Articles | Volume 27, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1645-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1645-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Apr 2023
Research article |
| 19 Apr 2023
| 19 Apr 2023
Impact of urban geology on model simulations of shallow groundwater levels and flow paths
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Mette H. Mortensen
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Peter Sandersen
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Torben O. Sonnenborg
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
Karsten H. Jensen
Department of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Jacob Kidmose
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark
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Paolo Nasta, Günter Blöschl, Heye R. Bogena, Steffen Zacharias, Roland Baatz, Gabriëlle De Lannoy, Karsten H. Jensen, Salvatore Manfreda, Laurent Pfister, Ana M. Tarquis, Ilja van Meerveld, Marc Voltz, Yijian Zeng, William Kustas, Xin Li, Harry Vereecken, and Nunzio Romano
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1678, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2024-1678, 2024
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The Unsolved Problems in Hydrology (UPH) initiative has emphasized the need to establish networks of multi-decadal hydrological observatories to tackle catchment-scale challenges on a global scale. This opinion paper provocatively discusses two end members of possible future hydrological observatory (HO) networks for a given hypothesized community budget: a comprehensive set of moderately instrumented observatories or, alternatively, a small number of highly instrumented super-sites.
Léonard Santos, Vazken Andréassian, Torben O. Sonnenborg, Göran Lindström, Alban de Lavenne, Charles Perrin, Lila Collet, and Guillaume Thirel
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-80, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-80, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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This work aims at investigating how hydrological models can be transferred to a period in which climatic conditions are different to the ones of the period in which it was set up. The RAT method, built to detect dependencies between model error and climatic drivers, was applied to 3 different hydrological models on 352 catchments in Denmark, France and Sweden. Potential issues are detected for a significant number of catchments for the 3 models even though these catchments differ for each model.
Trine Enemark, Rasmus Bødker Madsen, Torben O. Sonnenborg, Lærke Therese Andersen, Peter B. E. Sandersen, Jacob Kidmose, Ingelise Møller, Thomas Mejer Hansen, Karsten Høgh Jensen, and Anne-Sophie Høyer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 505–523, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-505-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-505-2024, 2024
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In this study, we demonstrate an approach to evaluate the interpretation uncertainty within a manually interpreted geological model in a groundwater model. Using qualitative estimates of uncertainties, several geological realizations are developed and implemented in groundwater models. We confirm existing evidence that if the conceptual model is well defined, interpretation uncertainties within the conceptual model have limited impact on groundwater model predictions.
Tanja Denager, Torben O. Sonnenborg, Majken C. Looms, Heye Bogena, and Karsten H. Jensen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2827–2845, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2827-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2827-2023, 2023
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This study contributes to improvements in the model characterization of water and energy fluxes. The results show that multi-objective autocalibration in combination with mathematical regularization is a powerful tool to improve land surface models. Using the direct measurement of turbulent fluxes as the target variable, parameter optimization matches simulations and observations of latent heat, whereas sensible heat is clearly biased.
Rena Meyer, Wenmin Zhang, Søren Julsgaard Kragh, Mie Andreasen, Karsten Høgh Jensen, Rasmus Fensholt, Simon Stisen, and Majken C. Looms
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3337–3357, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3337-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3337-2022, 2022
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The amount and spatio-temporal distribution of soil moisture, the water in the upper soil, is of great relevance for agriculture and water management. Here, we investigate whether the established downscaling algorithm combining different satellite products to estimate medium-scale soil moisture is applicable to higher resolutions and whether results can be improved by accounting for land cover types. Original satellite data and downscaled soil moisture are compared with ground observations.
Heye Reemt Bogena, Martin Schrön, Jannis Jakobi, Patrizia Ney, Steffen Zacharias, Mie Andreasen, Roland Baatz, David Boorman, Mustafa Berk Duygu, Miguel Angel Eguibar-Galán, Benjamin Fersch, Till Franke, Josie Geris, María González Sanchis, Yann Kerr, Tobias Korf, Zalalem Mengistu, Arnaud Mialon, Paolo Nasta, Jerzy Nitychoruk, Vassilios Pisinaras, Daniel Rasche, Rafael Rosolem, Hami Said, Paul Schattan, Marek Zreda, Stefan Achleitner, Eduardo Albentosa-Hernández, Zuhal Akyürek, Theresa Blume, Antonio del Campo, Davide Canone, Katya Dimitrova-Petrova, John G. Evans, Stefano Ferraris, Félix Frances, Davide Gisolo, Andreas Güntner, Frank Herrmann, Joost Iwema, Karsten H. Jensen, Harald Kunstmann, Antonio Lidón, Majken Caroline Looms, Sascha Oswald, Andreas Panagopoulos, Amol Patil, Daniel Power, Corinna Rebmann, Nunzio Romano, Lena Scheiffele, Sonia Seneviratne, Georg Weltin, and Harry Vereecken
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 14, 1125–1151, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-14-1125-2022, 2022
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Monitoring of increasingly frequent droughts is a prerequisite for climate adaptation strategies. This data paper presents long-term soil moisture measurements recorded by 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNS) operated by 24 institutions and distributed across major climate zones in Europe. Data processing followed harmonized protocols and state-of-the-art methods to generate consistent and comparable soil moisture products and to facilitate continental-scale analysis of hydrological extremes.
Ida Karlsson Seidenfaden, Torben Obel Sonnenborg, Jens Christian Refsgaard, Christen Duus Børgesen, Jørgen Eivind Olesen, and Dennis Trolle
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 955–973, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-955-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-955-2022, 2022
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This study investigates how the spatial nitrate reduction in the subsurface may shift under changing climate and land use conditions. This change is investigated by comparing maps showing the spatial nitrate reduction in an agricultural catchment for current conditions, with maps generated for future projected climate and land use conditions. Results show that future climate flow paths may shift the catchment reduction noticeably, while implications of land use changes were less substantial.
Wouter Dorigo, Irene Himmelbauer, Daniel Aberer, Lukas Schremmer, Ivana Petrakovic, Luca Zappa, Wolfgang Preimesberger, Angelika Xaver, Frank Annor, Jonas Ardö, Dennis Baldocchi, Marco Bitelli, Günter Blöschl, Heye Bogena, Luca Brocca, Jean-Christophe Calvet, J. Julio Camarero, Giorgio Capello, Minha Choi, Michael C. Cosh, Nick van de Giesen, Istvan Hajdu, Jaakko Ikonen, Karsten H. Jensen, Kasturi Devi Kanniah, Ileen de Kat, Gottfried Kirchengast, Pankaj Kumar Rai, Jenni Kyrouac, Kristine Larson, Suxia Liu, Alexander Loew, Mahta Moghaddam, José Martínez Fernández, Cristian Mattar Bader, Renato Morbidelli, Jan P. Musial, Elise Osenga, Michael A. Palecki, Thierry Pellarin, George P. Petropoulos, Isabella Pfeil, Jarrett Powers, Alan Robock, Christoph Rüdiger, Udo Rummel, Michael Strobel, Zhongbo Su, Ryan Sullivan, Torbern Tagesson, Andrej Varlagin, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Jeffrey Walker, Jun Wen, Fred Wenger, Jean Pierre Wigneron, Mel Woods, Kun Yang, Yijian Zeng, Xiang Zhang, Marek Zreda, Stephan Dietrich, Alexander Gruber, Peter van Oevelen, Wolfgang Wagner, Klaus Scipal, Matthias Drusch, and Roberto Sabia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5749–5804, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5749-2021, 2021
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The International Soil Moisture Network (ISMN) is a community-based open-access data portal for soil water measurements taken at the ground and is accessible at https://ismn.earth. Over 1000 scientific publications and thousands of users have made use of the ISMN. The scope of this paper is to inform readers about the data and functionality of the ISMN and to provide a review of the scientific progress facilitated through the ISMN with the scope to shape future research and operations.
Rasmus Bødker Madsen, Hyojin Kim, Anders Juhl Kallesøe, Peter B. E. Sandersen, Troels Norvin Vilhelmsen, Thomas Mejer Hansen, Anders Vest Christiansen, Ingelise Møller, and Birgitte Hansen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2759–2787, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2759-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2759-2021, 2021
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The protection of subsurface aquifers from contamination is an ongoing environmental challenge. Some areas of the underground have a natural capacity for reducing contaminants. In this research these areas are mapped in 3D along with information about, e.g., sand and clay, which indicates whether contaminated water from the surface will travel through these areas. This mapping technique will be fundamental for more reliable risk assessment in water quality protection.
Julian Koch, Helen Berger, Hans Jørgen Henriksen, and Torben Obel Sonnenborg
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4603–4619, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4603-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4603-2019, 2019
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This study explores novel modelling avenues using machine learning in combination with process-based models to predict the shallow water table at high spatial resolution. Due to climate change and anthropogenic impacts, the shallow groundwater is rising in many parts of the world. In order to adapt to risks induced by groundwater flooding, new modelling tools need to emerge. In this study, we found that machine learning is capable of reaching the required accuracy and resolution.
Catharina Simone Nisbeth, Federica Tamburini, Jacob Kidmose, Søren Jessen, and David William O'Connell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-469, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-469, 2019
Preprint withdrawn
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Phosphorus contamination frequently causes eutrophication of freshwater lakes. However it is often difficult to establish the origin of the contaminating phosphorus. This study aims to contribute to the development and improvement of a method for tracing phosphorus in the freshwater environment, by using the oxygen-18 isotope of orthophosphate (δ18Op). The use of a coherent and common method across research groups may enable phosphorus tracing and better management of freshwater ecosystems.
Diana Lucatero, Henrik Madsen, Jens C. Refsgaard, Jacob Kidmose, and Karsten H. Jensen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6591–6609, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6591-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6591-2018, 2018
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The present study evaluates the skill of a seasonal forecasting system for hydrological relevant variables in Denmark. Linear scaling and quantile mapping were used to correct the forecasts. Uncorrected forecasts tend to be more skillful than climatology, in general, for the first month lead time only. Corrected forecasts show a reduced bias in the mean; are more consistent; and show a level of accuracy that is closer to, although no higher than, that of ensemble climatology, in general.
Rena Meyer, Peter Engesgaard, Klaus Hinsby, Jan A. Piotrowski, and Torben O. Sonnenborg
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4843–4865, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4843-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4843-2018, 2018
Diana Lucatero, Henrik Madsen, Jens C. Refsgaard, Jacob Kidmose, and Karsten H. Jensen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3601–3617, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3601-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3601-2018, 2018
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The skill of an experimental streamflow forecast system in the Ahlergaarde catchment, Denmark, is analyzed. Inputs to generate the forecasts are taken from the ECMWF System 4 seasonal forecasting system and an ensemble of observations (ESP). Reduction of biases is achieved by processing the meteorological and/or streamflow forecasts. In general, this is not sufficient to ensure a higher level of accuracy than the ESP, indicating a modest added value of a seasonal meteorological system.
Sebastian F. Zastruzny, Bo Elberling, Lars Nielsen, and Karsten H. Jensen
The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-97, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2017-97, 2017
Revised manuscript has not been submitted
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The hydrological regime in the arctic will change as the climate conditions change and the release and associated transport of nutrients will also be affected. In this study we analyze water flow and tracer transport along a sloping transect in Disko Island in Greenland. The results suggest that the movement of dissolved nitrogen compounds such as nitrate, being released along the slope in consequence of permafrost thawing, can quickly influence nitrogen cycling at the end of the slope.
Donghua Zhang, Henrik Madsen, Marc E. Ridler, Jacob Kidmose, Karsten H. Jensen, and Jens C. Refsgaard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 4341–4357, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4341-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4341-2016, 2016
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We present a method to assimilate observed groundwater head and soil moisture profiles into an integrated hydrological model. The study uses the ensemble transform Kalman filter method and the MIKE SHE hydrological model code. The proposed method is shown to be more robust and provide better results for two cases in Denmark, and is also validated using real data. The hydrological model with assimilation overall improved performance compared to the model without assimilation.
T. O. Sonnenborg, D. Seifert, and J. C. Refsgaard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3891–3901, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3891-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3891-2015, 2015
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The impacts of climate model uncertainty and geological model uncertainty on hydraulic head, stream flow, travel time and capture zones are evaluated. Six versions of a physically based and distributed hydrological model, each containing a unique interpretation of the geological structure of the model area, are forced by 11 climate model projections. Geology is the dominating uncertainty source for travel time and capture zones, while climate dominates for hydraulic heads and steam flow.
X. L. He, T. O. Sonnenborg, F. Jørgensen, and K. H. Jensen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2943–2954, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2943-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2943-2014, 2014
I. B. Karlsson, T. O. Sonnenborg, K. H. Jensen, and J. C. Refsgaard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 595–610, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-595-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-595-2014, 2014
X. He, T. O. Sonnenborg, F. Jørgensen, A.-S. Høyer, R. R. Møller, and K. H. Jensen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3245–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3245-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3245-2013, 2013
J. Kidmose, J. C. Refsgaard, L. Troldborg, L. P. Seaby, and M. M. Escrivà
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1619–1634, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1619-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1619-2013, 2013
P. Rasmussen, T. O. Sonnenborg, G. Goncear, and K. Hinsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 421–443, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-421-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-421-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Urban Hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
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Forecasting green roof detention performance by temporal downscaling of precipitation time-series projections
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The impact of the spatiotemporal structure of rainfall on flood frequency over a small urban watershed: an approach coupling stochastic storm transposition and hydrologic modeling
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Increase in flood risk resulting from climate change in a developed urban watershed – the role of storm temporal patterns
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Precipitation variability within an urban monitoring network via microcanonical cascade generators
Estimation of peak discharges of historical floods
Indirect downscaling of hourly precipitation based on atmospheric circulation and temperature
Assessing the hydrologic restoration of an urbanized area via an integrated distributed hydrological model
Using the Storm Water Management Model to predict urban headwater stream hydrological response to climate and land cover change
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A statistical analysis of insurance damage claims related to rainfall extremes
Joint impact of rainfall and tidal level on flood risk in a coastal city with a complex river network: a case study of Fuzhou City, China
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Multi-objective optimization for combined quality–quantity urban runoff control
Development of flood probability charts for urban drainage network in coastal areas through a simplified joint assessment approach
Auto-control of pumping operations in sewerage systems by rule-based fuzzy neural networks
Coupling urban event-based and catchment continuous modelling for combined sewer overflow river impact assessment
Dynamic neural networks for real-time water level predictions of sewerage systems-covering gauged and ungauged sites
Ruoyu Zhang, Lawrence E. Band, Peter M. Groffman, Laurence Lin, Amanda K. Suchy, Jonathan M. Duncan, and Arthur J. Gold
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 4599–4621, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4599-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4599-2024, 2024
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Human-induced nitrogen (N) from fertilization and septic effluents is the primary N source in urban watersheds. We developed a model to understand how spatial and temporal patterns of these loads affect hydrologic and biogeochemical processes at the hillslope level. The comparable simulations to observations showed the ability of our model to enhance insights into current water quality conditions, identify high-N-retention locations, and plan future restorations to improve urban water quality.
Hanqing Xu, Elisa Ragno, Sebastiaan N. Jonkman, Jun Wang, Jeremy D. Bricker, Zhan Tian, and Laixiang Sun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 3919–3930, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3919-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3919-2024, 2024
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A coupled statistical–hydrodynamic model framework is employed to quantitatively evaluate the sensitivity of compound flood hazards to the relative timing of peak storm surges and rainfall. The findings reveal that the timing difference between these two factors significantly affects flood inundation depth and extent. The most severe inundation occurs when rainfall precedes the storm surge peak by 2 h.
Yan Liu, Ting Zhang, Yi Ding, Aiqing Kang, Xiaohui Lei, and Jianzhu Li
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-100, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-100, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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In coastal cities, rainfall and storm surges cause compound flooding. This study quantifies the contributions of rainfall and tides to compound flooding and analyzes interactions between different flood types. Findings show rainfall has a greater effect on flooding compared to tidal levels. The interaction between fluvial and pluvial flooding exacerbates the flood disaster. Notably, tidal levels have the most significant impact during the interaction phase of these flood types.
Tabea Cache, Milton Salvador Gomez, Tom Beucler, Jovan Blagojevic, João Paulo Leitao, and Nadav Peleg
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-63, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-63, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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We introduce a new deep-learning model that addresses limitations of existing urban flood models in handling varied terrains and rainfall events. Our model subdivides the city into small patches and presents a novel approach to incorporate broader spatial information. It accurately predicts high-resolution flood maps across diverse rainfall events and cities (on a minutes and meters scale) that haven’t been seen by the model, which offers valuable insights for urban flood mitigation strategies.
Wen Zhu, Tao Tao, Hexiang Yan, Jieru Yan, Jiaying Wang, Shuping Li, and Kunlun Xin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2035–2050, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2035-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2035-2023, 2023
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To provide a possibility for early warning and forecasting of ponding in the urban drainage system, an optimized long short-term memory (LSTM)-based model is proposed in this paper. It has a remarkable improvement compared to the models based on LSTM and convolutional neural network (CNN) structures. The performance of the corrected model is reliable if the number of monitoring sites is over one per hectare. Increasing the number of monitoring points further has little impact on the performance.
Qianqian Zhou, Shuai Teng, Zuxiang Situ, Xiaoting Liao, Junman Feng, Gongfa Chen, Jianliang Zhang, and Zonglei Lu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1791–1808, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1791-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1791-2023, 2023
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A deep-learning-based data-driven model for flood predictions in temporal and spatial dimensions, with the integration of a long short-term memory network, Bayesian optimization, and transfer learning is proposed. The model accurately predicts water depths and flood time series/dynamics for hyetograph inputs, with substantial improvements in computational time. With transfer learning, the model was well applied to a new case study and showed robust compatibility and generalization ability.
Bianca Rahill-Marier, Naresh Devineni, and Upmanu Lall
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5685–5695, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5685-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5685-2022, 2022
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We present a new approach to modeling extreme regional rainfall by considering the spatial structure of extreme events. The developed models allow a probabilistic exploration of how the regional drainage network may respond to extreme rainfall events and provide a foundation for how future risks may be better estimated.
Matthew Preisser, Paola Passalacqua, R. Patrick Bixler, and Julian Hofmann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 3941–3964, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3941-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-3941-2022, 2022
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There is rising concern in numerous fields regarding the inequitable distribution of human risk to floods. The co-occurrence of river and surface flooding is largely excluded from leading flood hazard mapping services, therefore underestimating hazards. Using high-resolution elevation data and a region-specific social vulnerability index, we developed a method to estimate flood impacts at the household level in near-real time.
Vincent Pons, Rasmus Benestad, Edvard Sivertsen, Tone Merete Muthanna, and Jean-Luc Bertrand-Krajewski
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2855–2874, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2855-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2855-2022, 2022
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Different models were developed to increase the temporal resolution of precipitation time series to minutes. Their applicability under climate change and their suitability for producing input time series for green infrastructure (e.g. green roofs) modelling were evaluated. The robustness of the model was validated against a range of European climates in eight locations in France and Norway. The future hydrological performances of green roofs were evaluated in order to improve design practice.
Elhadi Mohsen Hassan Abdalla, Vincent Pons, Virginia Stovin, Simon De-Ville, Elizabeth Fassman-Beck, Knut Alfredsen, and Tone Merete Muthanna
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5917–5935, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5917-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5917-2021, 2021
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This study investigated the potential of using machine learning algorithms as hydrological models of green roofs across different climatic condition. The study provides comparison between conceptual and machine learning algorithms. Machine learning models were found to be accurate in simulating runoff from extensive green roofs.
Yang Yang and Ting Fong May Chui
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5839–5858, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5839-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5839-2021, 2021
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This study uses explainable machine learning methods to model and interpret the statistical correlations between rainfall and the discharge of urban catchments with sustainable urban drainage systems. The resulting models have good prediction accuracies. However, the right predictions may be made for the wrong reasons as the model cannot provide physically plausible explanations as to why a prediction is made.
Zhengzheng Zhou, James A. Smith, Mary Lynn Baeck, Daniel B. Wright, Brianne K. Smith, and Shuguang Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4701–4717, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4701-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4701-2021, 2021
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The role of rainfall space–time structure in flood response is an important research issue in urban hydrology. This study contributes to this understanding in small urban watersheds. Combining stochastically based rainfall scenarios with a hydrological model, the results show the complexities of flood response for various return periods, implying the common assumptions of spatially uniform rainfall in urban flood frequency are problematic, even for relatively small basin scales.
Yangzi Qiu, Igor da Silva Rocha Paz, Feihu Chen, Pierre-Antoine Versini, Daniel Schertzer, and Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3137–3162, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3137-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3137-2021, 2021
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Our original research objective is to investigate the uncertainties of the hydrological responses of nature-based solutions (NBSs) that result from the multiscale space variability in both the rainfall and the NBS distribution. Results show that the intersection effects of spatial variability in rainfall and the spatial arrangement of NBS can generate uncertainties of peak flow and total runoff volume estimations in NBS scenarios.
Kaihua Guo, Mingfu Guan, and Dapeng Yu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2843–2860, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2843-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2843-2021, 2021
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This study presents a comprehensive review of models and emerging approaches for predicting urban surface water flooding driven by intense rainfall. It explores the advantages and limitations of existing models and identifies major challenges. Issues of model complexities, scale effects, and computational efficiency are also analysed. The results will inform scientists, engineers, and decision-makers of the latest developments and guide the model selection based on desired objectives.
Everett Snieder, Karen Abogadil, and Usman T. Khan
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2543–2566, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2543-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2543-2021, 2021
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Flow distributions are highly skewed, resulting in low prediction accuracy of high flows when using artificial neural networks for flood forecasting. We investigate the use of resampling and ensemble techniques to address the problem of skewed datasets to improve high flow prediction. The methods are implemented both independently and in combined, hybrid techniques. This research presents the first analysis of the effects of combining these methods on high flow prediction accuracy.
Ico Broekhuizen, Günther Leonhardt, Jiri Marsalek, and Maria Viklander
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 869–885, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-869-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-869-2020, 2020
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Urban drainage models are usually calibrated using a few events so that they accurately represent a real-world site. This paper compares 14 single- and two-stage strategies for selecting these events and found significant variation between them in terms of model performance and the obtained values of model parameters. Calibrating parameters for green and impermeable areas in two separate stages improved model performance in the validation period while making calibration easier and faster.
Xuehong Zhu, Qiang Dai, Dawei Han, Lu Zhuo, Shaonan Zhu, and Shuliang Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3353–3372, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3353-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3353-2019, 2019
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Urban flooding exposure is generally investigated with the assumption of stationary disasters and disaster-hit bodies during an event, and thus it cannot satisfy the increasingly elaborate modeling and management of urban floods. In this study, a comprehensive method was proposed to simulate dynamic exposure to urban flooding considering human mobility. Several scenarios, including diverse flooding types and various responses of residents to flooding, were considered.
Joong Gwang Lee, Christopher T. Nietch, and Srinivas Panguluri
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2615–2635, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2615-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2615-2018, 2018
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This paper demonstrates an approach to spatial discretization for analyzing green infrastructure (GI) using SWMM. Besides DCIA, pervious buffers should be identified for GI modeling. Runoff contributions from different spatial components and flow pathways would impact GI performance. The presented approach can reduce the number of calibration parameters and apply scale–independently to a watershed scale. Hydrograph separation can add insights for developing GI scenarios.
Elena Cristiano, Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis, Santiago Gaitan, Susana Ochoa Rodriguez, and Nick van de Giesen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2425–2447, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2425-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2425-2018, 2018
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In this work we investigate the influence rainfall and catchment scales have on hydrological response. This problem is quite relevant in urban areas, where the response is fast due to the high degree of imperviousness. We presented a new approach to classify rainfall variability in space and time and use this classification to investigate rainfall aggregation effects on urban hydrological response. This classification allows the spatial extension of the main core of the storm to be identified.
Suresh Hettiarachchi, Conrad Wasko, and Ashish Sharma
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 2041–2056, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2041-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-2041-2018, 2018
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The study examines the impact of higher temperatures expected in a future climate on how rainfall varies with time during severe storm events. The results show that these impacts increase future flood risk in urban environments and that current design guidelines need to be adjusted so that effective adaptation measures can be implemented.
Stephanie Clark, Ashish Sharma, and Scott A. Sisson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1793–1810, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1793-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1793-2018, 2018
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This study investigates global patterns relating urban river flood impacts to socioeconomic development and changing hydrologic conditions, and comparisons are provided between 98 individual cities. This paper condenses and communicates large amounts of information to accelerate the understanding of relationships between local urban conditions and global processes, and to potentially motivate knowledge transfer between decision-makers facing similar circumstances.
Abdellah Ichiba, Auguste Gires, Ioulia Tchiguirinskaia, Daniel Schertzer, Philippe Bompard, and Marie-Claire Ten Veldhuis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 331–350, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-331-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-331-2018, 2018
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This paper proposes a two-step investigation to illustrate the extent of scale effects in urban hydrology. First, fractal tools are used to highlight the scale dependency observed within GIS data inputted in urban hydrological models. Then an intensive multi-scale modelling work was carried out to confirm effects on model performances. The model was implemented at 17 spatial resolutions ranging from 100 to 5 m. Results allow the understanding of scale challenges in hydrology modelling.
Per Skougaard Kaspersen, Nanna Høegh Ravn, Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Henrik Madsen, and Martin Drews
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4131–4147, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4131-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4131-2017, 2017
Elena Cristiano, Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis, and Nick van de Giesen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3859–3878, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3859-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3859-2017, 2017
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In the last decades, new instruments were developed to measure rainfall and hydrological processes at high resolution. Weather radars are used, for example, to measure how rainfall varies in space and time. At the same time, new models were proposed to reproduce and predict hydrological response, in order to prevent flooding in urban areas. This paper presents a review of our current knowledge of rainfall and hydrological processes in urban areas, focusing on their variability in time and space.
Chiara Arrighi, Hocine Oumeraci, and Fabio Castelli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 515–531, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-515-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-515-2017, 2017
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In developed countries, the majority of fatalities during floods occurs as a consequence of inappropriate high-risk behaviour such as walking or driving in floodwaters. This work addresses pedestrians' instability in floodwaters. It analyses both the contribution of flood and human physical characteristics in the loss of stability highlighting the key role of subject height (submergence) and flow regime. The method consists of a re-analysis of experiments and numerical modelling.
Hjalte Jomo Danielsen Sørup, Stylianos Georgiadis, Ida Bülow Gregersen, and Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 345–355, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-345-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-345-2017, 2017
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In this study we propose a methodology changing present-day precipitation time series to reflect future changed climate. Present-day time series have a much finer resolution than what is provided by climate models and thus have a much broader application range. The proposed methodology is able to replicate most expectations of climate change precipitation. These time series can be used to run fine-scale hydrological and hydraulic models and thereby assess the influence of climate change on them.
Tsun-Hua Yang, Gong-Do Hwang, Chin-Cheng Tsai, and Jui-Yi Ho
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 4731–4745, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4731-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4731-2016, 2016
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Taiwan continues to suffer from floods. This study proposes the integration of rainfall thresholds and ensemble precipitation forecasts to provide probabilistic urban inundation forecasts. Utilization of ensemble precipitation forecasts can extend forecast lead times to 72 h, preceding peak flows and allowing response agencies to take necessary preparatory measures. This study also develops a hybrid of real-time observation and rainfall forecasts to improve the first 24 h inundation forecasts.
Christopher A. Sanchez, Benjamin L. Ruddell, Roy Schiesser, and Venkatesh Merwade
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1289–1299, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1289-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1289-2016, 2016
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The use of authentic learning activities is especially important for place-based geosciences like hydrology, where professional breadth and technical depth are critical for practicing hydrologists. The current study found that integrating computerized learning content into the learning experience, using only a simple spreadsheet tool and readily available hydrological data, can effectively bring the "real world" into the classroom and provide an enriching educational experience.
G. Bruni, R. Reinoso, N. C. van de Giesen, F. H. L. R. Clemens, and J. A. E. ten Veldhuis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 691–709, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-691-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-691-2015, 2015
P. Licznar, C. De Michele, and W. Adamowski
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 485–506, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-485-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-485-2015, 2015
J. Herget, T. Roggenkamp, and M. Krell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4029–4037, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4029-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4029-2014, 2014
F. Beck and A. Bárdossy
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4851–4863, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4851-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4851-2013, 2013
D. H. Trinh and T. F. M. Chui
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4789–4801, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4789-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4789-2013, 2013
J. Y. Wu, J. R. Thompson, R. K. Kolka, K. J. Franz, and T. W. Stewart
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4743–4758, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4743-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4743-2013, 2013
H. Ozdemir, C. C. Sampson, G. A. M. de Almeida, and P. D. Bates
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4015–4030, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4015-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4015-2013, 2013
Y. Seo, N.-J. Choi, and A. R. Schmidt
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3473–3483, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3473-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3473-2013, 2013
J. Epting, F. Händel, and P. Huggenberger
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1851–1869, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1851-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1851-2013, 2013
H.-Y. Shen and L.-C. Chang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 935–945, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-935-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-935-2013, 2013
M. H. Spekkers, M. Kok, F. H. L. R. Clemens, and J. A. E. ten Veldhuis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 913–922, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-913-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-913-2013, 2013
J. J. Lian, K. Xu, and C. Ma
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 679–689, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-679-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-679-2013, 2013
H. T. L. Huong and A. Pathirana
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 379–394, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-379-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-379-2013, 2013
S. Oraei Zare, B. Saghafian, and A. Shamsai
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 4531–4542, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4531-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4531-2012, 2012
R. Archetti, A. Bolognesi, A. Casadio, and M. Maglionico
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 3115–3122, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3115-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3115-2011, 2011
Y.-M. Chiang, L.-C. Chang, M.-J. Tsai, Y.-F. Wang, and F.-J. Chang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 185–196, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-185-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-185-2011, 2011
I. Andrés-Doménech, J. C. Múnera, F. Francés, and J. B. Marco
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 2057–2072, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2057-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2057-2010, 2010
Yen-Ming Chiang, Li-Chiu Chang, Meng-Jung Tsai, Yi-Fung Wang, and Fi-John Chang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1309–1319, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1309-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1309-2010, 2010
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Short summary
The study explores the effect of Anthropocene geology and the computational grid size on the simulation of shallow urban groundwater. Many cities are facing challenges with high groundwater levels close to the surface, yet urban planning and development seldom consider its impact on the groundwater resource. This study illustrates that the urban subsurface infrastructure significantly affects the groundwater flow paths and the residence time of shallow urban groundwater.
The study explores the effect of Anthropocene geology and the computational grid size on the...
