Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 25, issue 4
Articles | Volume 25, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2089-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2089-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 25, issue 4
Research article
 | 
20 Apr 2021
Research article |  | 20 Apr 2021

Impact of frozen soil processes on soil thermal characteristics at seasonal to decadal scales over the Tibetan Plateau and North China

Qian Li, Yongkang Xue, and Ye Liu

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Cited articles

Bai, L., Yao, Y. B., Lei, X. X., and Zhang, L.: Annual and seasonal variation characteristics of Surface temperature in the Tibetan Plateau in recent 40 years, Journal of Geomatics, 43, 15–18, 2018. 
Bao, H., Koike, T., Yang, K., Wang, L., Shrestha, M., and Lawford, P.: Development of an enthalpy-based frozen soil model and its validation in a cold region in China, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 5259–5280, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015jd024451, 2016. 
Bi, H., Ma, J., Zheng, W., and Zeng, J.: Comparison of soil moisture in GLDAS model simulations and in situ observations over the Tibetan Plateau, J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos., 121, 2658–2678, 2016. 
Chen, Y., Yang, K., Zhou, D., Qin, J., and Guo, X.: Improving the Noah Land Surface Model in Arid Regions with an Appropriate Parameterization of the Thermal Roughness Length, J. Hydrometeorol., 11, 995–1006, https://doi.org/10.1175/2010jhm1185.1, 2010. 
China Meteorological Administration: Dataset of monthly surface climatological data (1951–present) from 613 stations in China, available at: https://data.cma.cn/data/cdcdetail/dataCode/SURF_CLI_CHN_MUL_MON.html (last access: 3 January 2020), 2008. 
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Most land surface models have difficulty in capturing the freeze–thaw cycle in the Tibetan Plateau and North China. This paper introduces a physically more realistic and efficient frozen soil module (FSM) into the SSiB3 model (SSiB3-FSM). A new and more stable semi-implicit scheme and a physics-based freezing–thawing scheme were applied, and results show that SSiB3-FSM can be used as an effective model for soil thermal characteristics at seasonal to decadal scales over frozen ground.
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