Articles | Volume 25, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5623-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5623-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
28 Oct 2021
Research article |
| 28 Oct 2021
| 28 Oct 2021
Vegetation greening weakened the capacity of water supply to China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project
Jiehao Zhang
Department of Land Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,
430074, China
Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Yulong Zhang
Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment, University of
Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37902, USA
Ge Sun
Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Southern
Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709,
USA
Conghe Song
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Geography, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,
Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
Matthew P. Dannenberg
Department of Geographical and Sustainability Sciences, University of
Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
Jiangfeng Li
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Land Management, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan,
430074, China
Ning Liu
Eastern Forest Environmental Threat Assessment Center, Southern
Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709,
USA
Kerong Zhang
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074,
China
Quanfa Zhang
Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074,
China
Lu Hao
Key laboratory of Meteorological Disaster, Ministry of Education
(KLME)/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, Nanjing
University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
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Cited
24 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Divergent Changes in Surface Water Area after the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China T. Guo et al. 10.3390/rs16020378
- Trade-offs and driving factors of multiple ecosystem services and bundles under spatiotemporal changes in the Danjiangkou Basin, China J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109550
- Causes for the increases in both evapotranspiration and water yield over vegetated mainland China during the last two decades S. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109118
- Greater Sustainability in the Future of Hanjiang River Under Climate Change: The Case of Nitrogen Y. Zhang et al. 10.3390/su17041523
- Eco-hydrological recovery following large vegetation disturbances from a mega earthquake on the eastern Tibetan plateau J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132595
- Analysis of Net Primary Productivity Variation and Quantitative Assessment of Driving Forces—A Case Study of the Yangtze River Basin C. Liu et al. 10.3390/plants12193412
- Spatiotemporal Variations and Driving Factors of Water Availability in the Arid and Semiarid Regions of Northern China X. Han et al. 10.3390/rs16224318
- Evaluating the performance of five global gridded potential evapotranspiration products in hydrological simulation: Application in the upper Han River Basin M. Li et al. 10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.102114
- Analysis of Water Yield Changes from 1981 to 2018 Using an Improved Mann-Kendall Test H. Gao & J. Jin 10.3390/rs14092009
- Temporal hydrological drought analysis in Lake Iznik using in-situ measurements and space-based data M. Erkoc 10.13168/AGG.2025.0001
- Community forestry dominates the recent land greening amid climate change in Nepal S. Gao et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acf8de
- Understanding the roles of climate change, land use and land cover change and water diversion project in modulating water- and carbon-use efficiency in Han River Basin F. Yue et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123445
- Attribution Assessment and Prediction of Runoff Change in the Han River Basin, China M. Wei et al. 10.3390/ijerph19042393
- Does non-stationarity induced by multiyear drought invalidate the paired-catchment method? Y. Zhang et al. 10.5194/hess-26-6379-2022
- Climate change rather than vegetation greening dominates runoff change in China Z. Song et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129519
- Grassland Greening and Water Resource Availability May Coexist in a Warming Climate in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau C. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2023EF004037
- Vegetation greening promotes the conversion of blue water to green water by enhancing transpiration Z. Song et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133181
- Divergent Hydrological Responses to Forest Expansion in Dry and Wet Basins of China: Implications for Future Afforestation Planning B. Xue et al. 10.1029/2021WR031856
- Climate Warming Dominates Vegetation Productivity in the Hanjiang River Basin, China Y. Bao et al. 10.3390/land12101891
- Response of blue-green water to climate and vegetation changes in the water source region of China's South-North water Diversion Project X. Li et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131061
- Urban–rural interface dominates the effects of urbanization on watershed energy and water balances in Southern China K. Jin et al. 10.1007/s10980-023-01648-4
- Spatiotemporal Analysis of Soil Moisture Variation in the Jiangsu Water Supply Area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Using ESA CCI Data Y. Wang et al. 10.3390/rs14020256
- Urbanization altered atmospheric humidity diurnally and seasonally through ecohydrological processes in five urban agglomerations in China X. Huang et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac849a
- Vegetation greening weakened the capacity of water supply to China's South-to-North Water Diversion Project J. Zhang et al. 10.5194/hess-25-5623-2021
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- The Divergent Changes in Surface Water Area after the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China T. Guo et al. 10.3390/rs16020378
- Trade-offs and driving factors of multiple ecosystem services and bundles under spatiotemporal changes in the Danjiangkou Basin, China J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.ecolind.2022.109550
- Causes for the increases in both evapotranspiration and water yield over vegetated mainland China during the last two decades S. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109118
- Greater Sustainability in the Future of Hanjiang River Under Climate Change: The Case of Nitrogen Y. Zhang et al. 10.3390/su17041523
- Eco-hydrological recovery following large vegetation disturbances from a mega earthquake on the eastern Tibetan plateau J. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132595
- Analysis of Net Primary Productivity Variation and Quantitative Assessment of Driving Forces—A Case Study of the Yangtze River Basin C. Liu et al. 10.3390/plants12193412
- Spatiotemporal Variations and Driving Factors of Water Availability in the Arid and Semiarid Regions of Northern China X. Han et al. 10.3390/rs16224318
- Evaluating the performance of five global gridded potential evapotranspiration products in hydrological simulation: Application in the upper Han River Basin M. Li et al. 10.1016/j.ejrh.2024.102114
- Analysis of Water Yield Changes from 1981 to 2018 Using an Improved Mann-Kendall Test H. Gao & J. Jin 10.3390/rs14092009
- Temporal hydrological drought analysis in Lake Iznik using in-situ measurements and space-based data M. Erkoc 10.13168/AGG.2025.0001
- Community forestry dominates the recent land greening amid climate change in Nepal S. Gao et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/acf8de
- Understanding the roles of climate change, land use and land cover change and water diversion project in modulating water- and carbon-use efficiency in Han River Basin F. Yue et al. 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123445
- Attribution Assessment and Prediction of Runoff Change in the Han River Basin, China M. Wei et al. 10.3390/ijerph19042393
- Does non-stationarity induced by multiyear drought invalidate the paired-catchment method? Y. Zhang et al. 10.5194/hess-26-6379-2022
- Climate change rather than vegetation greening dominates runoff change in China Z. Song et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129519
- Grassland Greening and Water Resource Availability May Coexist in a Warming Climate in Northern China and the Tibetan Plateau C. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2023EF004037
- Vegetation greening promotes the conversion of blue water to green water by enhancing transpiration Z. Song et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133181
- Divergent Hydrological Responses to Forest Expansion in Dry and Wet Basins of China: Implications for Future Afforestation Planning B. Xue et al. 10.1029/2021WR031856
- Climate Warming Dominates Vegetation Productivity in the Hanjiang River Basin, China Y. Bao et al. 10.3390/land12101891
- Response of blue-green water to climate and vegetation changes in the water source region of China's South-North water Diversion Project X. Li et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.131061
- Urban–rural interface dominates the effects of urbanization on watershed energy and water balances in Southern China K. Jin et al. 10.1007/s10980-023-01648-4
- Spatiotemporal Analysis of Soil Moisture Variation in the Jiangsu Water Supply Area of the South-to-North Water Diversion Using ESA CCI Data Y. Wang et al. 10.3390/rs14020256
- Urbanization altered atmospheric humidity diurnally and seasonally through ecohydrological processes in five urban agglomerations in China X. Huang et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ac849a
Latest update: 11 May 2025
Short summary
To quantify how vegetation greening impacts the capacity of water supply, we built a hybrid model and conducted a case study using the upper Han River basin (UHRB) that serves as the water source area to the world’s largest water diversion project. Vegetation greening in the UHRB during 2001–2018 induced annual water yield (WY) greatly decreased. Vegetation greening also increased the possibility of drought and reduced a quarter of WY on average during drought periods.
To quantify how vegetation greening impacts the capacity of water supply, we built a hybrid...
