Articles | Volume 28, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2107-2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-2107-2024
Research article
 | 
14 May 2024
Research article |  | 14 May 2024

Enhancing long short-term memory (LSTM)-based streamflow prediction with a spatially distributed approach

Qiutong Yu, Bryan A. Tolson, Hongren Shen, Ming Han, Juliane Mai, and Jimmy Lin

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Subject: Catchment hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
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Cited articles

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Arsenault, R., Martel, J.-L., Brunet, F., Brissette, F., and Mai, J.: Continuous streamflow prediction in ungauged basins: long short-term memory neural networks clearly outperform traditional hydrological models, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 139–157, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-139-2023, 2023. 
Bindas, T., Tsai, W. P., Liu, J., Rahmani, F., Feng, D., Bian, Y., Lawson, K., and Shen, C.: Improving River Routing Using a Differentiable Muskingum-Cunge Model and Physics-Informed Machine Learning, Water Resour. Res., 60, e2023WR035337, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023WR035337, 2024. 
Camera, C., Bruggeman, A., Zittis, G., Sofokleous, I., and Arnault, J.: Simulation of extreme rainfall and streamflow events in small Mediterranean watersheds with a one-way-coupled atmospheric–hydrologic modelling system, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2791–2810, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2791-2020, 2020. 
Craig, J. R., Brown, G., Chlumsky, R., Jenkinson, R. W., Jost, G., Lee, K., Mai, J., Serrer, M., Sgro, N., Shafii, M., Snowdon, A. P., and Tolson, B. A.: Flexible watershed simulation with the Raven hydrological modelling framework, Environ. Model. Softw., 129, 104728, https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENVSOFT.2020.104728, 2020. 
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Short summary
It is challenging to incorporate input variables' spatial distribution information when implementing long short-term memory (LSTM) models for streamflow prediction. This work presents a novel hybrid modelling approach to predict streamflow while accounting for spatial variability. We evaluated the performance against lumped LSTM predictions in 224 basins across the Great Lakes region in North America. This approach shows promise for predicting streamflow in large, ungauged basin.
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