, D. G., Xu, M. X., and Yang, S. M.: Research of the water
resources utilization relationship between the middle route of South-to
North Water Transfer Project and the middle and lower Basin of Hanjiang
River, South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science and Technology, 1, 6–9, 2003 (in
Chinese).
Liu, C. and Zheng, H.: South-to-north water transfer schemes for China,
Int. J. Water Resour. D., 18, 453–471,
https://doi.org/10.1080/0790062022000006934, 2002.
Liu, M., Tian, H., Chen, G., Ren, W., Zhang, C., and Liu, J.: Effects of
Land-Use and Land-Cover Change on Evapotranspiration and Water Yield in
China During 1900–2000, JAWRA, J. Am. Water Resour. As., 44, 1193–1207,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00243.x, 2008.
Liu, N., Sun, P., Caldwell, P. v., Harper, R., Liu, S., and Sun, G.:
Trade-off between watershed water yield and ecosystem productivity along
elevation gradients on a complex terrain in southwestern China, J. Hydrol., 590, 125449, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125449, 2020.
Liu, X., Liu, C., Luo, Y., Zhang, M., and Xia, J.: Dramatic decrease in
streamflow from the headwater source in the central route of China's water
diversion project: Climatic variation or human influence?, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 117, D06113,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JD016879, 2012.
Liu, X., Luo, Y., Yang, T., Liang, K., Zhang, M., and Liu, C.: Investigation
of the probability of concurrent drought events between the water source and
destination regions of China's water diversion project, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 42, 8424–8431, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065904, 2015.
Makarieva, A. M. and Gorshkov, V. G.: Biotic pump of atmospheric moisture as driver of the hydrological cycle on land, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1013–1033, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1013-2007, 2007.
McCuen, R. H., Knight, Z., and Cutter, A. G.: Evaluation of the
Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency Index, J. Hydrol. Eng., 11,
597–602, https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1084-0699(2006)11:6(597), 2006.
Monteith, J. L.: Evaporation and environment, Symposia of the society for experimental biology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 19, 205–234, 1965.
Pastorello, G., Trotta, C., Canfora, E. et al.: The
FLUXNET2015 dataset and the ONEFlux processing pipeline for eddy covariance
data, Scientific data, 7, 225, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-0534-3,
2020.
Penman, H. L.: Natural
evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass, P. R. Soc. A, 193, 120–145,
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.1948.0037, 1948.
Piégay, H., Walling, D. E., Landon, N., He, Q., Liébault, F., and
Petiot, R.: Contemporary changes in sediment yield in an alpine mountain
basin due to afforestation (the upper Drôme in France), Catena, 55,
183–212, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0341-8162(03)00118-8, 2004.
Qi, W., Li, H., Zhang, Q., and Zhang, K.: Forest restoration efforts drive
changes in land-use/land-cover and water-related ecosystem services in
China's Han River basin, Ecol. Eng., 126, 64–73,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.11.001, 2019.
Raes, D., Steduto, P., Hsiao, T. C., and Fereres, E.: Aquacrop-The FAO crop
model to simulate yield response to water: II. main algorithms and software
description, Agron. J., 101, 438–447, https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2008.0140s, 2009.
Raich, J. W., Rastetter, E. B., Melillo, J. M., Kicklighter, D. W.,
Steudler, P. A., Peterson, B. J., Grace, A. L., Moore, B., and Vorosmarty,
C. J.: Potential Net Primary Productivity in South America: Application of a
Global Model, Ecol. Appl., 1, 399–429, https://doi.org/10.2307/1941899, 1991.
Running, S. W., Thornton, P. E., Nemani, R., and Glassy, J. M.: Global
Terrestrial Gross and Net Primary Productivity from the Earth Observing
System, in: Methods in Ecosystem Science, Springer New York, 44–57,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1224-9_4, 2000.
Sasaki, T., Okayasu, T., Jamsran, U., and Takeuchi, K.: Threshold changes in
vegetation along a grazing gradient in Mongolian rangelands, J. Ecol., 96, 145–154,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01315.x, 2008.
She, D., Xia, J., Shao, Q., Taylor, J. A., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., and Gu, H.: Advanced investigation on the change in the streamflow into the
water source of the middle route of China's water diversion project, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 122, 6950–6961,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD025702, 2017.
Shin, H., Park, M., Lee, J., Lim, H., and Kim, S. J.: Evaluation of the
effects of climate change on forest watershed hydroecology using the RHESSys
model: Seolmacheon catchment, Paddy Water Environ., 17, 581–595,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10333-018-00683-1, 2019.
Shumilova, O., Tockner, K., Thieme, M., Koska, A., and Zarfl, C.: Global
Water Transfer Megaprojects: A Potential Solution for the Water-Food-Energy
Nexus?, Frontiers in Environmental Science, 6(DEC), 150,
https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2018.00150, 2018.
Sims, D. A., Rahman, A. F., Cordova, V. D., Baldocchi, D. D., Flanagan, L.
B., Goldstein, A. H., Hollinger, D. Y., Misson, L., Monson, R. K., Schmid,
H. P., Wofsy, S. C., and Xu, L.: Midday values of gross CO2 flux and light
use efficiency during satellite overpasses can be used to directly estimate
eight-day mean flux, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 131, 1–12,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.04.006, 2005.
Stone, R.: Hydroengineering: Going Against the Flow, Science, 313, 1034–1037, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.313.5790.1034, 2006.
Sulla-Menashe, D., Gray, J. M., Abercrombie, S. P., and Friedl, M. A.:
Hierarchical mapping of annual global land cover 2001 to present: The MODIS
Collection 6 Land Cover product, Remote Sens. Environ., 222,
183–194, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2018.12.013, 2019.
Sun, G., Caldwell, P., Noormets, A., McNulty, S. G., Cohen, E., Moore Myers,
J., Domec, J.-C., Treasure, E., Mu, Q., Xiao, J., John, R., and Chen, J.:
Upscaling key ecosystem functions across the conterminous United States by a
water-centric ecosystem model, J. Geophys. Res., 116, G00J05,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2010JG001573, 2011.
Tague, C. L. and Band, L. E.: RHESSys: Regional Hydro-Ecologic Simulation
System – An Object-Oriented Approach to Spatially Distributed Modeling of
Carbon, Water, and Nutrient Cycling, 8, 19, 1–42,
https://doi.org/10.1175/1087-3562(2004)8<1:RRHSSO>2.0.CO;2, 2004.
Tang, L.-L., Cai, X.-B., Gong, W.-S., Lu, J.-Z., Chen, X.-L., Lei, Q., and
Yu, G.-L.: Increased Vegetation Greenness Aggravates Water Conflicts during
Lasting and Intensifying Drought in the Poyang Lake Watershed, China,
Forests, 9, 24, https://doi.org/10.3390/f9010024, 2018.
Teuling, A. J., van Loon, A. F., Seneviratne, S. I., Lehner, I., Aubinet,
M., Heinesch, B., Bernhofer, C., Grünwald, T., Prasse, H., and Spank, U.:
Evapotranspiration amplifies European summer drought, Geophys. Res.
Lett., 40, 2071–2075, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50495, 2013.
Tian, L., Jin, J., Wu, P., and Niu, G. Y.: Quantifying the impact of climate
change and human activities on streamflow in a Semi-Arid Watershed with the
Budyko Equation incorporating dynamic vegetation information, Water, 10, 1781, https://doi.org/10.3390/w10121781, 2018.
Trenberth, K. E., Smith, L., Qian, T., Dai, A., and Fasullo, J.: Estimates of
the global water budget and its annual cycle using observational and model
Data, J. Hydrometeorol., 8, 758–769,
https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM600.1, 2007.
Tuinenburg, O. A., Theeuwen, J. J. E., and Staal, A.: High-resolution global atmospheric moisture connections from evaporation to precipitation, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 12, 3177–3188, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-12-3177-2020, 2020.
van Loon, A. F.: Hydrological drought explained, Wiley Interdisciplinary
Reviews: Water, 2, 359–392, https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1085, 2015.
van Loon, A. F., Gleeson, T., Clark, J., van Dijk, A. I. J. M., Stahl, K.,
Hannaford, J., di Baldassarre, G., Teuling, A. J., Tallaksen, L. M.,
Uijlenhoet, R., Hannah, D. M., Sheffield, J., Svoboda, M., Verbeiren, B.,
Wagener, T., Rangecroft, S., Wanders, N., and van Lanen, H. A. J.: Drought in
the Anthropocene, Nat. Geosci., 9, 89–91,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2646, 2016.
Wang, K. and Dickinson, R. E.: A review of global terrestrial
evapotranspiration: Observation, modeling, climatology, and climatic
variability, Rev. Geophys., 50, RG2005,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2011RG000373, 2012.
Wang, S., Zhang, Y., Ju, W., Chen, J. M., Ciais, P., Cescatti, A., Sardans,
J., Janssens, I. A., Wu, M., Berry, J. A., Campbell, E.,
Fernández-Martínez, M., Alkama, R., Sitch, S., Friedlingstein, P.,
Smith, W. K., Yuan, W., He, W., Lombardozzi, D., Kautz, M., Zhu, D.,
Lienert, S., Kato, E., Poulter, B., Sanders, T. G. M., Krüger, I., Wang,
R., Zeng, N., Tian, H., Vuichard, N., Jain, A. K., Wiltshire, A., Haverd,
V., Goll, D. S., and Peñuelas, J.: Recent global decline of CO2
fertilization effects on vegetation photosynthesis, Science, 370, 1295–1300,
https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.ABB7772, 2020.
Wang, Y. and Yang, Y.: South-North Water Transfer Project of China, Yangtze
River, 7, 2–5, 2005 (in Chinese).
Wang, Y., Liu, Y., and Jin, J.: Contrast Effects of Vegetation Cover Change
on Evapotranspiration during a Revegetation Period in the Poyang Lake Basin,
China, Forests, 9, 217, https://doi.org/10.3390/f9040217, 2018.
Wei, X., Sun, G., Liu, S., Jiang, H., Zhou, G., and Dai, L.: The
Forest-Streamflow Relationship in China: A 40-Year Retrospect 1, JAWRA
J. Am. Water Resour. As., 44, 1076–1085,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2008.00237.x, 2008.
Williams, A. P., Cook, E. R., Smerdon, J. E., Cook, B. I., Abatzoglou, J.
T., Bolles, K., Baek, S. H., Badger, A. M., and Livneh, B.: Large
contribution from anthropogenic warming to an emerging North American
megadrought, Science, 368, 314–318,
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz9600, 2020.
Xi, Y., Peng, S., Ciais, P., Guimberteau, M., Li, Y., Piao, S., Wang, X.,
Polcher, J., Yu, J., Zhang, X., Zhou, F., Bo, Y., Ottle, C., and Yin, Z.:
Contributions of Climate Change, CO2, Land-Use Change, and Human Activities
to Changes in River Flow across 10 Chinese Basins, J.
Hydrometeorol., 19, 1899–1914, https://doi.org/10.1175/JHM-D-18-0005.1, 2018.
Xu, Y. and Chang, F. X.: Preliminary study on requirement rate of ecological
water demand in middle and lower reaches of Hanjiang River, Yangtze River
Scientific Research Institute, 26, 1–4, 2009 (in Chinese).
Xu, Y., Lin, S., Huang, Y., Zhang, Q., and Ran, Q.: Drought analysis using
multi-scale standardized precipitation index in the Han River Basin, China,
Journal of Zhejiang University: Science A, 12, 483–494,
https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.A1000450, 2011.
Yang, Y., Zhou, N., Guo, X., and Hu, Q.: The hydrology characteristics
analysis of HanJiang up-streams, Hydrology, 2, 54–56, 1997.
Yang, Z., Chen, S., Liu, X., Xiong, D., Xu, C., Arthur, M. A., McCulley, R.
L., Shi, S., and Yang, Y.: Loss of soil organic carbon following natural
forest conversion to Chinese fir plantation, Forest Ecol. Manag., 449, 117476,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.FORECO.2019.117476, 2019.
Yuan, W., Zheng, Y., Piao, S., Ciais, P., Lombardozzi, D., Wang, Y., Ryu,
Y., Chen, G., Dong, W., Hu, Z., Jain, A. K., Jiang, C., Kato, E., Li, S.,
Lienert, S., Liu, S., Nabel, J. E. M. S., Qin, Z., Quine, T., Sitch, S.,
Smith, W. K., Wang, F., Wu, C., Xiao, Z., and Yang, S.: Increased atmospheric
vapor pressure deficit reduces global vegetation growth, Science Advances,
5, eaax1396, https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax1396, 2019.
Zargar, A., Sadiq, R., Naser, B., and Khan, F. I. : A review of drought indices. Environmental Reviews, 19, 333–349, https://doi.org/10.1139/a11-013, 2011.
Zhang, C., Duan, Q., Yeh, P. J. F., Pan, Y., Gong, H., Gong, W., Di, Z.,
Lei, X., Liao, W., Huang, Z., Zheng, L., and Guo, X.: The Effectiveness of
the South-to-North Water Diversion Middle Route Project on Water Delivery
and Groundwater Recovery in North China Plain, Water Resour. Res.,
56, e2019WR026759, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026759, 2020.
Zhang, D., Zhang, Q., Qiu, J., Bai, P., Liang, K., and Li, X.:
Intensification of hydrological drought due to human activity in the middle
reaches of the Yangtze River, China, Sci. Total Environ.,
637–638, 1432–1442, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.05.121, 2018.
Zhang, J., Zhang, Y., Sun, G., Song, C., Dannenberg, M. P., Li, J., Liu, N., Zhang, K., and Zhang, Q.: Vegetation Greening Significantly Reduced the Capacity of Water Supply to China’s South-North Water Diversion Project, available at: https://osf.io/f5bgk/ last access: 31 August 2021.
Zhang, Q.: The South-to-North Water Transfer Project of China: Environmental
Implications and Monitoring Strategy, JAWRA J. Am. Water
Resour. As., 45, 1238–1247,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.2009.00357.x, 2009.
Zhang, Q., Ficklin, D. L., Manzoni, S., Wang, L., Way, D., Phillips, R. P.,
and Novick, K. A.: Response of ecosystem intrinsic water use efficiency and
gross primary productivity to rising vapor pressure deficit, Environ. Res. Lett., 14, 7, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab2603, 2019.
Zhang, Y., Song, C., and Zhang, K.: Effects of land-use/land-cover and
climate changes on terrestrial net primary productivity in the Yangtze River
Basin, China from 2001 to 2010, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 119, 1092–1109,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JG002616, 2014.
Zhang, Y., Song, C., Sun, G., Band, L. E., McNulty, S., Noormets, A., Zhang,
Q., and Zhang, Z.: Development of a coupled carbon and water model for
estimating global gross primary productivity and evapotranspiration based on
eddy flux and remote sensing data, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 223, 116–131,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.04.003, 2016.
Zhang, Y., Song, C., Band, L. E., Sun, G., and Li, J., Reanalysis of global terrestrial vegetation trends from MODIS products: Browning or greening?, Remote Sens. Environ., 191, 145–155, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.12.018, 2017.
Zhang, Y., Song, C., Band, L. E., and Sun, G.: No Proportional Increase of
Terrestrial Gross Carbon Sequestration from the Greening Earth, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 124,
2540–2553, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jg004917, 2019.
Zhou, S., Yu, B., Huang, Y., and Wang, G.: The effect of vapor pressure
deficit on water use efficiency at the subdaily time scale, Geophys.
Res. Lett., 41, 5005–5013, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL060741,
2014.
Zhu, Z., Piao, S., Myneni, R. B., Huang, M., Zeng, Z., Canadell, J. G.,
Ciais, P., Sitch, S., Friedlingstein, P., Arneth, A., Cao, C., Cheng, L.,
Kato, E., Koven, C., Li, Y., Lian, X., Liu, Y., Liu, R., Mao, J., Pan, Y.,
Peng, S., Peñuelas, J., Poulter, B., Pugh, T. A. M., Stocker, B. D.,
Viovy, N., Wang, X., Wang, Y., Xiao, Z., Yang, H., Zaehle, S., and Zeng, N.:
Greening of the Earth and its drivers, Nat. Clim. Change, 6, 791–795,
https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate3004, 2016.
Short summary
To quantify how vegetation greening impacts the capacity of water supply, we built a hybrid model and conducted a case study using the upper Han River basin (UHRB) that serves as the water source area to the world’s largest water diversion project. Vegetation greening in the UHRB during 2001–2018 induced annual water yield (WY) greatly decreased. Vegetation greening also increased the possibility of drought and reduced a quarter of WY on average during drought periods.
To quantify how vegetation greening impacts the capacity of water supply, we built a hybrid...
