Articles | Volume 27, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-837-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-837-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
16 Feb 2023
Research article |
| 16 Feb 2023
| 16 Feb 2023
Past and future climate change effects on the thermal regime and oxygen solubility of four peri-alpine lakes
Olivia Desgué-Itier
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Laura Melo Vieira Soares
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Orlane Anneville
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Damien Bouffard
Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology,
Surface Waters – Research and Management, 6047 Kastanienbaum, Switzerland
Faculty of Geoscience and Environment, Institute of Earth Surface
Dynamics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
Vincent Chanudet
EDF, Environment and Social Department, Hydro Engineering Centre,
73290 La Motte-Servolex, France
Pierre Alain Danis
Pôle R & D “Ecla”, INRAE, 3275 Route Cézanne, 13182
Aix-en-Provence, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Unité “Ecla”, INRAE, Aix-en-Provence, France
INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, RECOVER, Team FRESHCO, 3275 Route
Cézanne, 13182 Aix-en-Provence, France
Isabelle Domaizon
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Jean Guillard
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Théo Mazure
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Najwa Sharaf
Pôle R & D “Ecla”, INRAE, 3275 Route Cézanne, 13182
Aix-en-Provence, Office Français de la Biodiversité, Unité “Ecla”, INRAE, Aix-en-Provence, France
INRAE, Aix Marseille Univ, RECOVER, Team FRESHCO, 3275 Route
Cézanne, 13182 Aix-en-Provence, France
Frédéric Soulignac
CIPEL, International Commission for the protection of the waters of
Lake Geneva, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland
Viet Tran-Khac
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
Laboratoire Eau, Environnement, Systèmes Urbains (LEESU),
École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Marne-la-Vallée, France
Jean-Philippe Jenny
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Université Savoie Mont Blanc, INRAE, CARRTEL, 74200
Thonon-les-Bains, France
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Fabian Bärenbold, Camilla Capelli, Lukas De Ventura, Stefanie Eyring, Elise Folly, Nicole Gallina, Barbara Känel, Peter Keller, Oliver Köster, Fabio Lepori, Robert Lovas, Michela Rogora, David Janssen, Damien Bouffard, and Martin Schmid
Earth Syst. Sci. Data Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-142, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2026-142, 2026
Preprint under review for ESSD
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In Switzerland, lake monitoring is done by cantons and lake commissions and therefore heterogeneous and often not public. Here, we present a publicly available dataset of physical lake monitoring data of 21 Swiss lakes, including metadata and derived variables. We used the data to compare the evolution of Swiss lakes and we found that temperature, heat content and stratification strength have strongly increased. In contrast, deepwater oxygen do not show clear trends during the last few decades.
Anh-Thái Hoàng, Frédéric Guérin, Chandrashekhar Deshmukh, Axay Vongkhamsao, Saysoulinthone Sopraseuth, Vincent Chanudet, Stéphane Descloux, Nurholis Nurholis, Ari Putra Susanto, Toan Vu Duc, and Dominique Serça
Biogeosciences, 23, 727–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-727-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-727-2026, 2026
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We studied greenhouse gas emissions from a large reservoir in Laos over 14 years to understand carbon cycling and changes over time. Methane release through bubbling remained high, while other pathways, like diffusion and degassing, declined. These findings show how emissions evolve as reservoirs age and highlight the value of long-term studies for understanding the climate impact of hydropower.
Marina Amadori, Abolfazl Irani Rahaghi, Damien Bouffard, and Marco Toffolon
Geosci. Model Dev., 18, 3473–3486, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3473-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-18-3473-2025, 2025
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Models simplify reality using assumptions, which can sometimes introduce flaws and affect their accuracy. Properly calibrating model parameters is essential, and although automated tools can speed up this process, they may occasionally produce incorrect values due to inconsistencies in the model. We demonstrate that by carefully applying automated tools, we were able to identify and correct a flaw in a widely used model for lake environments.
Najwa Sharaf, Jordi Prats, Nathalie Reynaud, Thierry Tormos, Rosalie Bruel, Tiphaine Peroux, and Pierre-Alain Danis
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 5631–5650, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5631-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-5631-2023, 2023
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We present a regional long-term (1959–2020) dataset (LakeTSim) of daily epilimnion and hypolimnion water temperature simulations in 401 French lakes. Overall, less uncertainty is associated with the epilimnion compared to the hypolimnion. LakeTSim is valuable for providing new insights into lake water temperature for assessing the impact of climate change, which is often hindered by the lack of observations, and for decision-making by stakeholders.
Seyed Mahmood Hamze-Ziabari, Ulrich Lemmin, Frédéric Soulignac, Mehrshad Foroughan, and David Andrew Barry
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 8785–8807, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8785-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-8785-2022, 2022
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A procedure combining numerical simulations, remote sensing, and statistical analyses is developed to detect large-scale current systems in large lakes. By applying this novel procedure in Lake Geneva, strategies for detailed transect field studies of the gyres and eddies were developed. Unambiguous field evidence of 3D gyre/eddy structures in full agreement with predictions confirmed the robustness of the proposed procedure.
Artur Safin, Damien Bouffard, Firat Ozdemir, Cintia L. Ramón, James Runnalls, Fotis Georgatos, Camille Minaudo, and Jonas Šukys
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 7715–7730, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7715-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-7715-2022, 2022
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Reconciling the differences between numerical model predictions and observational data is always a challenge. In this paper, we investigate the viability of a novel approach to the calibration of a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model of Lake Geneva, where the target parameters are inferred in terms of distributions. We employ a filtering technique that generates physically consistent model trajectories and implement a neural network to enable bulk-to-skin temperature conversion.
Malgorzata Golub, Wim Thiery, Rafael Marcé, Don Pierson, Inne Vanderkelen, Daniel Mercado-Bettin, R. Iestyn Woolway, Luke Grant, Eleanor Jennings, Benjamin M. Kraemer, Jacob Schewe, Fang Zhao, Katja Frieler, Matthias Mengel, Vasiliy Y. Bogomolov, Damien Bouffard, Marianne Côté, Raoul-Marie Couture, Andrey V. Debolskiy, Bram Droppers, Gideon Gal, Mingyang Guo, Annette B. G. Janssen, Georgiy Kirillin, Robert Ladwig, Madeline Magee, Tadhg Moore, Marjorie Perroud, Sebastiano Piccolroaz, Love Raaman Vinnaa, Martin Schmid, Tom Shatwell, Victor M. Stepanenko, Zeli Tan, Bronwyn Woodward, Huaxia Yao, Rita Adrian, Mathew Allan, Orlane Anneville, Lauri Arvola, Karen Atkins, Leon Boegman, Cayelan Carey, Kyle Christianson, Elvira de Eyto, Curtis DeGasperi, Maria Grechushnikova, Josef Hejzlar, Klaus Joehnk, Ian D. Jones, Alo Laas, Eleanor B. Mackay, Ivan Mammarella, Hampus Markensten, Chris McBride, Deniz Özkundakci, Miguel Potes, Karsten Rinke, Dale Robertson, James A. Rusak, Rui Salgado, Leon van der Linden, Piet Verburg, Danielle Wain, Nicole K. Ward, Sabine Wollrab, and Galina Zdorovennova
Geosci. Model Dev., 15, 4597–4623, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4597-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-4597-2022, 2022
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Lakes and reservoirs are warming across the globe. To better understand how lakes are changing and to project their future behavior amidst various sources of uncertainty, simulations with a range of lake models are required. This in turn requires international coordination across different lake modelling teams worldwide. Here we present a protocol for and results from coordinated simulations of climate change impacts on lakes worldwide.
Tomy Doda, Cintia L. Ramón, Hugo N. Ulloa, Alfred Wüest, and Damien Bouffard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 331–353, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-331-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-331-2022, 2022
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At night or during cold periods, the shallow littoral region of lakes cools faster than their deeper interior. This induces a cold downslope current that carries littoral waters offshore. From a 1-year-long database collected in a small temperate lake, we resolve the seasonality of this current and report its frequent occurrence from summer to winter. This study contributes to a better quantification of lateral exchange in lakes, with implications for the transport of dissolved compounds.
Marco Toffolon, Luca Cortese, and Damien Bouffard
Geosci. Model Dev., 14, 7527–7543, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7527-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-7527-2021, 2021
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The time when lakes freeze varies considerably from year to year. A common way to predict it is to use negative degree days, i.e., the sum of air temperatures below 0 °C, a proxy for the heat lost to the atmosphere. Here, we show that this is insufficient as the mixing of the surface layer induced by wind tends to delay the formation of ice. To do so, we developed a minimal model based on a simplified energy balance, which can be used both for large-scale analyses and short-term predictions.
Pascal Perolo, Bieito Fernández Castro, Nicolas Escoffier, Thibault Lambert, Damien Bouffard, and Marie-Elodie Perga
Earth Syst. Dynam., 12, 1169–1189, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1169-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-1169-2021, 2021
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Wind blowing over the ocean creates waves that, by increasing the level of turbulence, promote gas exchange at the air–water interface. In this study, for the first time, we measured enhanced gas exchanges by wind-induced waves at the surface of a large lake. We adapted an ocean-based model to account for the effect of surface waves on gas exchange in lakes. We finally show that intense wind events with surface waves contribute disproportionately to the annual CO2 gas flux in a large lake.
Francesco Piccioni, Céline Casenave, Bruno Jacques Lemaire, Patrick Le Moigne, Philippe Dubois, and Brigitte Vinçon-Leite
Earth Syst. Dynam., 12, 439–456, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-439-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-12-439-2021, 2021
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Small lakes are ecosystems highly impacted by climate change. Here, the thermal regime of a small, shallow lake over the past six decades was reconstructed via 3D modelling. Significant changes were found: strong water warming in spring and summer (0.7 °C/decade) as well as increased stratification and thermal energy for cyanobacteria growth, especially in spring. The strong spatial patterns detected for stratification might create local conditions particularly favourable to cyanobacteria bloom.
Cintia L. Ramón, Hugo N. Ulloa, Tomy Doda, Kraig B. Winters, and Damien Bouffard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1813–1825, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1813-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1813-2021, 2021
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When solar radiation penetrates the frozen surface of lakes, shallower zones underneath warm faster than deep interior waters. This numerical study shows that the transport of excess heat to the lake interior depends on the lake circulation, affected by Earth's rotation, and controls the lake warming rates and the spatial distribution of the heat flux across the ice–water interface. This work contributes to the understanding of the circulation and thermal structure patterns of ice-covered lakes.
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Short summary
The long-term effects of climate change will include an increase in lake surface and deep water temperatures. Incorporating up to 6 decades of limnological monitoring into an improved 1D lake model approach allows us to predict the thermal regime and oxygen solubility in four peri-alpine lakes over the period 1850–2100. Our modeling approach includes a revised selection of forcing variables and provides a way to investigate the impacts of climate variations on lakes for centennial timescales.
The long-term effects of climate change will include an increase in lake surface and deep water...
