Articles | Volume 25, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6261-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6261-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Identification of the contributing area to river discharge during low-flow periods
Unité propre de recherche Chrome France, Université de Nîmes, 30021 Nîmes CEDEX 1, France
Hydrosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France
Corinne Le Gal La Salle
Unité propre de recherche Chrome France, Université de Nîmes, 30021 Nîmes CEDEX 1, France
Pierre Alain Ayral
Hydrosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, IMT Mines Ales, IRD, CNRS, Ales, France
UMR 7 300 Espace CNRS, Université d'Avignon, Avignon, France
Somar Khaska
Unité propre de recherche Chrome France, Université de Nîmes, 30021 Nîmes CEDEX 1, France
Philippe Martin
UMR 7 300 Espace CNRS, Université d'Avignon, Avignon, France
Patrick Verdoux
Unité propre de recherche Chrome France, Université de Nîmes, 30021 Nîmes CEDEX 1, France
Cited articles
Ali, G. A., Roy, A. G., Turmel, M.-C., and Courchesne, F.: Source-to-stream
connectivity assessment through end-member mixing analysis, J. Hydrol., 392, 119–135, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2010.07.049, 2010. a, b, c
Appelo, C. and Postma, D.: Geochemistry, Groundwater and Pollution 2nd
Edition, Leidon, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781439833544, 2005. a, b, c, d
Arnaud, F., Boullier, A. M., and Burg, J. P.: Shear structures and
microstructures in micaschists: The Variscan Cévennes duplex (French
Massif Central), J. Struct. Geol., 26, 855–868,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2003.11.022, 2004. a
Aubé, D.: Etat des connaissances sur les effets du changement climatique
dans le domaine de l'eau, Agence de l'eau Rhône
Méditerranée, Corse, 1–36, 2017. a
Bard, A., Renard, B., Lang, M., Bard, A., and Lang, M.: Tendances
observées sur les régimes hydrologiques de l'arc Alpin, La
Houille Blanche, 1, 38–43, https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2012006, 2012. a
Barthold, F. K., Turner, B. L., Elsenbeer, H., and Zimmermann, A.: A
hydrochemical approach to quantify the role of return flow in a surface
flow-dominated catchment, Hydrol. Process., 31, 1018–1033,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11083, 2017. a
Bazemore, D. E., Eshleman, K. N., and Hollenbeck, K. J.: The role of soil
water in stormflow generation in a forested headwater catchment: synthesis of
natural tracer and hydrometric evidence, J. Hydrol., 3, 47–75,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(94)90004-3, 1994. a
Beven, K. and Binley, A.: The future of distributed
models: model calibration and uncertainty
Predictions, Hydrol. Process., 6, 279–298,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360060305, 1992. a
Bloomfield, J. P., Allen, D. J., Griffiths, K. J., and Bloomfield, J. P.:
Examining geological controls on Baseflow Index (BFI) using regression
analysis: an illustration from the Thames Basin, UK, J. Hydrol.,
373, 164–176, 2009. a
Blumstock, M., Tetzlaff, D., Malcolm, I., Nuetzmann, G., and Soulsby, C.:
Baseflow dynamics: Multi-tracer surveys to assess variable groundwater
contributions to montane streams under low flows, J. Hydrol., 527,
1021–1033, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2015.05.019, 2015. a
Blumstock, M., Tetzlaff, D., Dick, J. J., Nuetzmann, G., and Soulsby, C.:
Spatial organization of groundwater dynamics and streamflow response from
different hydropedological units in a montane catchment, Hydrol. Process., 30, 3735–3753, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10848, 2016. a
Bresciani, E., Cranswick, R. H., Banks, E. W., Batlle-Aguilar, J., Cook, P. G., and Batelaan, O.: Using hydraulic head, chloride and electrical conductivity data to distinguish between mountain-front and mountain-block recharge to basin aquifers, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1629–1648, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1629-2018, 2018. a
Brown, V. A., McDonnell, J. J., Burns, D. A., and Kendall, C.: The role of
event water, a rapid shallow flow component, and catchment size in summer
stormflow, J. Hydrol., 217, 171–190,
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(98)00247-9, 1999. a
Burns, D. A., McDonnell, J. J., Hooper, R. P., Peters, N. E., Freer, J. E.,
Kendall, C., and Beven, K.: Quantifying contributions to storm runoff
through end-member mixing analysis and hydrologic measurements at the Panola
Mountain research watershed (Georgia, USA), Hydrol. Process., 15,
1903–1924, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.246, 2001. a, b
Buttle, J. M.: Isotope hydrograph separations and rapid delivery of pre-event
water from drainage basins, Prog. Phys. Geogr., 18, 16–41,
https://doi.org/10.1177/030913339401800102, 1994. a
Buytaert, W., Celleri, R., Willems, P., Bièvre, B. D., and Wyseure, G.:
Spatial and temporal rainfall variability in mountainous areas: A case study
from the south Ecuadorian Andes, J. Hydrol., 329, 413–421,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.02.031, 2006. a
Cartwright, I. and Morgenstern, U.: Constraining groundwater recharge and the
rate of geochemical processes using tritium and major ion geochemistry: Ovens
catchment, southeast Australia, J. Hydrol., 475, 137–149,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2012.09.037, 2012. a
Chae, G.-T., Yun, S.-T., Kwon, M.-J., Kim, Y.-S., and Mayer, B.: Batch
dissolution of granite and biotite in water: Implication for fluorine
geochemistry in groundwater, Geochem. J., 40, 95–102,
https://doi.org/10.2343/geochemj.40.95, 2006. a
Chiogna, G., Skrobanek, P., Narany, T. S., Ludwig, R., and Stumpp, C.: Effects
of the 2017 drought on isotopic and geochemical gradients in the Adige
catchment, Italy, Sci. Total Environ., 645, 924–936,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.07.176, 2018. a, b
Christophersen, N.: Multivariate Analysis of Stream Water Chemical Data : The
Use of Principal Components Analysis for the End-Member Mixing Problem
Multivariate Analysis of Stream Water Chemical Data ' The Use of Principal
Components Analysis for the End-Member Mixing Probl, Water Resour. Res., 28, 99–107, https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR02518, 1992. a, b, c
Christophersen, N. and Hooper, R. P.: Multivariate analysis of stream water
chemical data: The use of principal components analysis for the end-member
mixing problem, Water Resour. Res., 28, 99–107,
https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR02518, 1992. a
Christophersen, N., Neal, C., Hooper, R. P., Vogt, R. D., and Andersen, S.:
Modelling streamwater chemistry as a mixture of soilwater end-members – A
step towards second-generation acidification models, J. Hydrol.,
116, 307–320, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(90)90130-P, 1990. a
Clark, I. D. and Fritz, P.: Environmental Isotopes in Hydrogeology, CRC Press, New York, 328 pp.,
https://doi.org/10.1201/9781482242911, 1997. a, b, c
Cook, P. G., Lamontagne, S., Berhane, D., and Clark, J. F.: Quantifying
groundwater discharge to Cockburn River, southeastern Australia, using
dissolved gas tracers 222 Rn and SF 6, Water Resour. Manag., 42,
10411, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR004921, 2006. a
Correa, A., Windhorst, D., Tetzlaff, D., Crespo, P., Célleri, R., Feyen,
J., and Breuer, L.: Temporal dynamics in dominant runoff sources and flow
paths in the Andean Páramo, Water Resour. Res., 53, 5998–6017,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2016WR020187, 2017. a, b, c
Correa, A., Breuer, L., Crespo, P., Célleri, R., Feyen, J., Birkel, C.,
Silva, C., and Windhorst, D.: Spatially distributed hydro-chemical data with
temporally high-resolution is needed to adequately assess the hydrological
functioning of headwater catchments, Sci. Total Environ., 651,
1613–1626, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2018.09.189, 2019. a, b
Delsman, J. R., Essink, G. H. P. O., Beven, K. J., and Stuyfzand, P. J.:
Uncertainty estimation of end-member mixing using generalized likelihood
uncertainty estimation (GLUE), applied in a lowland catchment, Water Resour. Res., 49, 4792–4806, https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20341, 2013. a, b, c
Engel, M., Penna, D., Bertoldi, G., Dell'Agnese, A., Soulsby, C., and Comiti,
F.: Identifying run-off contributions during melt-induced run-off events in
a glacierized alpine catchment, Hydrol. Process., 30, 343–364,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10577, 2016. a
Evans, C. and Davies, T. D.: Causes of concentration/discharge hysteresis and
its potential as a tool for analysis of episode hydrochemistry, Water Resour. Res., 34, 129–137, https://doi.org/10.1029/97WR01881, 1998. a
Fabbrocino, S., Rainieri, C., Paduano, P., and Ricciardi, A.: Cluster analysis
for groundwater classification in multi-aquifer systems based on a novel
correlation index, J. Geochem. Explor., 204, 90–111,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2019.05.006, 2019. a
Farvolden, R. N.: Geologic controls on ground-water storage and base flow,
J. Hydrol., 1, 219–249, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(63)90004-0, 1963. a
Floriancic, M. G., Meerveld, I., Smoorenburg, M., Margreth, M., Naef, F.,
Kirchner, J. W., and Molnar, P.: Spatio‐temporal variability in
contributions to low flows in the high Alpine Poschiavino catchment,
Hydrol. Process., 32, 3938–3953, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13302, 2018. a, b, c
Folegot, S., Hannah, D. M., Dugdale, S. J., Kurz, M. J., Drummond, J. D.,
Klaar, M. J., Lee-Cullin, J., Keller, T., Martí, E., Zarnetske, J. P.,
and Ward, A. S.: Low flow controls on stream thermal dynamics, Limnologica,
68, 157–167, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.LIMNO.2017.08.003, 2018. a
Freeze, R. and Cherry, J.: Groundwater, Englewood Cliffs, prentice-h edn.,
1979. a
Fröhlich, H. L., Breuer, L., Vaché, K. B., and Frede, H. G.:
Inferring the effect of catchment complexity on mesoscale hydrologic
response, Water Resour. Res., 44, 15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006207, 2008. a
Gabrielli, C. P., McDonnell, J. J., and Jarvis, W. T.: The role of bedrock
groundwater in rainfall-runoff response at hillslope and catchment scales,
J. Hydrol., 450–451, 117–133, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.05.023,
2012. a
Genereux, D.: Quantifying uncertainty in tracer-based hydrograph separations,
Water Resour. Res., 34, 915–919, https://doi.org/10.1029/98WR00010, 1998. a, b, c, d
Giuntoli, I., Vidal, J.-P., Prudhomme, C., and Hannah, D. M.: Future hydrological extremes: the uncertainty from multiple global climate and global hydrological models, Earth Syst. Dynam., 6, 267–285, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-6-267-2015, 2015. a
Gong, Q., Deng, J., Yang, L., Zhang, J., Wang, Q., and Zhang, G.: Behavior of
major and trace elements during weathering of sericite–quartz schist,
J. Asian Earth Sci., 42, 1–13,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JSEAES.2011.03.003, 2011. a
Grathwohl, P. and Susset, B.: Comparison of percolation to batch and
sequential leaching tests: Theory and data, Waste Manage., 29,
2681–2688, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.WASMAN.2009.05.016, 2009. a
Hale, V. C., McDonnell, J. J., Stewart, M. K., Solomon, D. K., Doolitte, J.,
Ice, G. G., and Pack, R. T.: Effect of bedrock permeability on stream base
flow mean transit time scaling relationships: 2. Process study of storage and
release, Water Resour. Res., 52, 1375–1397,
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017660, 2016. a
Hooper, R. P.: Applying the scientific method to small catchment studies:
Areview of the Panola Mountain experience, Hydrol. Process., 15,
2039–2050, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.255, 2001. a, b, c
Hooper, R. P.: Diagnostic tools for mixing models of stream water chemistry,
Water Resour. Res., 39, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002WR001528, 2003. a
Inamdar, S., Dhillon, G., Singh, S., Dutta, S., Levia, D., Scott, D., Mitchell,
M., Van Stan, J., and McHale, P.: Temporal variation in end-member
chemistry and its influence on runoff mixing patterns in a forested, Piedmont
catchment, Water Resour. Res., 49, 1828–1844,
https://doi.org/10.1002/wrcr.20158, 2013. a, b, c
Inamdar, S. P. and Mitchell, M. J.: Contributions of riparian and hillslope
waters to storm runoff across multiple catchments and storm events in a
glaciated forested watershed, J. Hydrol., 341, 116–130,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2007.05.007, 2007. a
Iwasaki, K., Katsuyama, M., and Tani, M.: Contributions of bedrock groundwater
to the upscaling of storm-runoff generation processes in weathered granitic
headwater catchments, Hydrol. Process., 29, 1535–1548,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10279, 2015. a
James, A. L. and Roulet, N. T.: Investigating the applicability of end-member
mixing analysis (EMMA) across scale: A study of eight small, nested
catchments in a temperate forested watershed, Water Resour. Res., 42, 17,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2005WR004419, 2006. a
Lagarde, P.: Services Web ADES sur les eaux souterraines – Présentation
générale.Rapport BRGM/RP-59919-FR, Tech. rep., BRGM, 2011. a
Levia: Forest hydrology and biogeochemistry: synthesis of past research and
future directions, Springer, Dordrecht, 3th edn.,
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1363-5, 2011. a
Lloyd, C. E., Freer, J. E., Johnes, P. J., and Collins, A. L.: Using
hysteresis analysis of high-resolution water quality monitoring data,
including uncertainty, to infer controls on nutrient and sediment transfer in
catchments, Sci. Total Environ., 543, 388–404,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.11.028, 2016. a
Long, A. J. and Valder, J. F.: Multivariate analyses with end-member mixing to
characterize groundwater flow: Wind Cave and associated aquifers, J.
Hydrol., 409, 315–327, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2011.08.028, 2011. a
Martin, P., Ayral, P.-A., Cicille, P., Didon-Lescot, J.-F., Douguédroit,
A., and Sauvagnargues, S.: HydroPop: De l'hydrologie populaire et
participative?, Tech. rep., ZABR,Agence de l'eau, Lyon,
available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/339200485 (last access: 13 September 2020), 2019. a
Marx, A., Kumar, R., Thober, S., Rakovec, O., Wanders, N., Zink, M., Wood, E. F., Pan, M., Sheffield, J., and Samaniego, L.: Climate change alters low flows in Europe under global warming of 1.5, 2, and 3 ∘C, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1017–1032, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1017-2018, 2018. a
Mayer, B., Shanley, J., Bailey, S., and Mitchell, M.: Identifying sources of
stream water sulfate after a summer drought in the Sleepers River watershed
(Vermont, USA) using hydrological, chemical, and isotopic techniques,
Appl. Geochem., 25, 747–754, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2010.02.007,
2010. a
Millot, R., Petelet-Giraud, E., Guerrot, C., and Négrel, P.:
Multi-isotopic composition
(δ7Li–δ11B–δD–δ18O) of rainwaters in
France: Origin and spatio-temporal characterization, Appl. Geochem.,
25, 1510–1524, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2010.08.002, 2010. a
Monjerezi, M., Vogt, R. D., Aagaard, P., and Saka, J. D.: Hydro-geochemical
processes in an area with saline groundwater in lower Shire River valley,
Malawi: An integrated application of hierarchical cluster and principal
component analyses, Appl. Geochem., 26, 1399–1413,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeochem.2011.05.013, 2011. a
Morel, B., Durand, P., Jaffrezic, A., Gruau, G., and Molenat, J.: Sources of
dissolved organic carbon during stormflow in a headwater agricultural
catchment, Hydrol. Process., 23, 2888–2901, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7379,
2009. a
Moya, C. E., Raiber, M., Taulis, M., and Cox, M. E.: Hydrochemical evolution
and groundwater flow processes in the galilee and eromanga basins, great
artesian Basin, Australia: A multivariate statistical approach, Sci. Total Environ., 508, 411–426, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.099,
2015. a
Mwakalila, S., Feyen, J., and Wyseurew, G.: The influence of physical
catchment properties on baseflow in semi-arid environments, J. Arid
Environ., 52, 245–258, https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2001.0947, 2002. a, b
Neff, B., Day, S., and Pigott, A.: Base Flow in the Great Lakes Basin, Tech.
rep., Reston, VA, 2005. a
Nosrati, K.: The effects of hydrological drought on water quality, in: Water
Quality: Current Trends and Expected Climate Change Impacts, Proceedings of
symposium H04 held during IUGG2011 in Melbourne, Australia, July 2011, vol.
348, 51–56,
available at: https://iahs.info/uploads/dms/16916.13-51-56-348-11_506-Nosrati_final-revised.pdf (last access: 13 September 2020),
2011. a
Petelet-Giraud, E. and Negrel, P.: Geochemical flood deconvolution in a
Mediterranean catchment (Hérault, France) by Sr isotopes, major and
trace elements, J. Hydrol., 337, 224–241,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2007.01.037, 2007. a
Petelet-Giraud, E., Luck, J.-M., Ben Othman, D., Joseph, C., and
Négrel, P.: Chemical and isotopic fingerprinting of small ungauged
watershed: How far the hydrological functioning can be understood?, Comptes
Rendus Geosci., 348, 379–386, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CRTE.2016.03.001, 2016. a
Petelet-Giraud, E., Négrel, P., and Casanova, J.: Tracing surface water
mixing and groundwater inputs using chemical and isotope fingerprints
(δ18O-δ2H, 87Sr/86Sr) at basin scale: The Loire River
(France), Appl. Geochem., 97, 279–290,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2018.08.028, 2018. a, b, c
Phillips, D. L. and Gregg, J. W.: Uncertainty in source partitioning using
stable isotopes, Oecologia, 127, 171–179, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000578,
2001. a
Rose, S. and Fullagar, P. D.: Strontium isotope systematics of base flow in
Piedmont Province watersheds, Georgia (USA), Appl. Geochem., 20,
1571–1586, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APGEOCHEM.2005.04.015, 2005. a
Rousseeuw, P. J.: Silhouettes: A graphical aid to the interpretation and
validation of cluster analysis, J. Comput. Appl.
Math., 20, 53–65, https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0427(87)90125-7, 1987. a
Ruiz-Villanueva, V., Stoffel, M., Bussi, G., Francés, F., and
Bréthaut, C.: Climate change impacts on discharges of the Rhone River
in Lyon by the end of the twenty-first century: model results and
implications, Reg. Environ. Change, 15, 505–515,
https://doi.org/10.1007/S10113-014-0707-8, 2014. a
Sauquet, E., Arama, Y., Blanc Coutagne, E., Bouscasse, H., Branger, F.,
Bruad, I., Brun, J., Cherel, J., Cipriani, T., and Datry, T.: Le partage de
la ressource en eau sur la Durance en 2050: vers une évolution du mode
de gestion des grands ouvrages duranciens?, in: Congrès SHF: Water
Tensions in Europe and in the Mediterranean: water crisis by2050?, Paris,
available at: https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01299129 (last access: 13 September 2020), 2015. a
Smakhtin, V.: Low flow hydrology: a review, J. Hydrol., 240,
147–186, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(00)00340-1, 2001. a, b
Soulsby, C., Petry, J., Brewer, M. J., Dunn, S. M., Ott, B., and Malcolm,
I. A.: Identifying and assessing uncertainty in hydrological pathways: a
novel approach to end member mixing in a Scottish agricultural catchment,
J. Hydrol., 274, 109–128, 2003. a
Tague, C. and Grant, G. E.: A geological framework for interpreting the
low-flow regimes of Cascade streams, Willamette River Basin, Oregon, Water Resour. Res., 40, 9, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003WR002629, 2004. a
Tetzlaff, D. and Soulsby, C.: Sources of baseflow in larger catchments –
Using tracers to develop a holistic understanding of runoff generation,
J. Hydrol., 359, 287–302, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2008.07.008,
2008. a
Tetzlaff, D., Birkel, C., Dick, J., Geris, J., and Soulsby, C.: Storage
dynamics in hydropedological units control hillslope connectivity, runoff
generation, and the evolution of catchment transit time distributions, Water Resour. Res., 50, 969–985, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014147, 2014. a
Tunaley, C., Tetzlaff, D., and Soulsby, C.: Scaling effects of riparian
peatlands on stable isotopes in runoff and DOC mobilisation, J. Hydrol., 549, 220–235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.056, 2017. a
Uchida, T., McDonnell, J. J., and Asano, Y.: Functional intercomparison of
hillslopes and small catchments by examining water source, flowpath and mean
residence time, J. Hydrol., 327, 627–642,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2006.02.037, 2006. a, b
Uhlenbrook, S. and Hoeg, S.: Quantifying uncertainties in tracer-based
hydrograph separations: A case study for two-, three- and five-component
hydrograph separations in a mountainous catchment, Hydrol. Process.,
17, 431–453, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.1134, 2003. a
Van Vliet, M. T., Franssen, W. H., Yearsley, J. R., Ludwig, F., Haddeland,
I., Lettenmaier, D. P., and Kabat, P.: Global river discharge and water
temperature under climate change, Global Environ. Change, 23, 450–464,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.GLOENVCHA.2012.11.002, 2013. a
Vidal, J.-P., Hingray, B., Magand, C., Sauquet, E., and Ducharne, A.: Hierarchy of climate and hydrological uncertainties in transient low-flow projections, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3651–3672, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3651-2016, 2016.
a
Witty, J. H., Graham, R. C., Hubbert, K. R., Doolittle, J. A., and Wald, J. A.:
Contributions of water supply from the weathered bedrock zone to forest soil
quality, Geoderma, 114, 389–400, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-7061(03)00051-X, 2003. a, b
Yang, L., Chang, S.-W., Shin, H.-S., and Hur, J.: Tracking the evolution of
stream DOM source during storm events using end member mixing analysis based
on DOM quality, J. Hydrol., 523, 333–341,
https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2015.01.074, 2015. a
Younger, P.: Groundwater in the environment: an introduction,
blackwell, London, 2007. a
Yu, Z., Zhang, L., Jiang, P., Papelis, C., and Li, Y.: Study on Water-Rock
Interactions of Trace Elements in Groundwater with Leaching Experiments,
Groundwater, 53, 95–102, https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12182, 2015. a
Short summary
This paper aims at identifying the key reservoirs sustaining river low flow during dry summer. The reservoirs are discriminated based on the geological nature of the formations and the geochemical signature of groundwater. Results show the increasing importance to low-flow support of a specific reservoir, showing only a limited outcrop area and becoming preponderant in the heart of the dry season. This finding will contribute to improving the protective measures for preserving low flows.
This paper aims at identifying the key reservoirs sustaining river low flow during dry summer....