Articles | Volume 27, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1261-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1261-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
22 Mar 2023
Research article |
| 22 Mar 2023
| 22 Mar 2023
Seasonal variation and release of soluble reactive phosphorus in an agricultural upland headwater in central Germany
Department Aquatic Ecosystem Analysis, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for
Environmental Research, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
Institute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of
Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24-25, Potsdam, 14476 Golm, Germany
Jörg Tittel
Department of Lake Research, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental
Research, Brückstr. 3a, 39114 Magdeburg, Germany
Frido Reinstorf
Department for Water, Environment, Construction and Safety,
Magdeburg–Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Breitscheidstr. 2, 39114
Magdeburg, Germany
Michael Schubert
Department Catchment Hydrology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for
Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
Kay Knöller
Department Catchment Hydrology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for
Environmental Research, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
Benjamin Gilfedder
Department of Hydrology, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
Florian Merensky-Pöhlein
Department for Water, Environment, Construction and Safety,
Magdeburg–Stendal University of Applied Sciences, Breitscheidstr. 2, 39114
Magdeburg, Germany
Andreas Musolff
Department of Hydrogeology, UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for
Environmental Research, Permoserstr. 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
Related authors
Matthias Koschorreck, Norbert Kamjunke, Uta Koedel, Michael Rode, Claudia Schuetze, and Ingeborg Bussmann
Biogeosciences, 21, 1613–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different sites at the river Elbe in Germany over 3 days to find out what is more important for quantification: small-scale spatial variability or diurnal temporal variability. We found that CO2 emissions were very different between day and night, while CH4 emissions were more different between sites. Dried out river sediments contributed to CO2 emissions, while the side areas of the river were important CH4 sources.
Carolin Winter, Tam V. Nguyen, Andreas Musolff, Stefanie R. Lutz, Michael Rode, Rohini Kumar, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 303–318, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-303-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-303-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The increasing frequency of severe and prolonged droughts threatens our freshwater resources. While we understand drought impacts on water quantity, its effects on water quality remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the impact of the unprecedented 2018–2019 drought in Central Europe on nitrate export in a heterogeneous mesoscale catchment in Germany. We show that severe drought can reduce a catchment's capacity to retain nitrogen, intensifying the internal pollution and export of nitrate.
Jingshui Huang, Dietrich Borchardt, and Michael Rode
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5817–5833, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5817-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5817-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we set up a water quality model using a 5-year paired high-frequency water quality dataset from a large agricultural stream. The simulations were compared with the 15 min interval measurements and showed very good fits. Based on these, we quantified the N uptake pathway rates and efficiencies at daily, seasonal, and yearly scales. This study offers an overarching understanding of N processing in large agricultural streams across different temporal scales.
Rémi Dupas, Andreas Musolff, James W. Jawitz, P. Suresh C. Rao, Christoph G. Jäger, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Michael Rode, and Dietrich Borchardt
Biogeosciences, 14, 4391–4407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and nutrient export regimes were analyzed from archetypal headwater catchments to
downstream reaches. In headwater catchments, land use and lithology determine
land-to-stream C, N and P transfer processes. The crucial role of riparian
zones in C, N and P coupling was investigated. In downstream reaches,
point-source contributions and in-stream processes alter C, N and P export
regimes.
Julia Vanessa Kunz, Michael D. Annable, Jaehyun Cho, Wolf von Tümpling, Kirk Hatfield, Suresh Rao, Dietrich Borchardt, and Michael Rode
Biogeosciences, 14, 631–649, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The hyporheic zone, the subsurface region of streams, is a key compartment for in-stream nutrient retention. Knowledge on actual hyporheic processing rates is still limited due to methodological restrictions which are mainly related to the high local and temporal variability of subsurface flow patterns and nutrient transformation processes. We present a new device which allows quantitative assessment of hyporheic nutrient fluxes and demonstrate its advantages in an exemplary field testing.
Christina Franziska Radtke, Xiaoqiang Yang, Christin Müller, Jarno Rouhiainen, Ralf Merz, Stefanie R. Lutz, Paolo Benettin, Hong Wei, and Kay Knöller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-109, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-109, 2024
Preprint under review for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
Most studies assume no difference between transit times of water and nitrate, because nitrate is transported by water. With an 8-year high-frequency dataset of isotopic signatures of both, water and nitrate, and a transit time model, we show the temporal varying difference of nitrate and water transit times. This finding is highly relevant for applied future research related to nutrient dynamics in landscapes under anthropogenic forcing and for managing impacts of nitrate on aquatic ecosystems.
Matthias Koschorreck, Norbert Kamjunke, Uta Koedel, Michael Rode, Claudia Schuetze, and Ingeborg Bussmann
Biogeosciences, 21, 1613–1628, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-21-1613-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We measured the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) from different sites at the river Elbe in Germany over 3 days to find out what is more important for quantification: small-scale spatial variability or diurnal temporal variability. We found that CO2 emissions were very different between day and night, while CH4 emissions were more different between sites. Dried out river sediments contributed to CO2 emissions, while the side areas of the river were important CH4 sources.
Carolin Winter, Tam V. Nguyen, Andreas Musolff, Stefanie R. Lutz, Michael Rode, Rohini Kumar, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 303–318, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-303-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-303-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The increasing frequency of severe and prolonged droughts threatens our freshwater resources. While we understand drought impacts on water quantity, its effects on water quality remain largely unknown. Here, we studied the impact of the unprecedented 2018–2019 drought in Central Europe on nitrate export in a heterogeneous mesoscale catchment in Germany. We show that severe drought can reduce a catchment's capacity to retain nitrogen, intensifying the internal pollution and export of nitrate.
Felipe A. Saavedra, Andreas Musolff, Jana von Freyberg, Ralf Merz, Stefano Basso, and Larisa Tarasova
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 6227–6245, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6227-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-6227-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Nitrate contamination of rivers from agricultural sources is a challenge for water quality management. During runoff events, different transport paths within the catchment might be activated, generating a variety of responses in nitrate concentration in stream water. Using nitrate samples from 184 German catchments and a runoff event classification, we show that hydrologic connectivity during runoff events is a key control of nitrate transport from catchments to streams in our study domain.
Jingshui Huang, Dietrich Borchardt, and Michael Rode
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5817–5833, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5817-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5817-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we set up a water quality model using a 5-year paired high-frequency water quality dataset from a large agricultural stream. The simulations were compared with the 15 min interval measurements and showed very good fits. Based on these, we quantified the N uptake pathway rates and efficiencies at daily, seasonal, and yearly scales. This study offers an overarching understanding of N processing in large agricultural streams across different temporal scales.
Jie Yang, Qiaoyu Wang, Ingo Heidbüchel, Chunhui Lu, Yueqing Xie, Andreas Musolff, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5051–5068, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5051-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5051-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We assessed the effect of catchment topographic slopes on the nitrate export dynamics in terms of the nitrogen mass fluxes and concentration level using a coupled surface–subsurface model. We found that flatter landscapes tend to retain more nitrogen mass in the soil and export less nitrogen mass to the stream, explained by the reduced leaching and increased potential of degradation in flat landscapes. We emphasized that stream water quality is potentially less vulnerable in flatter landscapes.
Pia Ebeling, Rohini Kumar, Stefanie R. Lutz, Tam Nguyen, Fanny Sarrazin, Michael Weber, Olaf Büttner, Sabine Attinger, and Andreas Musolff
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 3715–3741, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3715-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-3715-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Environmental data are critical for understanding and managing ecosystems, including the mitigation of water quality degradation. To increase data availability, we present the first large-sample water quality data set (QUADICA) of riverine macronutrient concentrations combined with water quantity, meteorological, and nutrient forcing data as well as catchment attributes. QUADICA covers 1386 German catchments to facilitate large-sample data-driven and modeling water quality assessments.
Joni Dehaspe, Fanny Sarrazin, Rohini Kumar, Jan H. Fleckenstein, and Andreas Musolff
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6437–6463, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6437-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6437-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Increased nitrate concentrations in surface waters can compromise river ecosystem health. As riverine nitrate uptake is hard to measure, we explore how low-frequency nitrate concentration and discharge observations (that are widely available) can help to identify (in)efficient uptake in river networks. We find that channel geometry and water velocity rather than the biological uptake capacity dominate the nitrate-discharge pattern at the outlet. The former can be used to predict uptake.
Benedikt J. Werner, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld, Andreas Musolff, Gerrit H. de Rooij, Jie Yang, Ralf Gründling, Ulrike Werban, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6067–6086, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6067-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6067-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Export of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from riparian zones (RZs) is an important yet poorly understood component of the catchment carbon budget. This study chemically and spatially classifies DOC source zones within a RZ of a small catchment to assess DOC export patterns. Results highlight that DOC export from only a small fraction of the RZ with distinct DOC composition dominates overall DOC export. The application of a spatial, topographic proxy can be used to improve DOC export models.
Katharina Blaurock, Burkhard Beudert, Benjamin S. Gilfedder, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Stefan Peiffer, and Luisa Hopp
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5133–5151, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5133-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is an important part of the global carbon cycle with regards to carbon storage, greenhouse gas emissions and drinking water treatment. In this study, we compared DOC export of a small, forested catchment during precipitation events after dry and wet preconditions. We found that the DOC export from areas that are usually important for DOC export was inhibited after long drought periods.
Timea Katona, Benjamin Silas Gilfedder, Sven Frei, Matthias Bücker, and Adrian Flores-Orozco
Biogeosciences, 18, 4039–4058, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4039-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-4039-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used electrical geophysical methods to map variations in the rates of microbial activity within a wetland. Our results show that the highest electrical conductive and capacitive properties relate to the highest concentrations of phosphates, carbon, and iron; thus, we can use them to characterize the geometry of the biogeochemically active areas or hotspots.
Ingo Heidbüchel, Jie Yang, Andreas Musolff, Peter Troch, Ty Ferré, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2895–2920, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2895-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2895-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
With the help of a 3-D computer model we examined how long the water of different rain events stays inside small catchments before it is discharged and how the nature of this discharge is controlled by different catchment and climate properties. We found that one can only predict the discharge dynamics when taking into account a combination of catchment and climate properties (i.e., there was not one single most important predictor). Our results can help to manage water pollution events.
Benedikt J. Werner, Andreas Musolff, Oliver J. Lechtenfeld, Gerrit H. de Rooij, Marieke R. Oosterwoud, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Biogeosciences, 16, 4497–4516, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4497-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-4497-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration in streams can pose a threat to downstream water resources. Analyzing data from an in-stream probe we found that hydroclimatic and hydrological drivers can describe up to 72 % of the observed DOC concentration and composition variability. Variability was found to be highest during discharge events with warm and dry preconditions. The findings suggest an impact of climate change on DOC exports and thus also on downstream water quality.
Sophie Ehrhardt, Rohini Kumar, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Sabine Attinger, and Andreas Musolff
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3503–3524, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3503-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3503-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This study shows quantitative and temporal offsets between nitrogen input and riverine output, using time series of three nested catchments in central Germany. The riverine concentrations show lagged reactions to the input, but at the same time exhibit strong inter-annual changes in the relationship between riverine discharge and concentration. The study found a strong retention of nitrogen that is dominantly assigned to a hydrological N legacy, which will affect future stream concentrations.
Nnenesi A. Kgabi, Eliot Atekwana, Johanna Ithindi, Martha Uugwanga, Kay Knoeller, Lebogang Motsei, Manny Mathuthu, Gideon Kalumbu, Hilma R. Amwele, and Rian Uusizi
Proc. IAHS, 378, 93–98, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-378-93-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/piahs-378-93-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
High salinity in the groundwater of Cuvelai-Etosha Basin is caused by the weathering of Kalahari sediments, not the evaporation of water on surface prior to groundwater recharge. Low salinity in the Kuiseb Basin derives from rapid recharge by unevaporated rain and limited weathering of the crystalline rocks. Thus, groundwater quality in the two Basins is controlled by water-rock interaction at the surface and in the groundwater aquifer.
Rémi Dupas, Andreas Musolff, James W. Jawitz, P. Suresh C. Rao, Christoph G. Jäger, Jan H. Fleckenstein, Michael Rode, and Dietrich Borchardt
Biogeosciences, 14, 4391–4407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Carbon and nutrient export regimes were analyzed from archetypal headwater catchments to
downstream reaches. In headwater catchments, land use and lithology determine
land-to-stream C, N and P transfer processes. The crucial role of riparian
zones in C, N and P coupling was investigated. In downstream reaches,
point-source contributions and in-stream processes alter C, N and P export
regimes.
Julia Vanessa Kunz, Michael D. Annable, Jaehyun Cho, Wolf von Tümpling, Kirk Hatfield, Suresh Rao, Dietrich Borchardt, and Michael Rode
Biogeosciences, 14, 631–649, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-631-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The hyporheic zone, the subsurface region of streams, is a key compartment for in-stream nutrient retention. Knowledge on actual hyporheic processing rates is still limited due to methodological restrictions which are mainly related to the high local and temporal variability of subsurface flow patterns and nutrient transformation processes. We present a new device which allows quantitative assessment of hyporheic nutrient fluxes and demonstrate its advantages in an exemplary field testing.
Carlos Rocha, Cristina Veiga-Pires, Jan Scholten, Kay Knoeller, Darren R. Gröcke, Liliana Carvalho, Jaime Anibal, and Jean Wilson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3077–3098, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3077-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3077-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We combine radon and stable isotopes in water to determine total submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) in the Ria Formosa and discriminate its component modes. We show that tidal action filters the entire water volume in the lagoon through local beaches 3.5 times a year, driving an estimated 350Ton nitrogen/year into the system. Conversely, fresh groundwater is discharged into the lagoon only occasionally, adding ~ 61 Ton nitrogen/year, but is capable of driving new production in the system.
A. P. Atkinson, I. Cartwright, B. S. Gilfedder, D. I. Cendón, N. P. Unland, and H. Hofmann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4951–4964, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4951-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4951-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
This research article uses of radiogenic isotopes, stable isotopes and groundwater geochemistry to study groundwater age and recharge processes in the Gellibrand Valley, a relatively unstudied catchment and potential groundwater resource. The valley is found to contain both "old", regionally recharged groundwater (300-10,000 years) in the near-river environment, and modern groundwater (0-100 years old) further back on the floodplain. There is no recharge of the groundwater by high river flows.
Related subject area
Subject: Catchment hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
Thermal Regime of High Arctic Tundra Ponds, Nanuit Itillinga (Polar Bear Pass), Nunavut, Canada
Impacts of hydrofacies geometry designed from seismic refraction tomography on estimated hydrogeophysical variables
Seasonal dynamics and spatial patterns of soil moisture in a loess catchment
Effects of urbanization on the water cycle in the Shiyang River basin: based on a stable isotope method
Using high-frequency solute synchronies to determine simple two-end-member mixing in catchments during storm events
Isotopic variations in surface waters and groundwaters of an extremely arid basin and their responses to climate change
Seasonal variation and influence factors of river water isotopes in the East Asian monsoon region: a case study in the Xiangjiang River basin spanning 13 hydrological years
El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-driven hypersedimentation in the Poechos Reservoir, northern Peru
Isotope-derived young water fractions in streamflow across the tropical Andes mountains and Amazon floodplain
Exploring the provenance of information across Canadian hydrometric stations: Implications for discharge estimation and uncertainty quantification
Adaptively monitoring streamflow using a stereo computer vision system
Technical Note: Combining undisturbed soil monoliths for hydrological indoor experiments
Hydrodynamics of a high Alpine catchment characterized by four natural tracers
Improving the understanding of N transport in a rural catchment under Atlantic climate conditions from the analysis of the concentration–discharge relationship derived from a high-frequency data set
Sources and mean transit times of stream water in an intermittent river system: the upper Wimmera River, southeast Australia
Bedrock depth influences spatial patterns of summer baseflow, temperature and flow disconnection for mountainous headwater streams
Agricultural intensification vs. climate change: what drives long-term changes in sediment load?
Evaporation from a large lowland reservoir – observed dynamics and drivers during a warm summer
Comment on “A comparison of catchment travel times and storage deduced from deuterium and tritium tracers using StorAge Selection functions” by Rodriguez et al. (2021)
Use of water isotopes and chemistry to infer the type and degree of exchange between groundwater and lakes in an esker complex of northeastern Ontario, Canada
Technical note: Introduction of a superconducting gravimeter as novel hydrological sensor for the Alpine research catchment Zugspitze
CABra: a novel large-sample dataset for Brazilian catchments
Benefits from high-density rain gauge observations for hydrological response analysis in a small alpine catchment
Hydrologic regimes drive nitrate export behavior in human-impacted watersheds
Intensive landscape-scale remediation improves water quality of an alluvial gully located in a Great Barrier Reef catchment
Environmental DNA simultaneously informs hydrological and biodiversity characterization of an Alpine catchment
Technical note: Evaluation of a low-cost evaporation protection method for portable water samplers
New flood frequency estimates for the largest river in Norway based on the combination of short and long time series
The pulse of a montane ecosystem: coupling between daily cycles in solar flux, snowmelt, transpiration, groundwater, and streamflow at Sagehen Creek and Independence Creek, Sierra Nevada, USA
Technical note: A time-integrated sediment trap to sample diatoms for hydrological tracing
Do stream water solute concentrations reflect when connectivity occurs in a small, pre-Alpine headwater catchment?
Soil moisture sensor network design for hydrological applications
Catchment-scale drought: capturing the whole drought cycle using multiple indicators
Field-based estimation and modelling of distributed groundwater recharge in a Mediterranean karst catchment, Wadi Natuf, West Bank
Surface water as a cause of land degradation from dryland salinity
Technical note: A microcontroller-based automatic rain sampler for stable isotope studies
Controls on spatial and temporal variability in streamflow and hydrochemistry in a glacierized catchment
Open-source Arduino-compatible data loggers designed for field research
Water-use dynamics of an alien-invaded riparian forest within the summer rainfall zone of South Africa
Technical note: Mapping surface-saturation dynamics with thermal infrared imagery
Value of uncertain streamflow observations for hydrological modelling
Why has catchment evaporation increased in the past 40 years? A data-based study in Austria
Technical note: GUARD – an automated fluid sampler preventing sample alteration by contamination, evaporation and gas exchange, suitable for remote areas and harsh conditions
Hydrological processes and permafrost regulate magnitude, source and chemical characteristics of dissolved organic carbon export in a peatland catchment of northeastern China
Exploring the influence of citizen involvement on the assimilation of crowdsourced observations: a modelling study based on the 2013 flood event in the Bacchiglione catchment (Italy)
Comment on “Can assimilation of crowdsourced data in hydrological modelling improve flood prediction?” by Mazzoleni et al. (2017)
Multiconfiguration electromagnetic induction survey for paleochannel internal structure imaging: a case study in the alluvial plain of the River Seine, France
Tree-, stand- and site-specific controls on landscape-scale patterns of transpiration
The potamochemical symphony: new progress in the high-frequency acquisition of stream chemical data
Impact of snow deposition on major and trace element concentrations and elementary fluxes in surface waters of the Western Siberian Lowland across a 1700 km latitudinal gradient
Kathy L. Young and Laura C. Brown
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-297, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-297, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
This work details the temperature and related variables of several High Arctic ponds in the Nanuit Itillinga (Polar Bear Pass) National Wildlife Area through nine seasons. The ponds show much variability in their temperature patterns over time and space. Ponds normally reached 10–15 °C for parts of the summer except in 2013, a cold summer season when pond temperatures never exceeded 5 °C. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion of climate warming and its impact on Arctic landscapes.
Nolwenn Lesparre, Sylvain Pasquet, and Philippe Ackerer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 873–897, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-873-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-873-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Vertical maps of seismic velocity reflect variations of subsurface porosity. We use such images to design the geometry of subsurface compartments delimited by velocity thresholds. The obtained patterns are inserted into a hydrogeological model to test the influence of random geometries, velocity thresholds, and hydraulic parameters on data estimated from the model: the depth of the groundwater and magnetic resonance sounding is a geophysical method sensitive to subsurface water content.
Shaozhen Liu, Ilja van Meerveld, Yali Zhao, Yunqiang Wang, and James W. Kirchner
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 205–216, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-205-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-205-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We study the seasonal and spatial patterns of soil moisture in 0–500 cm soil using 89 monitoring sites in a loess catchment with monsoonal climate. Soil moisture is highest during the months of least precipitation and vice versa. Soil moisture patterns at the hillslope scale are dominated by the aspect-controlled evapotranspiration variations (a local control), not by the hillslope convergence-controlled downslope flow (a nonlocal control), under both dry and wet conditions.
Rui Li, Guofeng Zhu, Siyu Lu, Liyuan Sang, Gaojia Meng, Longhu Chen, Yinying Jiao, and Qinqin Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4437–4452, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4437-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
In semi-arid regions, the problem of water shortages is becoming more and more serious with the acceleration of urbanization. Based on isotope data and hydrometeorological data, we analysed the impact of urbanization on the water cycle of the basin. The results showed that urbanization sped up the process of rainfall runoff. The MRT got shorter from upstream to downstream, and the landscape dams that were built during urbanization made the river evaporate even more.
Nicolai Brekenfeld, Solenn Cotel, Mikaël Faucheux, Paul Floury, Colin Fourtet, Jérôme Gaillardet, Sophie Guillon, Yannick Hamon, Hocine Henine, Patrice Petitjean, Anne-Catherine Pierson-Wickmann, Marie-Claire Pierret, and Ophélie Fovet
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2214, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2214, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The proposed methodology consists of simultaneously analysing the concentration variation of any two solutes during a storm event, by plotting the concentration variation of one solute against the variation of another solute. For each solute pair and each storm event, this methodology can reveal, whether only two or whether more than two end-members contribute to the stream flow during a storm event. In consequence, conclusions can be drawn about hydro-biogeochemical processes in catchments.
Yu Zhang, Hongbing Tan, Peixin Cong, Dongping Shi, Wenbo Rao, and Xiying Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4019–4038, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4019-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4019-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Rapid climate warming creates barriers for us to investigate water resource states. Using stable and radioactive isotopes, we identified the seasonality and spatiality of the water cycle in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Climate warming/humidification accelerates the water cycle in alpine arid basins. Precipitation and meltwater infiltrate along preferential flow paths to facilitate rapid groundwater recharge. Total water resources may show an initially increasing and then decreasing trend.
Xiong Xiao, Xinping Zhang, Zhuoyong Xiao, Zhiguo Rao, Xinguang He, and Cicheng Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3783–3802, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3783-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3783-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
With the aim of improving the understanding of seasonal variations in water stable isotopes and catchment hydrological processes, we compared the temporal variations of precipitation and river water isotopes with the hydrometeorological factors in the Xiangjiang River over 13 years. Results showed that the changes in river water isotopes can be variables that reflect the seasonal variations in local environments and extreme events and may show implications for paleoclimate reconstruction.
Anthony Foucher, Sergio Morera, Michael Sanchez, Jhon Orrillo, and Olivier Evrard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3191–3204, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3191-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3191-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The current research investigated, as a representative study case, the sediment accumulated in the Poechos Reservoir (located on the west coast of northern Peru) for retrospectively reconstructing the impact on sediment dynamics (1978–2019) of extreme phases of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, land cover changes after humid periods and agricultural expansion along the riverine system.
Emily I. Burt, Daxs Herson Coayla Rimachi, Adan Julian Ccahuana Quispe, Abra Atwood, and A. Joshua West
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2883–2898, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2883-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2883-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Mountains store and release water, serving as water towers for downstream regions and affecting global sediment and carbon fluxes. We use stream and rain chemistry to calculate how much streamflow comes from recent rainfall across seven sites in the Andes mountains and the nearby Amazon lowlands. We find that the type of rock and the intensity of rainfall control water retention and release, challenging assumptions that mountain topography exerts the primary effect on watershed hydrology.
Shervan Gharari, Paul H. Whitfield, Alain Pietroniro, Jim Freer, Hongli Liu, and Martyn P. Clark
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-150, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2023-150, 2023
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
This study provides insight into the practices that are incorporated into discharge estimation across the national Canadian hydrometric network operated by the Water Survey of Canada, WSC. The procedures used to estimate and correct discharge values are not always understood by end-users. Factors such as ice cover, and sedimentation limit the ability of accurate discharge estimation. Highlighting these challenges sheds light on difficulties in discharge estimation and associated uncertainty.
Nicholas Reece Hutley, Ryan Beecroft, Daniel Wagenaar, Josh Soutar, Blake Edwards, Nathaniel Deering, Alistair Grinham, and Simon Albert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2051–2073, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2051-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2051-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Measuring flows in streams allows us to manage crucial water resources. This work shows the automated application of a dual camera computer vision stream gauging (CVSG) system for measuring streams. Comparing between state-of-the-art technologies demonstrated that camera-based methods were capable of performing within the best available error margins. CVSG offers significant benefits towards improving stream data and providing a safe way for measuring floods while adapting to changes over time.
David Ramler and Peter Strauss
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1745–1754, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1745-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1745-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Undisturbed soil monoliths combine advantages of outdoor and indoor experiments; however, there are often size limitations. A promising approach is the combination of smaller blocks to form a single large monolith. We compared the runoff properties of monoliths cut in half and recombined with uncut blocks. The effect of the combination procedure was negligible compared to the inherent soil heterogeneity, and we conclude that advantages outweigh possible adverse effects.
Anthony Michelon, Natalie Ceperley, Harsh Beria, Joshua Larsen, Torsten Vennemann, and Bettina Schaefli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1403–1430, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1403-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1403-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Streamflow generation processes in high-elevation catchments are largely influenced by snow accumulation and melt. For this work, we collected and analyzed more than 2800 water samples (temperature, electric conductivity, and stable isotopes of water) to characterize the hydrological processes in such a high Alpine environment. Our results underline the critical role of subsurface flow during all melt periods and the presence of snowmelt even during the winter periods.
María Luz Rodríguez-Blanco, María Teresa Taboada-Castro, and María Mercedes Taboada-Castro
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1243–1259, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1243-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1243-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We examine the N dynamics in an Atlantic headwater catchment in the NW Iberian Peninsula, using high-frequency measurements of NO3 and TKN (total Kjeldahl N) during runoff events. The divergence dynamics observed between N components exemplifies the complexity of and variability in NO3 and TKN processes, highlighting the need to understand dominant hydrological pathways for the development of N-specific management plans to ensure that control measures are most effective at the catchment scale.
Zibo Zhou, Ian Cartwright, and Uwe Morgenstern
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4497–4513, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4497-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4497-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Streams may receive water from different sources in their catchment. There is limited understanding of which water stores intermittent streams are connected to. Using geochemistry we show that the intermittent streams in southeast Australia are connected to younger smaller near-river water stores rather than regional groundwater. This makes these streams more vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and requires management of the riparian zone for their protection.
Martin A. Briggs, Phillip Goodling, Zachary C. Johnson, Karli M. Rogers, Nathaniel P. Hitt, Jennifer B. Fair, and Craig D. Snyder
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3989–4011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3989-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3989-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The geologic structure of mountain watersheds may control how groundwater and streamwater exchange, influencing where streams dry. We measured bedrock depth at 191 locations along eight headwater streams paired with stream temperature records, baseflow separation and observations of channel dewatering. The data indicated a prevalence of shallow bedrock generally less than 3 m depth, and local variation in that depth can drive stream dewatering but also influence stream baseflow supply.
Shengping Wang, Borbala Szeles, Carmen Krammer, Elmar Schmaltz, Kepeng Song, Yifan Li, Zhiqiang Zhang, Günter Blöschl, and Peter Strauss
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3021–3036, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3021-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study explored the quantitative contribution of agricultural intensification and climate change to the sediment load of a small agricultural watershed. Rather than a change in climatic conditions, changes in the land structure notably altered sediment concentrations under high-flow conditions, thereby contributing most to the increase in annual sediment loads. More consideration of land structure improvement is required when combating the transfer of soil from land to water.
Femke A. Jansen, Remko Uijlenhoet, Cor M. J. Jacobs, and Adriaan J. Teuling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2875–2898, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2875-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2875-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
We studied the controls on open water evaporation with a focus on Lake IJssel, the Netherlands, by analysing eddy covariance observations over two summer periods at two locations at the borders of the lake. Wind speed and the vertical vapour pressure gradient can explain most of the variation in observed evaporation, which is in agreement with Dalton's model. We argue that the distinct characteristics of inland waterbodies need to be taken into account when parameterizing their evaporation.
Michael Kilgour Stewart, Uwe Morgenstern, and Ian Cartwright
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6333–6338, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6333-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6333-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The combined use of deuterium and tritium to determine travel time distributions in streams is an important development in catchment hydrology (Rodriguez et al., 2021). This comment, however, argues that their results do not generally invalidate the truncation hypothesis of Stewart et al. (2010) (i.e. that stable isotopes underestimate travel times through catchments), as they imply, but asserts instead that the hypothesis still applies to many other catchments.
Maxime P. Boreux, Scott F. Lamoureux, and Brian F. Cumming
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6309–6332, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6309-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6309-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The investigation of groundwater–lake-water interactions in highly permeable boreal terrain using several indicators showed that lowland lakes are embedded into the groundwater system and are thus relatively resilient to short-term hydroclimatic change, while upland lakes rely more on precipitation as their main water input, making them more sensitive to evaporative drawdown. This suggests that landscape position controls the vulnerability of lake-water levels to hydroclimatic change.
Christian Voigt, Karsten Schulz, Franziska Koch, Karl-Friedrich Wetzel, Ludger Timmen, Till Rehm, Hartmut Pflug, Nico Stolarczuk, Christoph Förste, and Frank Flechtner
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5047–5064, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5047-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5047-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A continuously operating superconducting gravimeter at the Zugspitze summit is introduced to support hydrological studies of the Partnach spring catchment known as the Zugspitze research catchment. The observed gravity residuals reflect total water storage variations at the observation site. Hydro-gravimetric analysis show a high correlation between gravity and the snow water equivalent, with a gravimetric footprint of up to 4 km radius enabling integral insights into this high alpine catchment.
André Almagro, Paulo Tarso S. Oliveira, Antônio Alves Meira Neto, Tirthankar Roy, and Peter Troch
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3105–3135, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3105-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3105-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We have collected and synthesized catchment attributes from multiple sources into an extensive dataset, the Catchment Attributes for Brazil (CABra). CABra contains streamflow and climate daily series for 735 catchments in the 1980–2010 period, aside from dozens of attributes of topography, climate, streamflow, groundwater, soil, geology, land cover, and hydrologic disturbance. The CABra intends to pave the way for a better understanding of catchments' behavior in Brazil and the world.
Anthony Michelon, Lionel Benoit, Harsh Beria, Natalie Ceperley, and Bettina Schaefli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2301–2325, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2301-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2301-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Rainfall observation remains a challenge, particularly in mountain environments. Unlike most studies which are model based, this analysis of the rainfall–runoff response of a 13.4 km2 alpine catchment is purely data based and relies on measurements from a network of 12 low-cost rain gauges over 3 months. It assesses the importance of high-density rainfall observations in informing hydrological processes and helps in designing a permanent rain gauge network.
Galen Gorski and Margaret A. Zimmer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1333–1345, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1333-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1333-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Understanding when, where, and how nitrate is exported from watersheds is the key to addressing the challenges that excess nutrients pose. We analyzed daily nitrate and streamflow data for five nested, agricultural watersheds that export high levels of nitrate over a 4-year time period. Nutrient export patterns varied seasonally during baseflow but were stationary during stormflow. Additionally, anthropogenic and geologic factors drove nutrient export during both baseflow and stormflow.
Nicholas J. C. Doriean, William W. Bennett, John R. Spencer, Alexandra Garzon-Garcia, Joanne M. Burton, Peter R. Teasdale, David T. Welsh, and Andrew P. Brooks
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 867–883, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-867-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-867-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Gully erosion is a major contributor to suspended sediment and associated nutrient pollution (e.g. gullies generate approximately 40 % of the sediment pollution impacting the Great Barrier Reef). This study used a new method of monitoring to demonstrate how large-scale earthworks used to remediated large gullies (i.e. eroding landforms > 1 ha) can drastically improve the water quality of connected waterways and, thus, protect vulnerable ecosystems in downstream-receiving waters.
Elvira Mächler, Anham Salyani, Jean-Claude Walser, Annegret Larsen, Bettina Schaefli, Florian Altermatt, and Natalie Ceperley
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 735–753, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-735-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-735-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we collected water from an Alpine catchment in Switzerland and compared the genetic information of eukaryotic organisms conveyed by eDNA with the hydrologic information conveyed by naturally occurring hydrologic tracers. At the intersection of two disciplines, our study provides complementary knowledge gains and identifies the next steps to be addressed for using eDNA to achieve complementary insights into Alpine water sources.
Jana von Freyberg, Julia L. A. Knapp, Andrea Rücker, Bjørn Studer, and James W. Kirchner
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5821–5834, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5821-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5821-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Automated water samplers are often used to collect precipitation and streamwater samples for subsequent isotope analysis, but the isotopic signal of these samples may be altered due to evaporative fractionation occurring during the storage inside the autosamplers in the field. In this article we present and evaluate a cost-efficient modification to the Teledyne ISCO automated water sampler that prevents isotopic enrichment through evaporative fractionation of the water samples.
Kolbjørn Engeland, Anna Aano, Ida Steffensen, Eivind Støren, and Øyvind Paasche
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5595–5619, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5595-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5595-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We combine systematic, historical, and paleo information to obtain flood information from the last 10 300 years for the Glomma River in Norway. We identify periods with increased flood activity (4000–2000 years ago and the recent 1000 years) that correspond broadly to periods with low summer temperatures and glacier growth. The design floods in Glomma were more than 20 % higher during the 18th century than today. We suggest that trends in flood variability are linked to snow in late spring.
James W. Kirchner, Sarah E. Godsey, Madeline Solomon, Randall Osterhuber, Joseph R. McConnell, and Daniele Penna
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5095–5123, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5095-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5095-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Streams and groundwaters often show daily cycles in response to snowmelt and evapotranspiration. These typically have a roughly 6 h time lag, which is often interpreted as a travel-time lag. Here we show that it is instead primarily a phase lag that arises because aquifers integrate their inputs over time. We further show how these cycles shift seasonally, mirroring the springtime retreat of snow cover to higher elevations and the seasonal advance and retreat of photosynthetic activity.
Jasper Foets, Carlos E. Wetzel, Núria Martínez-Carreras, Adriaan J. Teuling, Jean-François Iffly, and Laurent Pfister
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4709–4725, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4709-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4709-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Diatoms (microscopic algae) are regarded as useful tracers in catchment hydrology. However, diatom analysis is labour-intensive; therefore, only a limited number of samples can be analysed. To reduce this number, we explored the potential for a time-integrated mass-flux sampler to provide a representative sample of the diatom assemblage for a whole storm run-off event. Our results indicate that the Phillips sampler did indeed sample representative communities during two of the three events.
Leonie Kiewiet, Ilja van Meerveld, Manfred Stähli, and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3381–3398, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3381-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3381-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The sources of stream water are important, for instance, for predicting floods. The connectivity between streams and different (ground-)water sources can change during rain events, which affects the stream water composition. We investigated this for stream water sampled during four events and found that stream water came from different sources. The stream water composition changed gradually, and we showed that changes in solute concentrations could be partly linked to changes in connectivity.
Lu Zhuo, Qiang Dai, Binru Zhao, and Dawei Han
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2577–2591, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2577-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2577-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Soil moisture plays an important role in hydrological modelling. However, most existing in situ observation networks rarely provide sufficient coverage to capture soil moisture variations. Clearly, there is a need to develop a systematic approach, so that with the minimal number of sensors the soil moisture information could be captured accurately. In this study, a simple and low-data requirement method is proposed (WRF, PCA, CA), which can provide very efficient soil moisture estimations.
Abraham J. Gibson, Danielle C. Verdon-Kidd, Greg R. Hancock, and Garry Willgoose
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1985–2002, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1985-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1985-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
To be better prepared for drought, we need to be able to characterize how they begin, translate to on-ground impacts and how they end. We created a 100-year drought record for an area on the east coast of Australia and compared this with soil moisture and vegetation data. Drought reduces vegetation and soil moisture, but recovery rates are different across different catchments. Our methods can be universally applied and show the need to develop area-specific data to inform drought management.
Clemens Messerschmid, Martin Sauter, and Jens Lange
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 887–917, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-887-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-887-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Recharge assessment in the shared transboundary Western Aquifer Basin is highly relevant, scientifically as well as hydropolitically (in Israeli–Palestinian water negotiations). Our unique combination of field-measured soil characteristics and soil moisture time series with soil moisture saturation excess modelling provides a new basis for the spatial differentiation of formation-specific groundwater recharge (at any scale), applicable also in other previously ungauged basins around the world.
J. Nikolaus Callow, Matthew R. Hipsey, and Ryan I. J. Vogwill
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 717–734, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-717-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-717-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Secondary dryland salinity is a global land degradation issue. Our understanding of causal processes is adapted from wet and hydrologically connected landscapes and concludes that low end-of-catchment runoff indicates land clearing alters water balance in favour of increased infiltration and rising groundwater that bring salts to the surface causing salinity. This study shows surface flows play an important role in causing valley floor recharge and dryland salinity in low-gradient landscapes.
Nils Michelsen, Gerrit Laube, Jan Friesen, Stephan M. Weise, Ali Bakhit Ali Bait Said, and Thomas Müller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2637–2645, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2637-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2637-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Most commercial automatic rain samplers are costly and do not prevent evaporation from the collection bottles. Hence, we have developed a microcontroller-based collector enabling timer-actuated integral rain sampling. The simple, low-cost device is robust and effectively minimizes post-sampling evaporation. The excellent performance of the collector during an evaporation experiment in a lab oven suggests that even multi-week field deployments in warm climates are feasible.
Michael Engel, Daniele Penna, Giacomo Bertoldi, Gianluca Vignoli, Werner Tirler, and Francesco Comiti
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2041–2063, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2041-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2041-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Hydrometric and geochemical dynamics are controlled by interplay of meteorological conditions, topography and geological heterogeneity. Nivo-meteorological indicators (such as global solar radiation, temperature and decreasing snow depth) explain monthly conductivity and isotopic dynamics best. These insights are important for better understanding hydrochemical responses of glacierized catchments under a changing cryosphere.
Andrew D. Wickert, Chad T. Sandell, Bobby Schulz, and Gene-Hua Crystal Ng
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2065–2076, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2065-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2065-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Measuring Earth's changing environment is a critical part of natural science, but to date most of the equipment to do so is expensive, proprietary, and difficult to customize. We addressed this challenge by developing and deploying the ALog, a low-power, lightweight, Arduino-compatible data logger. We present our hardware schematics and layouts, as well as our customizable code library that operates the ALog and helps users to link it to off-the-shelf sensors.
Bruce C. Scott-Shaw and Colin S. Everson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 1553–1565, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1553-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1553-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The research undertaken for this study has allowed for an accurate direct comparison of indigenous and introduced tree water use. The measurements of trees growing in the understorey indicate significant water use in the subcanopy layer. The results showed that individual tree water use is largely inter-species specific. The introduced species remain active during the dry winter periods, resulting in their cumulative water use being significantly greater than that of the indigenous species.
Barbara Glaser, Marta Antonelli, Marco Chini, Laurent Pfister, and Julian Klaus
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5987–6003, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5987-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5987-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrate how thermal infrared images can be used for mapping the appearance and disappearance of water at the surface. The use of thermal infrared images allows for mapping this appearance and disappearance for various temporal and spatial resolutions, and the images can be understood intuitively. We explain the necessary steps in detail, from image acquisition to final processing, by relying on image examples and experience from an 18-month mapping campaign.
Simon Etter, Barbara Strobl, Jan Seibert, and H. J. Ilja van Meerveld
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5243–5257, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5243-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5243-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
To evaluate the potential value of streamflow estimates for hydrological model calibration, we created synthetic streamflow datasets in various temporal resolutions based on the errors in streamflow estimates of 136 citizens. Our results show that streamflow estimates of untrained citizens are too inaccurate to be useful for model calibration. If, however, the errors can be reduced by training or filtering, the estimates become useful if also a sufficient number of estimates are available.
Doris Duethmann and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5143–5158, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5143-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5143-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We analyze changes in catchment evaporation estimated from the water balances of 156 catchments in Austria over 1977–2014, as well as the possible causes of these changes. Our results show that catchment evaporation increased on average by 29 ± 14 mm yr−1 decade−1. We attribute this increase to changes in atmospheric demand (based on reference and pan evaporation), changes in vegetation (quantified by a satellite-based vegetation index), and changes in precipitation.
Arno Hartmann, Marc Luetscher, Ralf Wachter, Philipp Holz, Elisabeth Eiche, and Thomas Neumann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4281–4293, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4281-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4281-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We have developed a new mobile automated water sampling device for environmental research and other applications where waters need to be tested for compliance with environmental/health regulations. It has two main advantages over similar devices: firstly, it injects water samples directly into airtight vials to prevent any change in sample properties through contamination, evaporation and gas exchange. Secondly, it can hold up to 160 sample vials, while other devices only hold up to 24 vials.
Yuedong Guo, Changchun Song, Wenwen Tan, Xianwei Wang, and Yongzheng Lu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1081–1093, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1081-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1081-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The study examined dynamics of DOC export from a permafrost peatland catchment located in northeastern China. The findings indicated that the DOC export is a transport-limited process and the DOC load was significant for the net carbon balance in the studied catchment. The flowpath shift process is key to observed DOC concentration, resources and chemical characteristics in discharge. Permafrost degradation would likely elevate the proportion of microbe-originated DOC in baseflow.
Maurizio Mazzoleni, Vivian Juliette Cortes Arevalo, Uta Wehn, Leonardo Alfonso, Daniele Norbiato, Martina Monego, Michele Ferri, and Dimitri P. Solomatine
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 391–416, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-391-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-391-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We investigate the usefulness of assimilating crowdsourced observations from a heterogeneous network of sensors for different scenarios of citizen involvement levels during the flood event occurred in the Bacchiglione catchment in May 2013. We achieve high model performance by integrating crowdsourced data, in particular from citizens motivated by their feeling of belonging to a community. Satisfactory model performance can still be obtained even for decreasing citizen involvement over time.
Daniele P. Viero
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 171–177, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-171-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-171-2018, 2018
Fayçal Rejiba, Cyril Schamper, Antoine Chevalier, Benoit Deleplancque, Gaghik Hovhannissian, Julien Thiesson, and Pierre Weill
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 159–170, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-159-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-159-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The internal variability of paleomeanders strongly influence water fluxes in alluvial plains. This study presents the results of a hydrogeophysical investigation that provide a very detailed characterization of the geometry of a wide paleomeander. The presented case study, situated in the Seine River basin (France), represents a common sedimentary and geomorphological structure in alluvial plains worldwide.
Sibylle Kathrin Hassler, Markus Weiler, and Theresa Blume
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 13–30, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-13-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-13-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We use sap velocity measurements from 61 trees on 132 days to gain knowledge about the controls of landscape-scale transpiration, distinguishing tree-, stand- and site-specific controls on sap velocity and sap flow patterns and examining their dynamics during the vegetation period. Our results show that these patterns are not exclusively determined by tree characteristics. Thus, including site characteristics such as geology and aspect could be beneficial for modelling or management purposes.
Paul Floury, Jérôme Gaillardet, Eric Gayer, Julien Bouchez, Gaëlle Tallec, Patrick Ansart, Frédéric Koch, Caroline Gorge, Arnaud Blanchouin, and Jean-Louis Roubaty
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6153–6165, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6153-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6153-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We present a new prototype
lab in the fieldnamed River Lab (RL) designed for water quality monitoring to perform a complete analysis at sub-hourly frequency of major dissolved species in river water. The article is an analytical paper to present the proof of concept, its performances and improvements. Our tests reveal a significant improvement of reproducibility compared to conventional analysis in the laboratory. First results are promising for understanding the critical zone.
Vladimir P. Shevchenko, Oleg S. Pokrovsky, Sergey N. Vorobyev, Ivan V. Krickov, Rinat M. Manasypov, Nadezhda V. Politova, Sergey G. Kopysov, Olga M. Dara, Yves Auda, Liudmila S. Shirokova, Larisa G. Kolesnichenko, Valery A. Zemtsov, and Sergey N. Kirpotin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5725–5746, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5725-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5725-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
We used a coupled hydrological–hydrochemical approach to assess the impact of snow on river and lake water chemistry across a permafrost gradient in very poorly studied Western Siberia Lowland (WSL), encompassing > 1.5 million km2. The riverine springtime fluxes of major and trace element in WSL rivers might be strongly overestimated due to previously unknown input from the snow deposition.
Cited articles
Ackermann, A.: Simulation des Austrags von gelöstem organischen Kohlenstoff aus landwirtschaftlich genutzten Mineralböden (in German), Dissertation, Martin Lutter University, Halle, p. 181, https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:3:2-80448 (last access: 30 January 2023), 2016.
Adyasari, D., Dimova, N. T., Dulai, H., Gilfedder, B. S., Cartwright, I.,
McKenzie, T., and Fuleky, P.: Radon-222 as a groundwater discharge tracer to
surface waters, Earth-Sci. Rev., 104321, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2023.104321, 2023.
Anis, M. R. and Rode, M.: Effect of climate change on overland flow
generation: a case study in central Germany, Hydrol. Process., 29,
2478–2490, 2015.
Bechmann, M., Deelstra, J., Stalnacke, P., Eggestad, H. O., Oygarden, L.,
and Pengerud, A.: Monitoring catchment scale agricultural pollution in
Norway: policy instruments, implementation of mitigation methods and trends
in nutrient and sediment losses, Environ. Sci. Pol., 11, 102–114, 2008.
Behrendt, H. and Boekhold, A.: Phosphorus Saturation In Soils And
Groundwaters, Land Degrad. Rehabil., 4, 233–243, 1993.
Bernal, S., Lupon, A., Ribot, M., Sabater, F., and Martí, E.: Riparian and in-stream controls on nutrient concentrations and fluxes in a headwater forested stream, Biogeosciences, 12, 1941–1954, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1941-2015, 2015.
Bernot, M. J., Tank, J. L., Royer, T. V., and David, M. B.: Nutrient uptake
in streams draining agricultural catchments of the midwestern United States,
Freshw. Sci., 51, 499–509, 2006.
Bol, R., Gruau, G., Mellander, P. E., Dupas, R., Bechmann, M., Skarbovik,
E., Bieroza, M., Djodjic, F., Glendell, M., Jordan, P., Van der Grift, B.,
Rode, M., Smolders, E., Verbeeck, M., Gu, S., Klumpp, E., Pohle, I., Fresne,
M., and Gascuel-Odoux, C.: Challenges of Reducing Phosphorus Based Water
Eutrophication in the Agricultural Landscapes of Northwest Europe, Frontiers
Mar. Sci., 5, https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00276, 2018.
Bormann, F. H. and Likens, G. E.: Nutrient Cycling, Science, 155, 424,
1967.
Bowes, M. J., House, W. A., and Hodgkinson, R. A.: Phosphorus dynamics along a river continuum, Sci. Total Environ., 313, 199–212, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(03)003.00260-2, 2003.
Bowes, M. J., Jarvie, H. P., Naden, P. S., Old, G. H., Scarlett, P. M.,
Roberts, C., Armstrong, L. K., Harman, S. A., Wickham, H. D., and Collins,
A. L.: Identifying priorities for nutrient mitigation using river
concentration-flow relationships: The Thames basin, UK, J. Hydrol., 517,
1–12, 2014.
Brookfield, A. E., Hansen, A. T., Sullivan, P. L., Czuba, J. A., Kirk, M.
F., Li, L., Newcomer, M. E., and Wilkinson, G.: Predicting algal blooms: Are
we overlooking groundwater?, Sci. Total Environ., 769, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144442, 2021.
Chardon, W. J., Aalderink, G. H., and van der Salm, C.: Phosphorus leaching
from cow manure patches on soil columns, J. Environ. Qual., 36, 17–22, 2007.
Correll, D. L.: The role of phosphorus in the eutrophication of receiving
waters: A review, J. Environ. Qual., 27, 261–266, 1998.
Cornell, R. M. and Schwertmann, U.: The Iron Oxides: Structure, Properties,
Reactions, Occurences and Uses, 2nd edn., Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH and Co., https://doi.org/10.1002/3527602097, 2003.
Dils, R. M. and Heathwaite, A. L.: The controversial role of tile drainage
in phosphorus export from agricultural land, Water Sci. Tech., 39, 55–61,
1999.
DIN EN ISO 6878: Water quality determination of Phosphorus-ammonium
molybdate spectrometric method, Beuth, Berlin, https://doi.org/10.31030/9552789, 2004.
Dupas, R., Mellander, P. E., Gascuel-Odoux, C., Fovet, O., McAleer, E. B.,
McDonald, N. T., Shore, M., and Jordan, P.: The role of mobilisation and
delivery processes on contrasting dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus exports
in groundwater fed catchments, Sci. Total Environ., 599, 1275–1287, 2017a.
Dupas, R., Musolff, A., Jawitz, J. W., Rao, P. S. C., Jäger, C. G., Fleckenstein, J. H., Rode, M., and Borchardt, D.: Carbon and nutrient export regimes from headwater catchments to downstream reaches, Biogeosciences, 14, 4391–4407, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4391-2017, 2017b.
Dupas, R., Tittel, J., Jordan, P., Musolff, A., and Rode, M.: Non-domestic
phosphorus release in rivers during low-flow: Mechanisms and implications
for sources identification, J. Hydrol., 560, 141–149, 2018.
Ebeling, P., Kumar, R., Weber, M., Knoll, L., Fleckenstein, J. H., and Musolff, A.:
Archetypes and controls of riverine nutrient export across German
catchments, Water Resour. Res., 57, 1–29, 2021.
Frei, S. and Gilfedder, B. S.: Finiflux: An implicit finite element model
for quantification of groundwater fluxes and hyporheic exchange in streams
and rivers using radon, Water Resour. Res., 51, 6776–6786, 2015.
Frei S. and Gilfedder, B. S.: FINIFLUX [code], http://www.hydro.uni-bayreuth.de/hydro/en/software/software/software_dl.php?id_obj=129191, last access: 30 January 2023.
Genereux, D. P. and Hemond, H. F.: Determination Of Gas-Exchange Rate
Constants For A Small Stream On Walker Branch Watershed, Tennessee, Water
Resour. Res., 28, 2365–2374, 1992.
Graeff, T., Zehe, E., Reusser, D., Luck, E., Schroder, B., Wenk, G., John,
H., and Bronstert, A.: Process identification through rejection of model
structures in a mid-mountainous rural catchment: observations of
rainfall-runoff response, geophysical conditions and model inter-comparison,
Hydrol. Process., 23, 702–718, 2009.
Gu, S., Gruau, G., Dupas, R., Rumpel, C., Creme, A., Fovet, O.,
Gascuel-Odoux, C., Jeanneau, L., Humbert, G., and Petitjean, P.: Release of
dissolved phosphorus from riparian wetlands: Evidence for complex
interactions among hydroclimate variability, topography and soil properties,
Sci. Total Environ., 598, 421–431, 2017.
Haygarth, P. M., Jarvie, H. P., Powers, S. M., Sharpley, A. N., Elser, J.
J., Shen, J. B., Peterson, H. M., Chan, N. I., Howden, N. J. K., Burt, T.,
Worrall, F., Zhang, F. S., and Liu, X. J.: Sustainable Phosphorus Management
and the Need for a Long-Term Perspective: The Legacy Hypothesis, Environ.
Sci. Technol., 48, 8417–8419, 2014.
Heathwaite, A. L. and Dils, R. M.: Characterising phosphorus loss in surface
and subsurface hydrological pathways, Sci. Total Environ., 251, 523–538,
2000.
Heckrath, G., Brookes, P. C., Poulton, P. R., and Goulding, K. W. T.:
Phosphorus Leaching From Soils Containing Different Phosphorus
Concentrations In The Broadbalk Experiment, J. Environ. Qual., 24, 904–910,
1995.
Holman, I. P., Whelan, M. J., Howden, N. J. K., Bellamy, P. H., Willby, N. J., Rivas-Casado, M., and McConvey, P.: Phosphorus in groundwater-an overlooked contributor to eutrophication?, Hydrol. Process., 22, 5121–5127, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.7198, 2008.
House, W. A.: Geochemical cycling of phosphorus in rivers, Appl. Geochem.,
18, 739–748, 2003.
Jarvie, H. P., Haygarth, P. M., Neal, C., Butler, P., Smith, B., Naden, P.
S., Joynes, A., Neal, M., Wickham, H., Armstrong, L., Harman, S., and
Palmer-Felgate, E. J.: Stream water chemistry and quality along an
upland-lowland rural land-use continuum, south west England, J. Hydrol.,
350, 215–231, 2008.
Jeanneau, L., Jaffrezic, A., Pierson-Wickmann, A. C., Gruau, G., Lambert,
T., and Petitjean, P.: Constraints on the Sources and Production Mechanisms
of Dissolved Organic Matter in Soils from Molecular Biomarkers, Vadose Zone
J., 13, 1–29, 2014.
King, S. A., Heffernan, J. B., and Cohen, M. J.: Nutrient flux, uptake, and
autotrophic limitation in streams and rivers, Freshw. Sci., 33, 85–98, 2014.
Kistner, I., Ollesch, G., Meissner, R., and Rode, M.: Spatial-temporal
dynamics of water soluble phosphorus in the topsoil of a low mountain range
catchment, Agr. Ecosyst. Environ., 176, 24–38, 2013.
Kistner, I.: Anwendung des Modells ANIMO zur Simualtion des
gelösten Phosphors im Oberflächenabfluss auf der Feldskala und der
Phosphorverfügbarkeit im Oberboden auf der Einzugsgebietsskala (in
German), Dissertation, Martin Lutter University Halle, p. 182, ISSN 1860-0387, 2007.
Kleinman, P. J. A., Needelman, B. A., Sharpley, A. N., and McDowell, R. W.:
Using soil phosphorus profile data to assess phosphorus leaching potential
in manured soils, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67, 215–224, 2003.
Kleinman, P. J. A., Sharpley, A. N., Saporito, L. S., Buda, A. R., and
Bryant, R. B.: Application of manure to no-till soils: phosphorus losses by
sub-surface and surface pathways, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 84, 215–227, 2009.
Kleinman, P. J. A., Sharpley, A. N., Saporito, L. S., Buda, A. R., and
Bryant, R. B.: Application of manure to no-till soils: phosphorus losses by
sub-surface and surface pathways, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 84, 215–227, 2009.
Knorr, K.-H.: DOC-dynamics in a small headwater catchment as driven by redox fluctuations and hydrological flow paths – are DOC exports mediated by iron reduction/oxidation cycles?, Biogeosciences, 10, 891–904, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-891-2013, 2013.
Leinweber, P., Meissner, R., Eckhardt, K. U., and Seeger, J.: Management
effects on forms of phosphorus in soil and leaching losses, Eur. J. Soil
Sci., 50, 413–424, 1999.
Little, J. L., Nolan, S. C., Casson, J. P., and Olson, B. M.: Relationships
between soil and runoff phosphorus in small Alberta watersheds, J. Environ.
Qual., 36, 1289–1300, 2007.
McCrackin, M. L., Muller-Karulis, B., Gustafsson, B. G., Howarth, R. W., Humborg, C., Svanback, A., and Swaney, D. P.: A Century of Legacy Phosphorus Dynamics in a Large Drainage Basin, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 32, 1107–1122, https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GB005914, 2018.
McDowell, R. W., Condron, L. M., Stewart, I., and Cave, V.: Chemical nature
and diversity of phosphorus in New Zealand pasture soils using P-31 nuclear
magnetic resonance spectroscopy and sequential fractionation, Nutr. Cycl.
Agroecosys., 72, 241–254, 2005.
McDowell, R. W. and Sharpley, A. N.: Approximating phosphorus release from
soils to surface runoff and subsurface drainage, J. Environ. Qual., 30,
508–520, 2001.
Moncelon, R., Gouaze, M., Pineau, P., Beneteau, E., Breret, M., Philippine,
O., Robin, F. X., Dupuy, C., and Metzger, E.: Coupling between sediment
biogeochemistry and phytoplankton development in a temperate freshwater
marsh (Charente-Maritime, France): Evidence of temporal pattern, Water Res.,
189, 116567, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2020.116567, 2021.
Musolff, A., Selle, B., Bttner, O., Opitz, M., and Tittel, J.: Unexpected
release of phosphate and organic carbon to streams linked to declining
nitrogen depositions, Global Change Biol., 23, 1891–1901, 2017.
Ollesch, G., Hermann, J., Meissner, R., and Reinstrof, F.: Anthropogenic changes of water balance and runoff processes in a small low-mountain catchment, in: Status and perspectives of hydrology in small basins, Proceedings of
the international workshop held in Goslar-Hahnenklee, 65–70, IAHS, ISSN/ISBN: 0144-7815, 2010.
Ollesch, G., Sukhanovski, Y., Kistner, I., Rode, M., and Meissner, R.:
Characterization and modelling of the spatial heterogeneity of snowmelt
erosion, Earth. Surf. Processes., 30, 197–211, 2005.
Payn, R. A., Gooseff, M. N., McGlynn, B. L., Bencala, K. E., and Wondzell,
S. M.: Channel water balance and exchange with subsurface flow along a
mountain headwater stream in Montana, United States, Water Resour. Res., 45, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007644, 2009.
Pöthig, R., Behrendt, H., Opitz, D., and Furrer, G.: A universal
method to assess the potential of phosphorus loss from soil to aquatic
ecosystems, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 17, 497–504, 2010.
Raymond, P. A., Zappa, C. J., Butman, D., Bott, T. L., Potter, J., Mulholland, P., Laursen, A. E., McDowell, W. H., and Newbold, D.: Scaling the gas transfer velocity and hydraulic geometry in streams and small rivers, Limnology and Oceanography: Fluids and Environments, 2, 41–53, 2012.
Reid, D. K., Ball, B., and Zhang, T. Q.: Accounting for the Risks of
Phosphorus Losses through Tile Drains in a Phosphorus Index, J. Environ.
Qual., 41, 1720–1729, 2012.
Rode, M., Wade, A. J., Cohen, M. J., Hensley, R. T., Bowes, M. J., Kirchner,
J. W., Arhonditsis, G. B., Jordan, P., Kronvang, B., Halliday, S. J.,
Skeffington, R. A., Rozemeijer, J. C., Aubert, A. H., Rinke, K., and Jomaa,
S.: Sensors in the Stream: The High-Frequency Wave of the Present, Environ.
Sci. Tech., 50, 10297–10307, 2016.
Rowe, H., Withers, P. J. A., Baas, P., Chan, N. I., Doody, D., Holiman, J., Jacobs, B., Li, H. G., MacDonald, G. K., McDowell, R., Sharpley, A. N., Shen, J. B., Taheri, W., Wallenstein, M., and Weintraub, M. N.: Integrating legacy soil phosphorus into sustainable nutrient management strategies for future food, bioenergy and water security, Nutr. Cycl. Agroecosys., 104, 393–412, 2016.
Schiff S. L., Aravena R., Trumbore S. E., Hinton M. J., Elgood R., and Dillon P. J.:
Export of DOC from forested catchments on the Precambrian Shield of Central
Ontario: Clues from 13C and 14C, Biogeochem., 36, 43–65, 1997.
Schmidt, C., Bayer-Raich, M., and Schirmer, M.: Characterization of spatial heterogeneity of groundwater-stream water interactions using multiple depth streambed temperature measurements at the reach scale, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 10, 849–859, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-10-849-2006, 2006.
Schrön, M., Köhli, M., Scheiffele, L., Iwema, J., Bogena, H. R., Lv, L., Martini, E., Baroni, G., Rosolem, R., Weimar, J., Mai, J., Cuntz, M., Rebmann, C., Oswald, S. E., Dietrich, P., Schmidt, U., and Zacharias, S.: Improving calibration and validation of cosmic-ray neutron sensors in the light of spatial sensitivity, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5009–5030, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5009-2017, 2017.
Schubert, M., Buerkin, W., Pena, P., Lopez, A. E., and Balcazar, M.: On-site
determination of the radon concentration in water samples: Methodical
background and results from laboratory studies and a field-scale test,
Radiat. Measur., 41, 492–497, 2006.
Schubert, M., Knoeller, K., Mueller, C., and Gilfedder, B.: Investigating
River Water/Groundwater Interaction along a Rivulet Section by Rn-222 Mass
Balancing, Water, 12, 3027, 2020.
Shaheen, S. M., Wang, J. X., Baumann, K., Wang, S. L., Leinweber, P., and
Rinklebe, J.: Redox-induced mobilization of phosphorus in groundwater
affected arable soil profiles, Chemosphere, 275, 129928, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129928, 2021.
Simard, R. R., Beauchemin, S., and Haygarth, P. M.: Potential for
preferential pathways of phosphorus transport, J. Environ. Qual., 29,
97–105, 2000.
Simpson, Z. P., McDowell, R. W., Condron, L. M., McDaniel, M. D., Jarvie, H.
P., and Abell, J. M.: Sediment phosphorus buffering in streams at baseflow:
A meta-analysis, J. Environ. Qual., 50, 287–311, 2021.
Smolders, E., Baetens, E., Verbeeck, M., Nawara, S., Diels, J., Verdievel,
M., Peeters, B., De Cooman, W., and Bakens, S.: Internal Loading and Redox
Cycling of Sediment Iron Explain Reactive Phosphorus Concentrations in
Lowland Rivers, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51, 2584–2592, 2017.
Stamm, C., Fluhler, H., Gachter, R., Leuenberger, J., and Wunderli, H.:
Preferential transport of phosphorus in drained grassland soils, J. Environ.
Qual., 27, 515–522, 1998.
Stuiver, M. and Polach, H. A.: Discussion Reporting of 14C Data,
Radiocarbon, 19, 355–363, 1977.
Tittel, J., Büttner, O., Freier, K., Heiser, A., Sudbrack, R., and
Ollesch, G.: The age of terrestrial carbon export and rainfall intensity in
a temperate river headwater system, Biogeochem., 115, 53–63, 2013.
Tittel, J., Büttner, O., Friese, K., Lechtenfeld, O. J., Schuth, S., von
Tümpling, W., and Musolff, A.: Iron Exports From Catchments Are
Constrained by Redox Status and Topography, Global Biogeochemical Cycles,
36, e2021GB007056, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GB007056, 2022.
van Dael, T., De Cooman, T., and Smolders, E.: In-stream oxygenation to
mitigate internal loading of phosphorus in lowland streams, J. Hydrol., 590, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125536,
2020a.
van Dael, T., De Cooman, T., Verbeeck, M., and Smolders, E.: Sediment
respiration contributes to phosphate release in lowland surface waters,
Water Res., 168, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2019.115168, 2020b.
van Dael, T., Xia, L., Van Dijck, K., Potemans, S., and Smolders, E.:
Internal loading of phosphate in rivers reduces at higher flow velocity and
is re duce d by iron rich sand application: an experimental study in flumes,
Water Res., 198, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117160, 2021.
Withers, P. J. A. and Jarvie, H. P.: Delivery and cycling of phosphorus in
rivers: A review, Sci. Total Environ., 400, 379–395, 2008.
Wriedt, G. and Randt, C.: Groundwater phosphate levels in Lower
Saxony-Distribution, influence factors and threshold value, Grundwasser, 24,
109–127, 2019.
Yang, J., Heidbuchel, I., Musolff, A., Reinstorf, F., and Fleckenstein, J.
H.: Exploring the Dynamics of Transit Times and Subsurface Mixing in a Small
Agricultural Catchment, Water Resour. Res., 54, 2317–2335, 2018.
Yang, X. Q., Tetzlaff, D., Soulsby, C., Smith, A., and Borchardt, D.:
Catchment Functioning Under Prolonged Drought Stress: Tracer-Aided
Ecohydrological Modeling in an Intensively Managed Agricultural Catchment,
Water Resour. Res., 57, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR029094, 2021.
Zak, D. and Gelbrecht, J.: The mobilisation of phosphorus, organic carbon
and ammonium in the initial stage of fen rewetting (a case study from NE
Germany), Biogeochem., 85, 141–151, 2007.
Short summary
Agricultural catchments show elevated phosphorus (P) concentrations during summer low flow. In an agricultural stream, we found that phosphorus in groundwater was a major source of stream water phosphorus during low flow, and stream sediments derived from farmland are unlikely to have increased stream phosphorus concentrations during low water. We found no evidence that riparian wetlands contributed to soluble reactive (SR) P loads. Agricultural phosphorus was largely buffered in the soil zone.
Agricultural catchments show elevated phosphorus (P) concentrations during summer low flow. In...
