Articles | Volume 24, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1649-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1649-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Apr 2020
Research article |
| 07 Apr 2020
Coffee and shade trees show complementary use of soil water in a traditional agroforestry ecosystem
Lyssette Elena Muñoz-Villers
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Josie Geris
Northern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of
Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK
María Susana Alvarado-Barrientos
Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, A. C.,
Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
Friso Holwerda
Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
Todd Dawson
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California-Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
Related authors
Lyssette E. Muñoz-Villers, Daniel R. Geissert, Friso Holwerda, and Jeffrey J. McDonnell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1621–1635, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1621-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1621-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an important first step towards a better understanding of the hydrology of tropical montane regions and the factors influencing baseflow mean transit times (MTT). Our MTT estimates ranged between 1.2 and 2.7 years, suggesting deep and long subsurface pathways contributing to sustain dry season flows. Our findings showed that topography and subsurface permeability are the key factors controlling baseflow MTTs. Longest MTTs were found in the cloud forest headwater catchments.
L. E. Muñoz-Villers and J. J. McDonnell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3543–3560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3543-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3543-2013, 2013
Heye Reemt Bogena, Martin Schrön, Jannis Jakobi, Patrizia Ney, Steffen Zacharias, Mie Andreasen, Roland Baatz, David Boorman, Mustafa Berk Duygu, Miguel Angel Eguibar-Galán, Benjamin Fersch, Till Franke, Josie Geris, María González Sanchis, Yann Kerr, Tobias Korf, Zalalem Mengistu, Arnaud Mialon, Paolo Nasta, Jerzy Nitychoruk, Vassilios Pisinaras, Daniel Rasche, Rafael Rosolem, Hami Said, Paul Schattan, Marek Zreda, Stefan Achleitner, Eduardo Albentosa-Hernández, Zuhal Akyürek, Theresa Blume, Antonio del Campo, Davide Canone, Katya Dimitrova-Petrova, John G. Evans, Stefano Ferraris, Félix Frances, Davide Gisolo, Andreas Güntner, Frank Herrmann, Joost Iwema, Karsten H. Jensen, Harald Kunstmann, Antonio Lidón, Majken Caroline Looms, Sascha Oswald, Andreas Panagopoulos, Amol Patil, Daniel Power, Corinna Rebmann, Nunzio Romano, Lena Scheiffele, Sonia Seneviratne, Georg Weltin, and Harry Vereecken
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1125–1151, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring of increasingly frequent droughts is a prerequisite for climate adaptation strategies. This data paper presents long-term soil moisture measurements recorded by 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) operated by 24 institutions and distributed across major climate zones in Europe. Data processing followed harmonized protocols and state-of-the-art methods to generate consistent and comparable soil moisture products and to facilitate continental-scale analysis of hydrological extremes.
Rafael Poyatos, Víctor Granda, Víctor Flo, Mark A. Adams, Balázs Adorján, David Aguadé, Marcos P. M. Aidar, Scott Allen, M. Susana Alvarado-Barrientos, Kristina J. Anderson-Teixeira, Luiza Maria Aparecido, M. Altaf Arain, Ismael Aranda, Heidi Asbjornsen, Robert Baxter, Eric Beamesderfer, Z. Carter Berry, Daniel Berveiller, Bethany Blakely, Johnny Boggs, Gil Bohrer, Paul V. Bolstad, Damien Bonal, Rosvel Bracho, Patricia Brito, Jason Brodeur, Fernando Casanoves, Jérôme Chave, Hui Chen, Cesar Cisneros, Kenneth Clark, Edoardo Cremonese, Hongzhong Dang, Jorge S. David, Teresa S. David, Nicolas Delpierre, Ankur R. Desai, Frederic C. Do, Michal Dohnal, Jean-Christophe Domec, Sebinasi Dzikiti, Colin Edgar, Rebekka Eichstaedt, Tarek S. El-Madany, Jan Elbers, Cleiton B. Eller, Eugénie S. Euskirchen, Brent Ewers, Patrick Fonti, Alicia Forner, David I. Forrester, Helber C. Freitas, Marta Galvagno, Omar Garcia-Tejera, Chandra Prasad Ghimire, Teresa E. Gimeno, John Grace, André Granier, Anne Griebel, Yan Guangyu, Mark B. Gush, Paul J. Hanson, Niles J. Hasselquist, Ingo Heinrich, Virginia Hernandez-Santana, Valentine Herrmann, Teemu Hölttä, Friso Holwerda, James Irvine, Supat Isarangkool Na Ayutthaya, Paul G. Jarvis, Hubert Jochheim, Carlos A. Joly, Julia Kaplick, Hyun Seok Kim, Leif Klemedtsson, Heather Kropp, Fredrik Lagergren, Patrick Lane, Petra Lang, Andrei Lapenas, Víctor Lechuga, Minsu Lee, Christoph Leuschner, Jean-Marc Limousin, Juan Carlos Linares, Maj-Lena Linderson, Anders Lindroth, Pilar Llorens, Álvaro López-Bernal, Michael M. Loranty, Dietmar Lüttschwager, Cate Macinnis-Ng, Isabelle Maréchaux, Timothy A. Martin, Ashley Matheny, Nate McDowell, Sean McMahon, Patrick Meir, Ilona Mészáros, Mirco Migliavacca, Patrick Mitchell, Meelis Mölder, Leonardo Montagnani, Georgianne W. Moore, Ryogo Nakada, Furong Niu, Rachael H. Nolan, Richard Norby, Kimberly Novick, Walter Oberhuber, Nikolaus Obojes, A. Christopher Oishi, Rafael S. Oliveira, Ram Oren, Jean-Marc Ourcival, Teemu Paljakka, Oscar Perez-Priego, Pablo L. Peri, Richard L. Peters, Sebastian Pfautsch, William T. Pockman, Yakir Preisler, Katherine Rascher, George Robinson, Humberto Rocha, Alain Rocheteau, Alexander Röll, Bruno H. P. Rosado, Lucy Rowland, Alexey V. Rubtsov, Santiago Sabaté, Yann Salmon, Roberto L. Salomón, Elisenda Sánchez-Costa, Karina V. R. Schäfer, Bernhard Schuldt, Alexandr Shashkin, Clément Stahl, Marko Stojanović, Juan Carlos Suárez, Ge Sun, Justyna Szatniewska, Fyodor Tatarinov, Miroslav Tesař, Frank M. Thomas, Pantana Tor-ngern, Josef Urban, Fernando Valladares, Christiaan van der Tol, Ilja van Meerveld, Andrej Varlagin, Holm Voigt, Jeffrey Warren, Christiane Werner, Willy Werner, Gerhard Wieser, Lisa Wingate, Stan Wullschleger, Koong Yi, Roman Zweifel, Kathy Steppe, Maurizio Mencuccini, and Jordi Martínez-Vilalta
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 2607–2649, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-2607-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Transpiration is a key component of global water balance, but it is poorly constrained from available observations. We present SAPFLUXNET, the first global database of tree-level transpiration from sap flow measurements, containing 202 datasets and covering a wide range of ecological conditions. SAPFLUXNET and its accompanying R software package
sapfluxnetrwill facilitate new data syntheses on the ecological factors driving water use and drought responses of trees and forests.
Daniele Penna, Luisa Hopp, Francesca Scandellari, Scott T. Allen, Paolo Benettin, Matthias Beyer, Josie Geris, Julian Klaus, John D. Marshall, Luitgard Schwendenmann, Till H. M. Volkmann, Jana von Freyberg, Anam Amin, Natalie Ceperley, Michael Engel, Jay Frentress, Yamuna Giambastiani, Jeff J. McDonnell, Giulia Zuecco, Pilar Llorens, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, Todd E. Dawson, and James W. Kirchner
Biogeosciences, 15, 6399–6415, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6399-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6399-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding how water flows through ecosystems is needed to provide society and policymakers with the scientific background to manage water resources sustainably. Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen in water are a powerful tool for tracking water fluxes, although the heterogeneity of natural systems and practical methodological issues still limit their full application. Here, we examine the challenges in this research field and highlight new perspectives based on interdisciplinary research.
Lyssette E. Muñoz-Villers, Daniel R. Geissert, Friso Holwerda, and Jeffrey J. McDonnell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1621–1635, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1621-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1621-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides an important first step towards a better understanding of the hydrology of tropical montane regions and the factors influencing baseflow mean transit times (MTT). Our MTT estimates ranged between 1.2 and 2.7 years, suggesting deep and long subsurface pathways contributing to sustain dry season flows. Our findings showed that topography and subsurface permeability are the key factors controlling baseflow MTTs. Longest MTTs were found in the cloud forest headwater catchments.
L. E. Muñoz-Villers and J. J. McDonnell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3543–3560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3543-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3543-2013, 2013
J. H. Shim, H. H. Powers, C. W. Meyer, A. Knohl, T. E. Dawson, W. J. Riley, W. T. Pockman, and N. McDowell
Biogeosciences, 10, 4937–4956, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4937-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-4937-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Ecohydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
Controls on leaf water hydrogen and oxygen isotopes: a local investigation across seasons and altitude
Resolving seasonal and diel dynamics of non-rainfall water inputs in a Mediterranean ecosystem using lysimeters
The effect of rainfall amount and timing on annual transpiration in a grazed savanna grassland
Inter- and intra-event rainfall partitioning dynamics of two typical xerophytic shrubs in the Loess Plateau of China
A comparative study of plant water extraction methods for isotopic analyses: Scholander-type pressure chamber vs. cryogenic vacuum distillation
Technical note: Conservative storage of water vapour – practical in situ sampling of stable isotopes in tree stems
Xylem water in riparian willow trees (Salix alba) reveals shallow sources of root water uptake by in situ monitoring of stable water isotopes
Dynamic root growth in response to depth-varying soil moisture availability: a rhizobox study
Technical note: High-accuracy weighing micro-lysimeter system for long-term measurements of non-rainfall water inputs to grasslands
Response of water fluxes and biomass production to climate change in permanent grassland soil ecosystems
Ecohydrological travel times derived from in situ stable water isotope measurements in trees during a semi-controlled pot experiment
Insights into the isotopic mismatch between bulk soil water and Salix matsudana Koidz trunk water from root water stable isotope measurements
The role of dew and radiation fog inputs in the local water cycling of a temperate grassland during dry spells in central Europe
Co-evolution of xylem water and soil water stable isotopic composition in a northern mixed forest biome
Vapor plumes in a tropical wet forest: spotting the invisible evaporation
Rapid reduction in ecosystem productivity caused by flash droughts based on decade-long FLUXNET observations
Throughfall isotopic composition in relation to drop size at the intra-event scale in a Mediterranean Scots pine stand
Rainfall interception and redistribution by a common North American understory and pasture forb, Eupatorium capillifolium (Lam. dogfennel)
In situ measurements of soil and plant water isotopes: a review of approaches, practical considerations and a vision for the future
Coalescence of bacterial groups originating from urban runoffs and artificial infiltration systems among aquifer microbiomes
A combination of soil water extraction methods quantifies the isotopic mixing of waters held at separate tensions in soil
Using water stable isotopes to understand evaporation, moisture stress, and re-wetting in catchment forest and grassland soils of the summer drought of 2018
Partitioning growing season water balance within a forested boreal catchment using sap flux, eddy covariance, and a process-based model
Technical note: Long-term probe misalignment and proposed quality control using the heat pulse method for transpiration estimations
Contribution of understory evaporation in a tropical wet forest during the dry season
Responses of soil water storage and crop water use efficiency to changing climatic conditions: a lysimeter-based space-for-time approach
Neighbourhood and stand structure affect stemflow generation in a heterogeneous deciduous temperate forest
Technical Note: A global database of the stable isotopic ratios of meteoric and terrestrial waters
Temporally dependent effects of rainfall characteristics on inter- and intra-event branch-scale stemflow variability in two xerophytic shrubs
Dissolved organic carbon driven by rainfall events from a semi-arid catchment during concentrated rainfall season in the Loess Plateau, China
Dew frequency across the US from a network of in situ radiometers
Seasonal origins of soil water used by trees
Forest harvesting impacts on microclimate conditions and sediment transport activities in a humid periglacial environment
Hydrogeochemical controls on brook trout spawning habitats in a coastal stream
Speculations on the application of foliar 13C discrimination to reveal groundwater dependency of vegetation and provide estimates of root depth and rates of groundwater use
Evaporation from cultivated and semi-wild Sudanian Savanna in west Africa
Every apple has a voice: using stable isotopes to teach about food sourcing and the water cycle
Technical note: An experimental set-up to measure latent and sensible heat fluxes from (artificial) plant leaves
The spatial distribution and temporal variation of desert riparian forests and their influencing factors in the downstream Heihe River basin, China
Variation of soil hydraulic properties with alpine grassland degradation in the eastern Tibetan Plateau
Changes in dissolved organic matter quality in a peatland and forest headwater stream as a function of seasonality and hydrologic conditions
Comparisons of stemflow and its bio-/abiotic influential factors between two xerophytic shrub species
Remapping annual precipitation in mountainous areas based on vegetation patterns: a case study in the Nu River basin
Monitoring the variations of evapotranspiration due to land use/cover change in a semiarid shrubland
The canopy interception–landslide initiation conundrum: insight from a tropical secondary forest in northern Thailand
Groundwater-dependent ecosystems: recent insights from satellite and field-based studies
Monitoring strategies of stream phosphorus under contrasting climate-driven flow regimes
Hydrological connectivity inferred from diatom transport through the riparian-stream system
Monitoring and modelling of soil–plant interactions: the joint use of ERT, sap flow and eddy covariance data to characterize the volume of an orange tree root zone
Divergence of actual and reference evapotranspiration observations for irrigated sugarcane with windy tropical conditions
Jinzhao Liu, Chong Jiang, Huawu Wu, Li Guo, Haiwei Zhang, and Ying Zhao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 599–612, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-599-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-599-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
What controls leaf water isotopes? We answered the question from two perspectives: respective and dual isotopes. On the one hand, the δ18O and δ2H values of leaf water responded to isotopes of potential source water (i.e., twig water, soil water, and precipitation) and meteorological parameters (i.e., temperature, RH, and precipitation) differently. On the other hand, dual δ18O and δ2H values of leaf water yielded a significant linear relationship associated with altitude and seasonality.
Sinikka Jasmin Paulus, Tarek Sebastian El-Madany, René Orth, Anke Hildebrandt, Thomas Wutzler, Arnaud Carrara, Gerardo Moreno, Oscar Perez-Priego, Olaf Kolle, Markus Reichstein, and Mirco Migliavacca
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6263–6287, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6263-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6263-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we analyze small inputs of water to ecosystems such as fog, dew, and adsorption of vapor. To measure them, we use a scaling system and later test our attribution of different water fluxes to weight changes. We found that they occur frequently during 1 year in a dry summer ecosystem. In each season, a different flux seems dominant, but they all mainly occur during the night. Therefore, they could be important for the biosphere because rain is unevenly distributed over the year.
Matti Räsänen, Mika Aurela, Ville Vakkari, Johan P. Beukes, Juha-Pekka Tuovinen, Pieter G. Van Zyl, Miroslav Josipovic, Stefan J. Siebert, Tuomas Laurila, Markku Kulmala, Lauri Laakso, Janne Rinne, Ram Oren, and Gabriel Katul
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5773–5791, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5773-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5773-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The productivity of semiarid grazed grasslands is linked to the variation in rainfall and transpiration. By combining carbon dioxide and water flux measurements, we show that the annual transpiration is nearly constant during wet years while grasses react quickly to dry spells and drought, which reduce transpiration. The planning of annual grazing strategies could consider the early-season rainfall frequency that was linked to the portion of annual transpiration.
Jinxia An, Guangyao Gao, Chuan Yuan, Juan Pinos, and Bojie Fu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3885–3900, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3885-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3885-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
An in-depth investigation was conducted of all rainfall-partitioning components at inter- and intra-event scales for two xerophytic shrubs. Inter-event rainfall partitioning amount and percentage depended more on rainfall amount, and rainfall intensity and duration controlled intra-event rainfall-partitioning variables. One shrub has larger branch angle, small branch and smaller canopy area to produce stemflow more efficiently, and the other has larger biomass to intercept more rainfall.
Giulia Zuecco, Anam Amin, Jay Frentress, Michael Engel, Chiara Marchina, Tommaso Anfodillo, Marco Borga, Vinicio Carraro, Francesca Scandellari, Massimo Tagliavini, Damiano Zanotelli, Francesco Comiti, and Daniele Penna
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3673–3689, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3673-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3673-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We analyzed the variability in the isotopic composition of plant water extracted by two different methods, i.e., cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD) and Scholander-type pressure chamber (SPC). Our results indicated that the isotopic composition of plant water extracted by CVD and SPC was significantly different. We concluded that plant water extraction by SPC is not an alternative for CVD as SPC mostly extracts the mobile plant water whereas CVD retrieves all water stored in the sampled tissue.
Ruth-Kristina Magh, Benjamin Gralher, Barbara Herbstritt, Angelika Kübert, Hyungwoo Lim, Tomas Lundmark, and John Marshall
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3573–3587, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3573-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3573-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We developed a method of sampling and storing water vapour for isotope analysis, allowing us to infer plant water uptake depth. Measurements can be made at high temporal and spatial resolution even in remote areas. We ensured that all necessary components are easily available, making this method cost efficient and simple to implement. We found our method to perform well in the lab and in the field, enabling it to become a tool for everyone aiming to resolve questions regarding the water cycle.
Jessica Landgraf, Dörthe Tetzlaff, Maren Dubbert, David Dubbert, Aaron Smith, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2073–2092, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2073-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2073-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Using water stable isotopes, we studied from which water source (lake water, stream water, groundwater, or soil water) two willows were taking their water. We monitored the environmental conditions (e.g. air temperature and soil moisture) and the behaviour of the trees (water flow in the stem). We found that the most likely water sources of the willows were the upper soil layers but that there were seasonal dynamics.
Debora Cynthia Maan, Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis, and Bas Johannes Henricus van de Wiel
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-104, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2022-104, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Their flexible growth provides the plants with a strong ability to adapt and develop resilience to droughts and climate change. But this adaptability is badly included in crop- and climate models. To model plant development in changing environments, we need to include the survival strategies of plants. Based on experimental data, we set up a simple model for soil moisture driven root growth. The model performance suggests that soil moisture is a key parameter determining root growth.
Andreas Riedl, Yafei Li, Jon Eugster, Nina Buchmann, and Werner Eugster
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 91–116, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-91-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-91-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The aim of this study was to develop a high-accuracy micro-lysimeter system for the quantification of non-rainfall water inputs that overcomes existing drawbacks. The micro-lysimeter system had a high accuracy and allowed us to quantify and distinguish between different types of non-rainfall water inputs, like dew and fog. Non-rainfall water inputs occurred frequently in a Swiss Alpine grassland ecosystem. These water inputs can be an important water source for grasslands during dry periods.
Veronika Forstner, Jannis Groh, Matevz Vremec, Markus Herndl, Harry Vereecken, Horst H. Gerke, Steffen Birk, and Thomas Pütz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6087–6106, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6087-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6087-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Lysimeter-based manipulative and observational experiments were used to identify responses of water fluxes and aboveground biomass (AGB) to climatic change in permanent grassland. Under energy-limited conditions, elevated temperature actual evapotranspiration (ETa) increased, while seepage, dew, and AGB decreased. Elevated CO2 mitigated the effect on ETa. Under water limitation, elevated temperature resulted in reduced ETa, and AGB was negatively correlated with an increasing aridity.
David Mennekes, Michael Rinderer, Stefan Seeger, and Natalie Orlowski
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4513–4530, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4513-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4513-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In situ stable water isotope measurements are a recently developed method to measure water movement from the soil through the plant to the atmosphere in high resolution and precision. Here, we present important advantages of the new method in comparison to commonly used measurement methods in an experimental setup. Overall, this method can help to answer research questions such as plant responses to climate change with potentially shifting water availability or temperatures.
Ying Zhao and Li Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3975–3989, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3975-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3975-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
At our study site during the experimental period, trunk water was only isotopically similar to root water at 100–160 cm depths. The isotopic composition of root water deviated from that of bulk soil water but overlapped with the composition derived for less mobile water. These findings suggest that the isotopic offset between bulk soil water and trunk water was due to the isotopic mismatch between root water and bulk soil water associated with soil water heterogeneity.
Yafei Li, Franziska Aemisegger, Andreas Riedl, Nina Buchmann, and Werner Eugster
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2617–2648, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2617-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2617-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
During dry spells, dew and fog potentially play an increasingly important role in temperate grasslands. Research on the combined mechanisms of dew and fog inputs to ecosystems and distillation of water vapor from soil to plant surfaces is rare. Our results using stable water isotopes highlight the importance of dew and fog inputs to temperate grasslands during dry spells and reveal the complexity of the local water cycling in such conditions, including different pathways of dew and fog inputs.
Jenna R. Snelgrove, James M. Buttle, Matthew J. Kohn, and Dörthe Tetzlaff
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2169–2186, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2169-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Co-evolution of plant and soil water isotopic composition throughout the growing season in a little-studied northern mixed forest landscape was explored. Marked inter-specific differences in the isotopic composition of xylem water relative to surrounding soil water occurred, despite thin soil cover constraining inter-species differences in rooting depths. We provide potential explanations for differences in temporal evolution of xylem water isotopic composition in this northern landscape.
César Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Bart Schilperoort, Adriana del Pilar González-Angarita, and Hubert Savenije
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 619–635, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-619-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-619-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
During rainfall events, evaporation from tropical forests is usually ignored. However, the water retained in the canopy during rainfall increases the evaporation despite the high-humidity conditions. In a tropical wet forest in Costa Rica, it was possible to depict vapor plumes rising from the forest canopy during rainfall. These plumes are evidence of forest evaporation. Also, we identified the conditions that allowed this phenomenon to happen using time-lapse videos and meteorological data.
Miao Zhang and Xing Yuan
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5579–5593, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5579-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5579-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We identify flash drought events by considering the decline rate of soil moisture and the drought persistency, and we detect the response of ecosystem carbon and water fluxes to flash droughts based on FLUXNET observations. We find rapid declines in carbon assimilation within 16–24 d of flash drought onset, where savannas show the highest sensitivity. Water use efficiency increases for forests but decreases for herbaceous ecosystems during the recovery stage of flash droughts.
Juan Pinos, Jérôme Latron, Kazuki Nanko, Delphis F. Levia, and Pilar Llorens
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4675–4690, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4675-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4675-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Water that drips or splashes from a canopy or passes through it is termed throughfall. This is the first known study to examine interrelationships between throughfall isotopic fractionation and throughfall drop size. Working in a mountainous Scots pine forest, we found that throughfall splash droplets were more prevalent at the onset of rain when vapour pressure deficits were larger. This finding has important implications for water mixing in the canopy and for theories of canopy interception.
D. Alex R. Gordon, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Brent A. Sellers, S. M. Moein Sadeghi, and John T. Van Stan II
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4587–4599, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4587-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4587-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Where plants exist, rain must pass through canopies to reach soils. We studied how rain interacts with dogfennel – a highly problematic weed that is abundant in pastures, grasslands, rangelands, urban forests and along highways. Dogfennels evaporated large portions (approx. one-fifth) of rain and drained significant (at times > 25 %) rain (and dew) down their stems to their roots (via stemflow). This may explain how dogfennel survives and even invades managed landscapes during extended droughts.
Matthias Beyer, Kathrin Kühnhammer, and Maren Dubbert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4413–4440, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4413-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4413-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Water isotopes are a scientific tool that can be used to identify sources of water and answer questions such as
From which soil depths do plants take up water?, which are highly relevant under changing climatic conditions. In the past, the measurement of water isotopes required tremendous effort. In the last decade methods have advanced and can now be applied in the field. Herein, we review the current status of direct field measurements of water isotopes and discuss future applications.
Yannick Colin, Rayan Bouchali, Laurence Marjolet, Romain Marti, Florian Vautrin, Jérémy Voisin, Emilie Bourgeois, Veronica Rodriguez-Nava, Didier Blaha, Thierry Winiarski, Florian Mermillod-Blondin, and Benoit Cournoyer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4257–4273, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4257-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4257-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Stormwater infiltration systems (SISs) are a source of pollution that may have adverse ecological and sanitary impacts. The incidence of a SIS on the coalescence of microbial communities from runoff waters and aboveground sediments with those of an aquifer was investigated. Aquifer waters showed lower coalescence with aboveground bacterial taxa than aquifer biofilms. These biofilms were colonized by bacterial hydrocarbon degraders and harboured undesirable human-opportunistic pathogens.
William H. Bowers, Jason J. Mercer, Mark S. Pleasants, and David G. Williams
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4045–4060, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4045-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4045-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Determining the chemical composition of soil water can help to address questions concerning water transport and use. However, there are many observations of incompletely mixed soil water within various soil pore domains. We applied two contrasting waters to soil samples and then removed water from the soils with three sequential and increasing applied energy steps to assess soil water mixing and equilibration over time. We found it took more than 3 d for soil water to mix and equilibrate.
Lukas Kleine, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Aaron Smith, Hailong Wang, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3737–3752, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3737-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3737-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the effects of the 2018 drought on water partitioning in a lowland catchment under grassland and forest in north-eastern Germany. Conditions resulted in drying up of streams, yield losses, and lower groundwater levels. Oak trees continued to transpire during the drought. We used stable isotopes to assess the fluxes and ages of water. Sustainable use of resource water requires such understanding of ecohydrological water partitioning.
Nataliia Kozii, Kersti Haahti, Pantana Tor-ngern, Jinshu Chi, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Hjalmar Laudon, Samuli Launiainen, Ram Oren, Matthias Peichl, Jörgen Wallerman, and Niles J. Hasselquist
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2999–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The hydrologic cycle is one of the greatest natural processes on Earth and strongly influences both regional and global climate as well as ecosystem functioning. Results from this study clearly show the central role trees play in regulating the water cycle of boreal catchments, implying that forest management impacts on stand structure as well as climate change effects on tree growth are likely to have large cascading effects on the way water moves through boreal forested landscapes.
Elisabeth K. Larsen, Jose Luis Palau, Jose Antonio Valiente, Esteban Chirino, and Juan Bellot
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2755–2767, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2755-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2755-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To improve long-term sap flow measurements when using the heat ratio method, this study introduces a dynamic probe misalignment correction method. This work uses sap flow data from four Aleppo pines from April 2017 to December 2018 and shows how a classical probe correction approach declines in accuracy over time. Additionally, it is proposed that a new set of statistical information be recorded along with the sap flow readings to ensure the quality of the raw data.
César Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Jochen Wenninger, Adriana Gonzalez-Angarita, and Hubert Savenije
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2179–2206, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2179-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2179-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Tropical forest ecosystems are able to export a lot of water to the atmosphere by means of evaporation. However, little is known on how their complex structure affects this water flux. This paper analyzes the contribution of three canopy layers in terms of water fluxes and stable water isotope signatures. During the dry season in 2018 the two lower canopy layers provide 20 % of measured evaporation, highlighting the importance of knowing how forest structure can affect the hydrological cycle.
Jannis Groh, Jan Vanderborght, Thomas Pütz, Hans-Jörg Vogel, Ralf Gründling, Holger Rupp, Mehdi Rahmati, Michael Sommer, Harry Vereecken, and Horst H. Gerke
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1211–1225, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1211-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1211-2020, 2020
Johanna C. Metzger, Jens Schumacher, Markus Lange, and Anke Hildebrandt
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4433–4452, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4433-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4433-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Variation in stemflow (rain water running down the stem) enhances the formation of flow hot spots at the forest floor. Investigating drivers based on detailed measurements, we find that forest structure affects stemflow, both for individual trees and small communities. Densely packed forest patches received more stemflow, due to a higher proportion of woody structure and canopy morphology adjustments, which increase the potential for flow path generation connecting crowns and soil.
Annie L. Putman and Gabriel J. Bowen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4389–4396, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4389-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4389-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We describe an open-access, global database of stable water isotope ratios of various water types. The database facilitates data archiving, supports standardized metadata collection, and decreases the time investment for metanalyses. To promote data discovery and collaboration, the database exposes metadata and data owner contact information for private data but only permits download of public data. Two companion apps support digital data collection and processing and upload of analyzed data.
Chuan Yuan, Guangyao Gao, Bojie Fu, Daming He, Xingwu Duan, and Xiaohua Wei
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4077–4095, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4077-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4077-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The stemflow dynamics of two xerophytic shrubs were investigated at the inter- and intra-event scales with high-temporal-resolution data in 54 rain events. Stemflow process was depicted by intensity, duration and time lags to rain events. Funneling ratio was calculated as the ratio of stemflow to rainfall intensities. Rainfall intensity and raindrop momentum controlled stemflow intensity and time lags. Influences of rainfall characteristics on stemflow variables showed temporal dependence.
Linhua Wang, Haw Yen, Xinhui E, Liding Chen, and Yafeng Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3141–3153, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3141-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3141-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
A high-frequency approach was used to monitor dynamic changes of DOC exported during the concentrated rainfall season in LPR, China. DOC concentration and flux from an ecologically restored catchment in the LPR was investigated. Hysteresis analysis indicated non-linear relationships between DOC concentration and discharge rate in a rainfall event. DOC export is substantially affected by the interaction of rainfall and antecedent conditions for a rainfall event.
François Ritter, Max Berkelhammer, and Daniel Beysens
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1179–1197, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1179-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1179-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
There currently is no standardized approach for measuring dew formation, making it difficult to compare its frequency and importance across ecosystems. Recently, canopy surface temperature data from 30 sites in the US were measured continuously using in situ infrared radiometers. The analysis presented here provides the first continental-scale standardized synthesis of dew formation. This work provides a basis for considering how changing climate and land use will influence dew formation.
Scott T. Allen, James W. Kirchner, Sabine Braun, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, and Gregory R. Goldsmith
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1199–1210, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1199-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1199-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We used stable isotopes of xylem water to study differences in the seasonal origin of water in more than 900 individual trees from three dominant species in 182 Swiss forested sites. We discovered that midsummer transpiration was mostly supplied by winter precipitation across diverse humid climates. Our findings provide new insights into tree vulnerability to droughts, transport of water (and thus solutes) in soils, and the climatic information conveyed by plant-tissue isotopes.
Fumitoshi Imaizumi, Ryoko Nishii, Kenichi Ueno, and Kousei Kurobe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 155–170, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-155-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-155-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated seasonal changes in sediment transport activities following forest harvesting in a humid periglacial area. Removal of the forest canopy by forest harvesting alters the type of winter soil creep. Winter creep velocity of the ground surface sediment in the harvested site was significantly higher than that in the non-harvested site. Meanwhile, sediment flux on the hillslopes decreased in the harvested site because of capture of sediment by branches of harvested trees.
Martin A. Briggs, Judson W. Harvey, Stephen T. Hurley, Donald O. Rosenberry, Timothy McCobb, Dale Werkema, and John W. Lane Jr.
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6383–6398, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6383-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6383-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Brook trout are known to seek out groundwater-discharge zones for spawning. However, in a groundwater-dominated system, we observed trout using a few locations for repeatedly laying eggs. To improve the management of this cold-water species, we wanted to know why these specific groundwater-discharge zones were desirable. Through a combination of geophysical and chemical measurements, we found that locations where the stream intersects the sandy valley wall create oxygen-rich seepage zones.
Rizwana Rumman, James Cleverly, Rachael H. Nolan, Tonantzin Tarin, and Derek Eamus
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4875–4889, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4875-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4875-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Groundwater is a significant water resource for humans and for groundwater-dependent vegetation. Several challenges to managing both groundwater resources and dependent vegetation include defining the location of dependent vegetation, the rate of groundwater use, and the depth of roots accessing groundwater. In this study we demonstrate a novel application of measurements of stable isotopes of carbon that can be used to identify the location, the rooting depth, and the rate of groundwater use.
Natalie C. Ceperley, Theophile Mande, Nick van de Giesen, Scott Tyler, Hamma Yacouba, and Marc B. Parlange
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4149–4167, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4149-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4149-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We relate land cover (savanna forest and agriculture) to evaporation in Burkina Faso, west Africa. We observe more evaporation and temperature movement over the savanna forest in the headwater area relative to the agricultural section of the watershed. We find that the fraction of available energy converted to evaporation relates to vegetation cover and soil moisture. From the results, evaporation can be calculated where ground-based measurements are lacking, frequently the case across Africa.
Erik Oerter, Molly Malone, Annie Putman, Dina Drits-Esser, Louisa Stark, and Gabriel Bowen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3799–3810, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3799-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3799-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Fruits take up soil water as they grow, and thus the fruit water is related to the rain or irrigation the crop receives. We used a novel sampling system to measure the stable isotopes of H and O in the fruit water to determine its geographic origin by comparing it to maps of isotopes in rain. We used this approach to teach an audience of science students and teachers about water cycle concepts and how humans may modify the water cycle through agriculture and irrigation water diversions.
Stanislaus J. Schymanski, Daniel Breitenstein, and Dani Or
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3377–3400, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3377-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3377-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Leaf transpiration and energy exchange are coupled processes at the small scale that have strong effects on the water cycle and climate at the large scale. In this technical note, we present a novel experimental set-up that enables detailed study of these coupled processes in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Results document the abilities of the experimental set-up to confirm or challenge our understanding of these processes.
Jingyi Ding, Wenwu Zhao, Stefani Daryanto, Lixin Wang, Hao Fan, Qiang Feng, and Yaping Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2405–2419, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2405-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2405-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we focused on exploring the spatial distribution and temporal variation of desert riparian forests and their influencing factors based on field experiment and remote sensing data. Our result revealed how the environmental factors shape the spatial distribution and temporal variation of desert riparian forest in the downstream Heihe river. The results of this study provide support for the effective restoration of desert riparian forest in the hyperarid zone.
Tao Pan, Shuai Hou, Shaohong Wu, Yujie Liu, Yanhua Liu, Xintong Zou, Anna Herzberger, and Jianguo Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2249–2261, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2249-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2249-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows that soil hydraulic properties, especially those of the top soil, varied greatly with alpine swamp meadow degradation. Soil porosity is the dominant influencing factor of soil hydraulic properties. The results suggest that alpine swamp meadow degradation would inevitably lead to negative hydrological effects. Hydrological modelling in the Tibetan Plateau and similar regions are recommended to understand the effects of degradation on soil hydraulic properties.
Tanja Broder, Klaus-Holger Knorr, and Harald Biester
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 2035–2051, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2035-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-2035-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This study elucidates controls on temporal variability in DOM concentration and quality in stream water draining a bog and a forested peaty riparian zone, particularly considering drought and storm flow events. DOM quality was monitored using spectrofluorometric indices (SUVA254, SR and FI) and PARAFAC modeling of EEMs. DOM quality depended clearly on hydrologic preconditions and season. Moreover, the forested peaty riparian zone generated most variability in headwater DOM quantity and quality.
Chuan Yuan, Guangyao Gao, and Bojie Fu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1421–1438, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1421-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1421-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We computed stemflow yield and efficiency, and analyzed the influential mechanism at smaller scales of leaf and raindrop. We found that precipitation was the most influential meteorological feature on stemflow. The smaller threshold precipitation to start stemflow and the more beneficial leaf traits might partly explain the larger and more efficient stemflow production. At defoliated period, the newly exposed stems replaced leaves to intercept raindrops and might really matter in stemflow yield.
Xing Zhou, Guang-Heng Ni, Chen Shen, and Ting Sun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 999–1015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-999-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-999-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We develop a fusion framework to improve precipitation estimation by jointly utilizing the gauge precipitation and vegetation index and then applying them to mountainous areas of the Nu River basin. The results demonstrate the reliability of the framework in reproducing the high-resolution precipitation regime and capturing its high spatial variability in the Nu River basin. The framework can significantly reduce the errors in precipitation estimates as compared with the IDW and TRMM methods.
Tingting Gong, Huimin Lei, Dawen Yang, Yang Jiao, and Hanbo Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 863–877, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-863-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-863-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Seasonal and inter-annual features of ET were analyzed over four periods. A normalization method was adopted to exclude the effects of potential evapotranspiration and soil water stress on ET. During the land degradation process, when natural vegetation (including leaves and branches), sand dunes, dry sand layers, and BSCs were all bulldozed, ET was observed to increase at a mild rate. In a vegetation rehabilitation process with sufficient groundwater, ET also increased at a faster rate.
Roy C. Sidle and Alan D. Ziegler
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 651–667, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-651-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-651-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Rainwater intercepted by forest canopies has been suggested to moderate peak pulses of rainfall and resultant pore pressure within soils, thus reducing the risk of shallow landslides. Three years of data in a tropical secondary forest in northern Thailand show that average canopy interception during large storms was only 7 % of rainfall. These peak rain inputs had little effect on soil moisture pulses below 1 m. Thus, canopy interception would have little effect in mitigating shallow landslides.
D. Eamus, S. Zolfaghar, R. Villalobos-Vega, J. Cleverly, and A. Huete
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4229–4256, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4229-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4229-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In this review, we discuss a range of techniques, including remote sensing, for identifying groundwater-dependent ecosystems and determining rates of water use by GDEs. In addition, gravity recovery satellite data are discussed in relation to changes in soil and groundwater stores. Ecophysiological and structural attributes of GDEs are reviewed, from which we present an integrated ecosystem-scale response as a function of differences in depth-to-groundwater.
G. Goyenola, M. Meerhoff, F. Teixeira-de Mello, I. González-Bergonzoni, D. Graeber, C. Fosalba, N. Vidal, N. Mazzeo, N. B. Ovesen, E. Jeppesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4099–4111, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Climate and hydrology are relevant control factors determining the timing and amount of nutrient losses from land to aquatic systems, in particular of phosphorus (P) from agricultural lands. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the differences in P export patterns and the performance of alternative monitoring strategies in streams under contrasting climate-driven flow regimes: temperate and stable discharge conditions (Denmark) and sub-tropical and flashy conditions (Uruguay).
N. Martínez-Carreras, C. E. Wetzel, J. Frentress, L. Ector, J. J. McDonnell, L. Hoffmann, and L. Pfister
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3133–3151, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3133-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3133-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We tested the hypothesis that different diatom species assemblages inhabit specific moisture domains of the catchment and, consequently, the presence of certain species assemblages in the stream during runoff events offers the potential for recording whether there was hydrological connectivity between these domains or not. In the Weierbach catchment, the transport of aerial diatoms during events suggested a rapid connectivity between the soil surface and the stream.
G. Cassiani, J. Boaga, D. Vanella, M. T. Perri, and S. Consoli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2213–2225, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2213-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2213-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The paper presents an integrated approach to monitoring root water uptake and link this information to the plant transpiration measured by sap flow and eddy covariance. The monitoring of soil conditions is achieved using 3-D electrical resistivity tomography. This ensemble of data can be used jointly to model the soil-plant interactions and identify the extent and efficiency of the root zone in front of existing irrigation schemes. A case study is presented regarding an orange orchard in Sicily.
R. G. Anderson, D. Wang, R. Tirado-Corbalá, H. Zhang, and J. E. Ayars
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 583–599, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-583-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-583-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Evapotranspiration (ET) was measured and compared to reference ET over irrigated sugarcane in Hawaii, USA: reference ET increasingly diverged from measured ET with higher wind conditions; custom bulk canopy resistance improved reference ET observations; the Priestley-Taylor equation performed better than reference ET to estimate actual ET; bulk canopy resistance was over 150 s/m, but there was no evidence of water stress in the field.
Cited articles
Arias, R. M., Heredia, G., Sosa, V., and Fuentes-Ramírez, L. E.: Diversity and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores under different coffee production systems and in a tropical montane cloud forest
patch in Veracruz, Mexico, Agroforest. Syst., 85, 179–193,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9414-3, 2012.
Augé, R. M.: Arbuscular mycorrhizae and soil/plant water relations, Can.
J. Soil Sci., 84, 373–381, https://doi.org/10.4141/S04-002, 2004.
Baca, M., Läderach, P., Haggar, J., Schroth, G., and Ovalle, O.: An integrated framework for assessing vulnerability to climate change and
developing adaptation strategies for coffee growing families in Mesoamerica, PLoS ONE, 9, e88463, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0088463, 2014.
Báez, A. P., Padilla, H., Cervantes, J., Pereyra, D., and Belmont, R.:
Rainwater chemistry at the eastern flanks of the Sierra Madre Oriental, Veracruz, Mexico, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 102, 23329–23336, 1997.
Baker, P. S. and Haggar, J.: Global warming: the impact on global coffee, in:
SCAA Conference Handout, Long Beach, USA, 2007.
Barbeta, A., Mejia-Chang, M., Ogaya, R., Voltas, J., Dawson, T. E., and
Peñuelas, J.: The combined effects of a long-term experimental drought
and an extreme drought on the use of plant-water sources in a Mediterranean
forest, Global Change Biol., 21, 1213–1225, https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12785, 2015.
Barbeta, A., Jones, S. M., Clavé, L., Wingate, L., Gimeno, T. E., Fréjaville, B., Wohl, S., and Ogée, J.: Unexplained hydrogen isotope
offsets complicate the identification and quantification of tree water
sources in a riparian forest, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2129–2146,
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2129-2019, 2019.
Beer, J., Muschler, R., Kass, D., and Somarriba, E.: Shade management in
coffee and cacao plantations, Agroforest. Syst., 38, 139–164,
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005956528316, 1998.
Beyer, M., Hamutoko, J. T., Wanke, H., Gaja, M., and Koeniger, P.: Examination of deep root water uptake using anomalies of soil water stable
isotopes, depth-controlled isotopic labeling and mixing models, J. Hydrol., 566, 122–136, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.08.060, 2018.
Bray, R. H. and Kurtz, L.: Determination of total, organic, and available forms of phosphorus in soils, Soil Sci., 59, 39–46, 1945.
Bunn, C., Läderach, P., Ovalle Rivera, O., and Kirschke, D.: A bitter cup: climate change profile of global production of Arabica and Robusta coffee, Climatic Change, 129, 89–101, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-014-1306-x, 2015.
Cannavo, P., Sansoulet, J., Harmand, J.-M., Siles, P., Dreyer, E., and Vaast, P.: Agroforestry associating coffee and Inga densiflora results complementarity for water uptake and decreases deep drainage in Costa Rica,
Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 140, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AGEE.2010.11.005, 2011.
Cannell, M. G. R., Van Noordwijk, M., and Ong, C. K.: The central agroforestry hypothesis: the trees must acquire resources that the crop would not otherwise acquire, Agroforest. Syst., 34, 27–31, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00129630, 1996.
Cernusak, L. A., Farquhar, G. D., and Pate, J. S.: Environmental and physiological controls over oxygen and carbon isotope composition of Tasmanian blue gum, Eucalyptus globulus, Tree Physiol., 25, 129–146, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.2.129, 2005.
Chen, G., Auerswald, K., and Schnyder, H.: 2H and 18O depletion of water close to organic surfaces, Biogeosciences, 13, 3175–3186, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-3175-2016, 2016.
Dansgaard, W.: Stable isotopes in precipitation, Tellus, 16, 436–468,
https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v16i4.8993, 1964.
Dawson, T. E., Mambelli, S., Plamboeck, A. H., Templer, P. H., and Tu, K. P.:
Stable Isotopes in Plant Ecology, Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst., 33, 507–559,
https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095451, 2002.
Digital Globe: QuickBird Satellite Image of central Veracruz, available at: https://gbdxdocs.digitalglobe.com/docs/quickbird (last access: 30 January 2014), 2010.
Ellsworth, P. Z. and Sternberg, L. S.: Seasonal water use by deciduous and
evergreen woody species in a scrub community is based on water availability
and root distribution, Ecohydrology, 8, 538–551, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1523, 2015.
Escamilla, P. E., Ruiz, R. O., Díaz, P. G., Landeros, S. C., Platas, R. D. E., Zamarripa, C. A., and González, H. V. A.: El agroecosistema café orgánico en México, Manejo Integrado de Plagas y
Agroecología, 76, 5–16, 2005.
Evaristo, J., McDonnell, J. J., and Clemens, J.: Plant source water apportionment using stable isotopes: A comparison of simple linear, two-compartment mixing model approaches, Hydrol. Process., 31, 3750–3758,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11233, 2017.
Gaj, M. and McDonnell, J. J.: Possible soil tension controls on the isotopic
equilibrium fractionation factor for evaporation from soil, Hydrol. Process., 33, 1629–1634, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13418, 2019.
Gaj, M., Kaufhold, S., Koeniger, P., Beyer, M., Weiler, M., and Himmelsbach,
T.: Mineral mediated isotope fractionation of soil water, Rapid Commun. Mass
Spectrom., 31, 269–280, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.7787, 2017.
Gao, X., Liud, Z., Zhao, X., Ling, Q., Huo, G., and Wu, P.: Extreme natural
drought enhances interspecific facilitation in semiarid agroforestry systems, Agr. Forest. Meteorol., 265, 444–453, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2018.07.001, 2018.
García, E.: Modificaciones al sistema de clasificación climática de Köppen, Offset Larios, México, D. F., México, 217 pp., 1988.
Gelman, A., Carlin, J. B., Stern, H. S., Dunson, D. B., Vehtari, A., and Rubin, D. B.: Bayesian Data Analysis, Taylor and Francis Group, London, UK, 2014.
Giorgi, F.: Climate change hot-spots, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L08707,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2006GL025734, 2006.
Greenberg, R., Bichier, P., and Sterling, J.: Bird populations in rustic and
planted shade coffee plantations of eastern Chiapas, Mexico, Biotropica, 29,
501–514, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7429.1997.tb00044.x, 1997.
Hamel, P., Riveros-Iregui, D., Ballari, D., Browning, T., Célleri, R., Chandler, D., Chun, K. P., Destouni, G., Jacobs, S., Jasechko, S., Johnson, M., Krishnaswamy, J., Poca, M., Vieira Pompeu, P., and Rocha, H.: Watershed services in the humid tropics: Opportunities from recent advances in ecohydrology, Ecohydrology, 11, e1921, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1921, 2018.
Hernández-Martínez, G., Manson, R. H., and Contreras-Hernández, A.: Quantitative classification of coffee agroecosystems spanning a range of
production intensities in central Veracruz, Mexico, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 134, 89–98, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2009.05.020, 2009.
Hernández-Martínez, G., Escamilla-Femat, S., Velázquez-Premio, T., and Martínez-Marín, J. L.: Análisis de la cadena de suministro del café en el centro de Veracruz: situación actual, retos y oportunidades, in: Cafeticultura en la zona centro del estado de Veracruz: diagnóstico, productividad y servicios ambientales, edited by:
López-Morgado, R., Sosa-Fernández, V., Díaz-Padilla, G., and
Contreras-Hernández, H. A., INIFAP, México, 8–36, 2013.
Holwerda, F., Bruijnzeel, L. A., Barradas, V. L., and Cervantes, J.: The water and energy exchange of a shaded coffee plantation in the lower montane cloud forest zone of central Veracruz, Mexico, Agr. Forest. Meteorol., 172, 1–13, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2012.12.015, 2013.
Holwerda, F., Alvarado-Barrientos, M. S., and González-Martínez, T. M.: Surface energy exchange in a tropical montane cloud forest environment: Flux partitioning, and seasonal and land cover-related variations, Agr. Forest. Meteorol., 228–229, 13–28, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2016.06.011, 2016.
Huxley, P. A., Patel, R. Z., Kabaara, A. M., and Mitchell, H. W.: Tracer studies with 32P on the distribution of functional roots of Arabica coffee in Kenya, Ann. Appl. Biol., 77, 159–180, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1974.tb06883.x, 1974.
Jha, S., Bacon, C. M., Philpott, S. M., Méndez, V. E., Laederach, P., and
Rice, R. A.: Shade coffee: Update on a disappearing refuge for biodiversity,
BioScience, 64, 416–428, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biu038, 2014.
Karmalkar, A. V., Bradley, R. S., and Diaz, H. F.: Climate change in Central
America and Mexico: regional climate model validation and climate change
projections, Clim. Dynam., 37, 605–629, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-011-1099-9, 2011.
Kellermann, J. L., Johnson, M. D., Stercho, A. M., and Hackett, S. C.:
Ecological and economic services provided by birds on Jamaican blue mountain
coffee farms, Conserv. Biol., 22, 1177–1185, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2008.00968.x, 2008.
Lehmann, J.: Subsoil root activity in tree-based cropping systems, Plant Soil, 255, 319–321, 2003.
Lin, Y., Horita, J., and Abe, O.: Adsorption isotope effects of water on
mesoporous silica and alumina with implications for the land-vegetation-atmosphere system, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 223, 520–536, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2017.12.021, 2018.
López Andrade, S. A., Mazzafera, P., Schiavinato, M. A., and Silveira, P. D.: Arbuscular mycorrhizal association in coffee, J. Agric. Sci., 147,
105–115, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859608008344, 2009.
Marchal, J. and Palma, R.: Análisis gráfico de un espacio regional:
Veracruz, INIREB/ORSTOM, México, Xalapa, Veracruz, 220 pp., 1985.
Mas, A. H. and Dietsch, T. V.: Linking shade coffee certification to biodiversity conservation: butterflies and birds in Chiapas, Mexico, Ecol.
Appl., 14, 642–654, https://doi.org/10.1890/02-5225, 2004.
Meißner, M., Köhler, M., Schwendenmann, L., Hölscher, D., and
Dyckmans, J.: Soil water uptake by trees using water stable isotopes
(δ2H and δ18O) – a method test regarding soil
moisture, texture and carbonate, Plant Soil, 376, 327–335,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1970-z, 2014.
Moguel, P. and Toledo, V. M.: Biodiversity conservation in traditional coffee systems of Mexico, Conserv. Biol., 13, 11–21, https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.97153.x, 1999.
Monteith, J. L., Ong, C. K., and Corlett, J. E.: Microclimatic interactions in agroforestry systems, Forest. Ecol. Manage., 45, 31–44,
https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-1127(91)90204-9, 1991.
Moore, J. W. and Semmens, B. X.: Incorporating uncertainty and prior information into stable isotope mixing models, Ecol. Lett., 11, 470–480,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2008.01163.x, 2008.
Muleta, D., Assefa, F., Nemomissa, S., and Granhall, U.: Distribution of
arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spores in soils in smallholder agroforestry and
monocultural coffee systems in southwestern Ethiopia, Biol. Fert. Soils, 44, 653–659, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00374-007-0261-3, 2008.
Muñoz-Villers, L. E., Holwerda, F., Alvarado-Barrientos, M. S., Geissert,
D. R., and Dawson, T. E.: Reduced dry season transpiration is coupled with
shallow soil water use in tropical montane forest trees, Oecologia, 188,
303–317, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-018-4209-0, 2018.
Muñoz-Villers, L. E., Geris, J., Alvarado Barrientos, M. S., Holwerda, F., and Dawson, T.: La Orduña Shade Coffee Plantation. Mexico, Hydrometeorological and Water Stable Isotope Data, Knowledge Network for Biocomplexity, https://doi.org/10.5063/F1MS3R3J, 2020.
Nath, C., Pélissier, R., Ramesh, B., and García, C.: Promoting native trees in shade coffee plantations of southern India: comparison of growth rates with the exotic Grevillea robusta, Agroforest. Syst., 83, 107–119, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-011-9401-8, 2011.
Oerter, E., Finstad, K., Schaefer, J., Goldsmith, G. R., Dawson, T., and
Amundson, R.: Oxygen isotope fractionation effects in soil water via interaction with cations (Mg, Ca, K, Na) adsorbed to phyllosilicate clay
minerals, J. Hydrol., 515, 1–9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.029, 2014.
Orlowski, N., Breuer, L., and Mcdonnell, J. J.: Critical issues with cryogenic extraction of soil water for stable isotope analysis, Ecohydrology,
9, 3–10, https://doi.org/10.1002/eco.1722, 2016a.
Orlowski, N., Pratt, D. L., and McDonnell, J. J.: Intercomparison of soil pore water extraction methods for stable isotope analysis, Hydrol. Process., 30, 3434–3449, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10870, 2016b.
Oshun, J., Dietrich, W. E., Dawson, T. E., and Fung, I.: Dynamic, structured
heterogeneity of water isotopes inside hillslopes, Water Resour. Res., 52,
164–189, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017485, 2016.
Padovan, M. P., Cortez, V. J., Navarrete, L. F., Navarrete, E. D., Deffner, A. C., Centeno, L. G., Munguía, R., Barrios, M., Vílchez-Mendoza, J. S., Vega-Jarquín, C., Costa, A. N., Brook, R. M., and Rapidel, B.: Root
distribution and water use in coffee shaded with Tabebuia rosea Bertol. and
Simarouba glauca DC. compared to full sun coffee in sub-optimal environmental conditions, Agroforest. Syst., 89, 857–868, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-015-9820-z, 2015.
Padovan, M. P., Brook, R. M., Barrios, M., Cruz-Castillo, J. B.,
Vilchez-Mendoza, S. J., Costa, A. N., and Rapidel, B.: Water loss by transpiration and soil evaporation in coffee shaded by Tabebuia Rosea Bertol. and Simarouba Glauca Dc. Compared to unshaded coffee in sub-optimal environmental conditions, Agr. Forest. Meteorol., 248, 1–14,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.08.036, 2018.
Parnell, A. C., Inger, R., Bearhop, S., and Jackson, A. L.: Source partitioning using stable isotopes: Coping with too much variation, PloS One,
5, e9672, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009672, 2010.
Penna, D., Hopp, L., Scandellari, F., Allen, S. T., Benettin, P., Beyer, M.,
Geris, J., Klaus, J., Marshall, J. D., Schwendenmann, L., Volkmann, T. H. M.,
von Freyberg, J., Amin, A., Ceperley, N., Engel, M., Frentress, J., Giambastiani, Y., McDonnell, J. J., Zuecco, G., Llorens, P., Siegwolf, R. T. W., Dawson, T. E.n and Kirchner, J. W.: Ideas and perspectives: Tracing
terrestrial ecosystem water fluxes using hydrogen and oxygen stable isotopes
– challenges and opportunities from an interdisciplinary perspective,
Biogeosciences, 15, 6399–6415, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-6399-2018, 2018.
Perea Rojas, Y., Arias, R. M., Medel Ortiz, R., Trejo Aguilar, D., Heredia, G., and Rodríguez, Y.: Effects of native arbuscular mycorrhizal and
phosphate-solubilizing fungi on coffee plants, Agroforest. Syst., 93,
961–972, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-018-0190-1 2019.
Perfecto, I., Mas, A., Dietsch, T., and Vandermeer, J.: Conservation of
biodiversity in coffee agroecosystems: a tri-taxa comparison in southern Mexico, Biodivers. Conserv., 12, 1239–1252, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023039921916, 2002.
Perfecto, I., Armbrecht, I., Philpott, S. M., Soto-Pinto, L., and Dietsch, T. M.: Shaded coffee and the stability of rainforest margins in northern Latin America, in: The Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margins, Linking Ecological, Economic and Social Constraints of Land Use and Conservation,
Environmental Science Series, edited by: Tscharntke, T., Leuschner, C., Zeller, M., Guhadja, E., and Bidin, A., Springer Verlag, Berlin, 227–264, 2007.
R Development Core Team: A language and environment for statistical computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, ISBN 3-900051-07-0, available at: http://www.R-proje ct.org, last access: 30 April 2016.
Renard, M. C.: The Mexican coffee crisis, Lat. Am. Perspect., 37, 21–23,
https://doi.org/10.1177/0094582X09356956, 2010.
Rice, R. A.: Coffee in the crosshairs of climate change: agroforestry as abates, Agroecol. Sust. Food, 42, 1058–1076, https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2018.1476428, 2018.
Rodríguez, S. R., Morales-Barrera, W., Layer, P., and González-Mercado, E.: A quaternary monogenetic volcanic field in the
Xalapa region, Eastern Trans-Mexican volcanic belt: Geology, distribution
and morphology of the volcanic vents, J. Volcanol. Geoth. Res., 197, 149–166, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2009.08.003, 2010.
Rundel, P. W., Ehleringer, J. R., and Nagy, K. A.: Stable isotopes in ecological research, in: Ecological Studies 68, Springer-Verlag, New York, 525 pp., 2012.
Schaller, M., Schroth, G., Beer, J., and Jiménez, F.: Species and site
characteristics that permit the association of fast-growing trees with
crops: the case of Eucalyptus deglupta as coffee shade in Costa Rica, Forest. Ecol. Manage., 175, 205–215, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(02)00079-8, 2003.
Scheneiger, P. and Jakobsen, I.: Laboratory and field methods for measurement of hyphal uptake of nutrients in soil, Plant Soil, 226, 237–244, https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1026578018230, 2000.
Schroth, G., Rodrigues, M. R. L., and D'Angelo, S. A.: Spatial patterns of
nitrogen mineralization, fertilizer distribution and roots explain nitrate
leaching from mature Amazonian oil palm plantation, Soil Use Manage., 16,
222–229, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-2743.2000.tb00197.x, 2000.
Schroth, G., Laderach, P., Dempewolf, J., Philpott, S., Haggar, J., Eakin, H., Castillejos, T., Garcia Moreno, J., Soto Pinto, L., Hernandez, R., Eitzinger, A., and Ramirez-Villegas, J.: Towards a climate change adaptation
strategy for coffee communities and ecosystems in the Sierra Madre de
Chiapas, Mexico, Mitig. Adapt. Strat. Gl., 14, 605–625, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-009-9186-5, 2009.
SMN: Climatic Normals Published on the Website of the National Weather
Service of Mexico, available at: http://smn.cna.gob.mx/ (last access: 16 April 2018), 2014.
Stock, B. C. and Semmens, B. X.: MixSIAR GUI user manual, Version 3.1, available at: https://githu b.com/brian stock /MixSI AR/, last access: 14 May 2017.
Tscharntke, T., Clough, Y., Bhagwat, S. A., Buchori, D., Faust, H., Hertel,
D., Hölscher, D., Juhrbandt, J., Kessler, M., Perfecto, I., and Scherber,
C.: Multifunctional shade-tree management in tropical agroforestry
landscapes – a review, J. Appl. Ecol., 48, 619–629,
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2010.01939.x, 2011.
USDA: PSD Online – Home, in: Production, Supply and Distribution Online, available at: http://www.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/, last access: 14 May 2018.
Vaast, P., Harmand, J.-M., Rapidel, B., Jagoret, P., and Deheuvels, O.: Coffee and Cocoa Production in Agroforestry-A Climate-Smart Agriculture Model, in: Climate Change and Agriculture Worldwide, edited by: Torquebiau,
E., Springer, Dordrecht, the Netherlands, 209–224, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7462-8_16, 2016.
van Kanten, R., Schroth, G., Beer, J., and Jiménez, F.: Fine-root dynamics of coffee in association with two shade trees in Costa Rica,
Agroforest. Syst., 63, 247–261, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10457-005-4163-9, 2005.
van Noordwijk, M., Lawson, G., Hairiah, K., and Wilson, J.: Root distribution of trees and crops: competition and/or complementarity, in: Tree-crop interactions: agroforestry in a changing climate, edited by: Ong, C. K., Black, C. R., and Wilson, J., CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1–44, 2015.
Van Reeuwijk, L. P.: Procedures for soil analysis. International Soil Reference and Information Centre, ISRIC, FAO, Wageningen, 2002.
Vidal, O. and Dubacq, B.: Thermodynamic modelling of clay dehydration, stability and compositional evolution with temperature, pressure and H2O activity, Geochim. Cosmochim., Ac., 73, 6544–6564,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2009.07.035, 2009.
Viessman, W., Lewis, G. L., and Knapp, J. W.: Introduction to Hydrology,
Harper Collins, New York, 612 pp., 1989.
Villers, L., Arizpe, N., Orellana, R., Conde, C., and Hernández, J.:
Impactos del cambio climático en la floración y desarrollo del fruto
del café en Veracruz, México, Interciencia, 34, 322–329, 2009.
West, A. G., Patrickson, S. J., and Ehleringer, J. R.: Water extraction times
for plant and soil materials used in stable isotope analysis, Rapid Commun.
Mass Spectrom., 20, 1317–1321, https://doi.org/10.1002/rcm.2456, 2006.
Wu, J., Liu, W., and Chen, C.: Can intercropping with the world's three major beverage plants help improve the water use of rubber trees? J. Appl. Ecol., 53, 1787–1799, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12730, 2016.
Short summary
Our research showed, consistently, a complementary use of soil water sources between coffee (Coffea Arabica var. typica) plants and shade tree species during the dry and wet seasons in a traditional agroforestry ecosystem in central Veracruz, Mexico. However, more variability in plant water sources was observed among species in the rainy season when higher soil moisture conditions were present and water stress was largely absent.
Our research showed, consistently, a complementary use of soil water sources between coffee...
