Articles | Volume 26, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-375-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-375-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
24 Jan 2022
Research article |
| 24 Jan 2022
| 24 Jan 2022
Climatic and anthropogenic drivers of a drying Himalayan river
Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana, USA
School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
Zubair A. Dar
Energy and Resources Group, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
Marc F. Müller
Environmental Change Initiative, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, USA
Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame Indiana, USA
Related authors
Gopal Penny, Diogo Bolster, and Marc F. Müller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1187–1202, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In residential areas with a high housing density, septic contamination of private wells raises multiple health concerns. Often, few regulations exist to ensure good water quality in such systems, and water quality is often left to the homeowner. To address the potential obstacles to effective management, we identify situations where misplaced economic incentives hinder effective policy to support water quality in such systems.
Connor Mullen, Gopal Penny, and Marc F. Müller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2373–2386, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2373-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2373-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The level of lake water is rapidly changing globally, and long-term, consistent observations of lake water extents are essential for ascertaining and attributing these changes. These data are rarely collected and challenging to obtain from satellite imagery. The proposed method addresses these challenges without any local data, and it was successfully validated against lakes with and without ground data. The algorithm is a valuable tool for the reliable historical water extent of changing lakes.
Gopal Penny, Diogo Bolster, and Marc F. Müller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1187–1202, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1187-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1187-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
In residential areas with a high housing density, septic contamination of private wells raises multiple health concerns. Often, few regulations exist to ensure good water quality in such systems, and water quality is often left to the homeowner. To address the potential obstacles to effective management, we identify situations where misplaced economic incentives hinder effective policy to support water quality in such systems.
Connor Mullen, Gopal Penny, and Marc F. Müller
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2373–2386, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2373-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2373-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The level of lake water is rapidly changing globally, and long-term, consistent observations of lake water extents are essential for ascertaining and attributing these changes. These data are rarely collected and challenging to obtain from satellite imagery. The proposed method addresses these challenges without any local data, and it was successfully validated against lakes with and without ground data. The algorithm is a valuable tool for the reliable historical water extent of changing lakes.
Nicolas Avisse, Amaury Tilmant, Marc François Müller, and Hua Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6445–6459, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6445-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6445-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Information on small reservoir storage is crucial for water management in a river basin. However, it is most of the time not freely available in remote, ungauged, or conflict-torn areas. We propose a novel approach using satellite imagery information only to quantitatively estimate storage variations in such inaccessible areas. We apply the method to southern Syria, where ground monitoring is impeded by the ongoing civil war, and validate it against in situ measurements in neighbouring Jordan.
M. F. Müller and S. E. Thompson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 669–683, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-669-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-669-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We compare a stochastic (process-based) and statistical (data-based) method to predict flow duration curves in ungauged basins, under stationary and non-stationary conditions, and using Nepal as a case study. Both methods worked well in stationary conditions, with performances driven by the main source of runoff heterogeneity (climate vs. recession). The stochastic model worked better under change, and the performance of the statistical model was determined by the resilience of the flow regime.
M. F. Müller and S. E. Thompson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2925–2942, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2925-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2925-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We introduce TopREML as a method to predict runoff signatures in ungauged basins using linear mixed models with spatially correlated random effects. The nested nature of streamflow networks is accounted for by allowing for stronger correlations between flow-connected basins. The restricted maximum likelihood framework provides best linear unbiased predictions of both the predicted flow variable and its uncertainty as shown in Monte Carlo and cross-validation analyses in Nepal and Austria.
Related subject area
Subject: Catchment hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Remote Sensing and GIS
Sediment transport in South Asian rivers high enough to impact satellite gravimetry
On the timescale of drought indices for monitoring streamflow drought considering catchment hydrological regimes
Pairing remote sensing and clustering in landscape hydrology for large-scale change identification: an application to the subarctic watershed of the George River (Nunavik, Canada)
Uncertainty assessment of satellite remote-sensing-based evapotranspiration estimates: a systematic review of methods and gaps
Monitoring the extreme flood events in the Yangtze River basin based on GRACE and GRACE-FO satellite data
Predicting soil moisture conditions across a heterogeneous boreal catchment using terrain indices
A combined use of in situ and satellite-derived observations to characterize surface hydrology and its variability in the Congo River basin
Monitoring surface water dynamics in the Prairie Pothole Region of North Dakota using dual-polarised Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) time series
Watershed zonation through hillslope clustering for tractably quantifying above- and below-ground watershed heterogeneity and functions
On the selection of precipitation products for the regionalisation of hydrological model parameters
Discharge of groundwater flow to Potter Cove on King George Island, Antarctic Peninsula
The value of ASCAT soil moisture and MODIS snow cover data for calibrating a conceptual hydrologic model
Systematic comparison of five machine-learning models in classification and interpolation of soil particle size fractions using different transformed data
Using hydrological and climatic catchment clusters to explore drivers of catchment behavior
Using MODIS estimates of fractional snow cover area to improve streamflow forecasts in interior Alaska
Informing a hydrological model of the Ogooué with multi-mission remote sensing data
Spatial characterization of long-term hydrological change in the Arkavathy watershed adjacent to Bangalore, India
Spatial pattern evaluation of a calibrated national hydrological model – a remote-sensing-based diagnostic approach
A method to employ the spatial organization of catchments into semi-distributed rainfall–runoff models
Multi-source hydrological soil moisture state estimation using data fusion optimisation
Temporal and spatial evaluation of satellite-based rainfall estimates across the complex topographical and climatic gradients of Chile
Daily Landsat-scale evapotranspiration estimation over a forested landscape in North Carolina, USA, using multi-satellite data fusion
Using object-based geomorphometry for hydro-geomorphological analysis in a Mediterranean research catchment
Comparing the Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII) with root zone storage in a lumped conceptual model
Case-based knowledge formalization and reasoning method for digital terrain analysis – application to extracting drainage networks
Improved large-scale hydrological modelling through the assimilation of streamflow and downscaled satellite soil moisture observations
Vegetative impacts upon bedload transport capacity and channel stability for differing alluvial planforms in the Yellow River source zone
Evaluation of global fine-resolution precipitation products and their uncertainty quantification in ensemble discharge simulations
Multidecadal change in streamflow associated with anthropogenic disturbances in the tropical Andes
Integration of 2-D hydraulic model and high-resolution lidar-derived DEM for floodplain flow modeling
Relating seasonal dynamics of enhanced vegetation index to the recycling of water in two endorheic river basins in north-west China
Urbanization dramatically altered the water balances of a paddy field-dominated basin in southern China
GRACE storage-runoff hystereses reveal the dynamics of regional watersheds
Impacts of high inter-annual variability of rainfall on a century of extreme hydrologic regime of northwest Australia
Identification of catchment functional units by time series of thermal remote sensing images
Flow regime change in an endorheic basin in southern Ethiopia
Evaluating digital terrain indices for soil wetness mapping – a Swedish case study
The suitability of remotely sensed soil moisture for improving operational flood forecasting
Modelling stream flow and quantifying blue water using a modified STREAM model for a heterogeneous, highly utilized and data-scarce river basin in Africa
Operational reservoir inflow forecasting with radar altimetry: the Zambezi case study
Three perceptions of the evapotranspiration landscape: comparing spatial patterns from a distributed hydrological model, remotely sensed surface temperatures, and sub-basin water balances
Assessment of waterlogging in agricultural megaprojects in the closed drainage basins of the Western Desert of Egypt
Estimating water discharge from large radar altimetry datasets
Estimation of antecedent wetness conditions for flood modelling in northern Morocco
MODIS snow cover mapping accuracy in a small mountain catchment – comparison between open and forest sites
The AACES field experiments: SMOS calibration and validation across the Murrumbidgee River catchment
A soil moisture and temperature network for SMOS validation in Western Denmark
Classification and flow prediction in a data-scarce watershed of the equatorial Nile region
On the use of AMSU-based products for the description of soil water content at basin scale
Estimating flooded area and mean water level using active and passive microwaves: the example of Paraná River Delta floodplain
Alexandra Klemme, Thorsten Warneke, Heinrich Bovensmann, Matthias Weigelt, Jürgen Müller, Tim Rixen, Justus Notholt, and Claus Lämmerzahl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1527–1538, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1527-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1527-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite data help estimate groundwater depletion, but earlier assessments missed mass loss from river sediment. In the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna (GBM) river system, sediment accounts for 4 % of the depletion. Correcting for sediment in the GBM mountains reduces estimated depletion by 14 %. It's important to note that the Himalayas' uplift may offset some sediment-induced mass loss. This understanding is vital for accurate water storage trend assessments and sustainable groundwater management.
Oscar M. Baez-Villanueva, Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, Diego G. Miralles, Hylke E. Beck, Jonatan F. Siegmund, Camila Alvarez-Garreton, Koen Verbist, René Garreaud, Juan Pablo Boisier, and Mauricio Galleguillos
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 1415–1439, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1415-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1415-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
Various drought indices exist, but there is no consensus on which index to use to assess streamflow droughts. This study addresses meteorological, soil moisture, and snow indices along with their temporal scales to assess streamflow drought across hydrologically diverse catchments. Using data from 100 Chilean catchments, findings suggest that there is not a single drought index that can be used for all catchments and that snow-influenced areas require drought indices with larger temporal scales.
Eliot Sicaud, Daniel Fortier, Jean-Pierre Dedieu, and Jan Franssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 65–86, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-65-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-65-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
For vast northern watersheds, hydrological data are often sparse and incomplete. Our study used remote sensing and clustering to produce classifications of the George River watershed (GRW). Results show two types of subwatersheds with different hydrological behaviors. The GRW experienced a homogenization of subwatershed types likely due to an increase in vegetation productivity, which could explain the measured decline of 1 % (~0.16 km3 y−1) in the George River’s discharge since the mid-1970s.
Bich Ngoc Tran, Johannes van der Kwast, Solomon Seyoum, Remko Uijlenhoet, Graham Jewitt, and Marloes Mul
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4505–4528, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4505-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4505-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Satellite data are increasingly used to estimate evapotranspiration (ET) or the amount of water moving from plants, soils, and water bodies into the atmosphere over large areas. Uncertainties from various sources affect the accuracy of these calculations. This study reviews the methods to assess the uncertainties of such ET estimations. It provides specific recommendations for a comprehensive assessment that assists in the potential uses of these data for research, monitoring, and management.
Jingkai Xie, Yue-Ping Xu, Hongjie Yu, Yan Huang, and Yuxue Guo
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5933–5954, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5933-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5933-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Monitoring extreme flood events has long been a hot topic for hydrologists and decision makers around the world. In this study, we propose a new index incorporating satellite observations combined with meteorological data to monitor extreme flood events at sub-monthly timescales for the Yangtze River basin (YRB), China. The conclusions drawn from this study provide important implications for flood hazard prevention and water resource management over this region.
Johannes Larson, William Lidberg, Anneli M. Ågren, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4837–4851, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Terrain indices constitute a good candidate for modelling the spatial variation of soil moisture conditions in many landscapes. In this study, we evaluate nine terrain indices on varying DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds with validation using an extensive field soil moisture class inventory. We demonstrate the importance of field validation for selecting the appropriate DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds and that failing to do so can result in ambiguous and incorrect results.
Benjamin Kitambo, Fabrice Papa, Adrien Paris, Raphael M. Tshimanga, Stephane Calmant, Ayan Santos Fleischmann, Frederic Frappart, Melanie Becker, Mohammad J. Tourian, Catherine Prigent, and Johary Andriambeloson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1857–1882, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1857-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1857-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This study presents a better characterization of surface hydrology variability in the Congo River basin, the second largest river system in the world. We jointly use a large record of in situ and satellite-derived observations to monitor the spatial distribution and different timings of the Congo River basin's annual flood dynamic, including its peculiar bimodal pattern.
Stefan Schlaffer, Marco Chini, Wouter Dorigo, and Simon Plank
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 841–860, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-841-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-841-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Prairie wetlands are important for biodiversity and water availability. Knowledge about their variability and spatial distribution is of great use in conservation and water resources management. In this study, we propose a novel approach for the classification of small water bodies from satellite radar images and apply it to our study area over 6 years. The retrieved dynamics show the different responses of small and large wetlands to dry and wet periods.
Haruko M. Wainwright, Sebastian Uhlemann, Maya Franklin, Nicola Falco, Nicholas J. Bouskill, Michelle E. Newcomer, Baptiste Dafflon, Erica R. Siirila-Woodburn, Burke J. Minsley, Kenneth H. Williams, and Susan S. Hubbard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 429–444, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-429-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-429-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
This paper has developed a tractable approach for characterizing watershed heterogeneity and its relationship with key functions such as ecosystem sensitivity to droughts and nitrogen export. We have applied clustering methods to classify hillslopes into
watershed zonesthat have distinct distributions of bedrock-to-canopy properties as well as key functions. This is a powerful approach for guiding watershed experiments and sampling as well as informing hydrological and biogeochemical models.
Oscar M. Baez-Villanueva, Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, Pablo A. Mendoza, Ian McNamara, Hylke E. Beck, Joschka Thurner, Alexandra Nauditt, Lars Ribbe, and Nguyen Xuan Thinh
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5805–5837, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5805-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5805-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Most rivers worldwide are ungauged, which hinders the sustainable management of water resources. Regionalisation methods use information from gauged rivers to estimate streamflow over ungauged ones. Through hydrological modelling, we assessed how the selection of precipitation products affects the performance of three regionalisation methods. We found that a precipitation product that provides the best results in hydrological modelling does not necessarily perform the best for regionalisation.
Ulrike Falk and Adrián Silva-Busso
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3227–3244, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3227-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3227-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper focuses on the groundwater flow aspects of a small hydrological catchment at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula. This region has experienced drastic climatological changes in the recent past. The basin is representative for the rugged coastline of the peninsula. It is discussed as a case study for possible future evolution of similar basins further south. Results include a quantitative analysis of glacial and groundwater contribution to total discharge into coastal waters.
Rui Tong, Juraj Parajka, Andreas Salentinig, Isabella Pfeil, Jürgen Komma, Borbála Széles, Martin Kubáň, Peter Valent, Mariette Vreugdenhil, Wolfgang Wagner, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1389–1410, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1389-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We used a new and experimental version of the Advanced Scatterometer (ASCAT) soil water index data set and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) C6 snow cover products for multiple objective calibrations of the TUWmodel in 213 catchments of Austria. Combined calibration to runoff, satellite soil moisture, and snow cover improves runoff (40 % catchments), soil moisture (80 % catchments), and snow (~ 100 % catchments) simulation compared to traditional calibration to runoff only.
Mo Zhang, Wenjiao Shi, and Ziwei Xu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2505–2526, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2505-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2505-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We systematically compared 45 models for direct and indirect soil texture classification and soil particle size fraction interpolation based on 5 machine-learning models and 3 log-ratio transformation methods. Random forest showed powerful performance in both classification of imbalanced data and regression assessment. Extreme gradient boosting is more meaningful and computationally efficient when dealing with large data sets. The indirect classification and log-ratio methods are recommended.
Florian U. Jehn, Konrad Bestian, Lutz Breuer, Philipp Kraft, and Tobias Houska
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1081–1100, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1081-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1081-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We grouped 643 rivers from the United States into 10 behavioral groups based on their hydrological behavior (e.g., how much water they transport overall). Those groups are aligned with the ecoregions in the United States. Depending on the groups’ location and other characteristics, either snow, aridity or seasonality is most important for the behavior of the rivers in a group. We also find that very similar river behavior can be found in rivers far apart and with different characteristics.
Katrina E. Bennett, Jessica E. Cherry, Ben Balk, and Scott Lindsey
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2439–2459, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2439-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2439-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Remotely sensed snow observations may improve operational streamflow forecasting in remote regions, such as Alaska. In this study, we insert remotely sensed observations of snow extent into the operational framework employed by the US National Weather Service’s Alaska Pacific River Forecast Center. Our work indicates that the snow observations can improve snow estimates and streamflow forecasting. This work provides direction for forecasters to implement remote sensing in their operations.
Cecile M. M. Kittel, Karina Nielsen, Christian Tøttrup, and Peter Bauer-Gottwein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1453–1472, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1453-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1453-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
In this study, we integrate free, global Earth observations in a user-friendly and flexible model to reliably characterize an otherwise unmonitored river basin. The proposed model is the best baseline characterization of the Ogooué basin in light of available observations. Furthermore, the study shows the potential of using new, publicly available Earth observations and a suitable model structure to obtain new information in poorly monitored or remote areas and to support user requirements.
Gopal Penny, Veena Srinivasan, Iryna Dronova, Sharachchandra Lele, and Sally Thompson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 595–610, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-595-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-595-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Water resources in the Arkavathy watershed in southern India are changing due to human modification of the landscape, including changing agricultural practices and urbanization. We analyze surface water resources in man-made lakes in satellite imagery over a period of 4 decades and find drying in the northern part of the watershed (characterized by heavy agriculture) and wetting downstream of urban areas. Drying in the watershed is associated with groundwater-irrigated agriculture.
Gorka Mendiguren, Julian Koch, and Simon Stisen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5987–6005, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5987-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5987-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
The present study is focused on the spatial pattern evaluation of two models and describes the similarities and dissimilarities. It also discusses the factors that generate these patterns and proposes similar new approaches to minimize the differences. The study points towards a new approach in which the spatial component of the hydrological model is also calibrated and taken into account.
Henning Oppel and Andreas Schumann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4259–4282, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4259-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4259-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
How can we evaluate the heterogeneity of natural watersheds and how can we assess its spatial organization? How can we make use of this information for hydrological models and is it beneficial to our models? We propose a method display and assess the interaction of catchment characteristics with the flow path which we defined as the ordering scheme within a basin. A newly implemented algorithm brings this information to the set-up of a model and our results show an increase in model performance.
Lu Zhuo and Dawei Han
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3267–3285, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3267-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3267-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Reliable estimation of hydrological soil moisture state is of critical importance in operational hydrology to improve the flood prediction and hydrological cycle description. This paper attempts for the first time to build a soil moisture product directly applicable to hydrology using multiple data sources retrieved from remote sensing and land surface modelling. The result shows a significant improvement of the soil moisture state accuracy; the method can be easily applied in other catchments.
Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, Alexandra Nauditt, Christian Birkel, Koen Verbist, and Lars Ribbe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1295–1320, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1295-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1295-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work exhaustively evaluates – for the first time – the suitability of seven state-of-the-art satellite-based rainfall estimates (SREs) over the complex topography and diverse climatic gradients of Chile.
Several indices of performance are used for different timescales and elevation zones. Our analysis reveals what SREs are in closer agreement to ground-based observations and what indices allow for understanding mismatches in shape, magnitude, variability and intensity of precipitation.
Yun Yang, Martha C. Anderson, Feng Gao, Christopher R. Hain, Kathryn A. Semmens, William P. Kustas, Asko Noormets, Randolph H. Wynne, Valerie A. Thomas, and Ge Sun
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1017–1037, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1017-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1017-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This work explores the utility of a thermal remote sensing based MODIS/Landsat ET data fusion procedure over a mixed forested/agricultural landscape in North Carolina, USA. The daily ET retrieved at 30 m resolution agreed well with measured fluxes in a clear-cut and a mature pine stand. An accounting of consumptive water use by land cover classes is presented, as well as relative partitioning of ET between evaporation (E) and transpiration (T) components.
Domenico Guida, Albina Cuomo, and Vincenzo Palmieri
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3493–3509, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3493-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3493-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The authors apply an object-based geomorphometric procedure to define the runoff contribution areas. The results enabled us to identify the contribution area related to the different runoff components activated during the storm events through an advanced hydro-chemical analysis. This kind of approach could be useful applied to similar, rainfall-dominated, forested and no-karst Mediterranean catchments.
Nutchanart Sriwongsitanon, Hongkai Gao, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Ekkarin Maekan, Sirikanya Saengsawang, and Sansarith Thianpopirug
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3361–3377, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3361-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3361-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We demonstrated that the readily available NDII remote sensing product is a very useful proxy for moisture storage in the root zone of vegetation. We compared the temporal variation of the NDII with the root zone storage in a hydrological model of eight catchments in the Upper Ping River in Thailand, yielding very good results. Having a reliable NDII product that can help us to estimate the actual moisture storage in catchments is a major contribution to prediction in ungauged basins.
Cheng-Zhi Qin, Xue-Wei Wu, Jing-Chao Jiang, and A-Xing Zhu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3379–3392, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3379-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3379-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Application of digital terrain analysis (DTA), which is typically a modeling process involving workflow building, relies heavily on DTA domain knowledge. However, the DTA knowledge has not been formalized well to be available for inference in automatic tools. We propose a case-based methodology to solve this problem. This methodology can also be applied to other domains of geographical modeling with a similar situation.
Patricia López López, Niko Wanders, Jaap Schellekens, Luigi J. Renzullo, Edwin H. Sutanudjaja, and Marc F. P. Bierkens
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3059–3076, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3059-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3059-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
We perform a joint assimilation experiment of high-resolution satellite soil moisture and discharge observations in the Murrumbidgee River basin with a large-scale hydrological model. Additionally, we study the impact of high- and low-resolution meteorological forcing on the model performance. We show that the assimilation of high-resolution satellite soil moisture and discharge observations has a significant impact on discharge simulations and can bring them closer to locally calibrated models.
Zhi Wei Li, Guo An Yu, Gary Brierley, and Zhao Yin Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3013–3025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3013-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3013-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Influence of vegetation upon bedload transport and channel morphodynamics is examined along a channel stability gradient ranging from meandering to anabranching to anabranching–braided to fully braided planform conditions along trunk and tributary reaches of the Yellow River source zone in western China. This innovative work reveals complex interactions between channel planform, bedload transport capacity, sediment supply in the flood season, and the hydraulic role of vegetation.
W. Qi, C. Zhang, G. Fu, C. Sweetapple, and H. Zhou
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 903–920, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-903-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-903-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Six precipitation products, including TRMM3B42, TRMM3B42RT, GLDAS/Noah, APHRODITE, PERSIANN, and GSMAP-MVK+, are investigated in the usually neglected area of NE China, and a framework is developed to quantify the contributions of uncertainties from precipitation products, hydrological models, and their interactions to uncertainty in simulated discharges. It is found that interactions between hydrological models and precipitation products contribute significantly to uncertainty in discharge.
A. Molina, V. Vanacker, E. Brisson, D. Mora, and V. Balthazar
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4201–4213, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4201-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Andean catchments play a key role in the provision of freshwater resources. The development of megacities in the inter-Andean valleys raises severe concerns about growing water scarcity. This study is one of the first long-term (1970s-now) analyses of the role of land cover and climate change on provision and regulation of streamflow in the tropical Andes. Forest conversion had the largest impact on streamflow, leading to a 10 % net decrease in streamflow over the last 40 years.
D. Shen, J. Wang, X. Cheng, Y. Rui, and S. Ye
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3605–3616, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3605-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3605-2015, 2015
M. A. Matin and C. P.-A. Bourque
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3387–3403, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3387-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3387-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
This paper describes a methodology in analysing the interdependencies between components of the hydrological cycle and vegetation characteristics at different elevation zones of two endorheic river basins in an arid-mountainous region of NW China. The analysis shows that oasis vegetation has an important function in sustaining the water cycle in the river basins and oasis vegetation is dependent on surface and shallow subsurface water flow from mountain sources.
L. Hao, G. Sun, Y. Liu, J. Wan, M. Qin, H. Qian, C. Liu, J. Zheng, R. John, P. Fan, and J. Chen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3319–3331, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3319-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3319-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The role of land cover in affecting hydrologic and environmental changes in the humid region in southern China is not well studied. We found that high flows and low flows increased and evapotranspiration decreased due to urbanization in the Qinhuai River basin. Urbanization masked climate warming effects in a rice-paddy-dominated watershed in altering long-term hydrology. Flooding risks and heat island effects are expected to rise due to urbanization.
E. A. Sproles, S. G. Leibowitz, J. T. Reager, P. J. Wigington Jr, J. S. Famiglietti, and S. D. Patil
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3253–3272, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3253-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3253-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The paper demonstrates how data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) can be used to describe the relationship between water stored at the regional scale and stream flow. Additionally, we employ GRACE as a regional-scale indicator to successfully predict stream flow later in the water year. Our work focuses on the Columbia River Basin (North America), but is widely applicable across the globe, and could prove to be particularly useful in regions with limited hydrological data.
A. Rouillard, G. Skrzypek, S. Dogramaci, C. Turney, and P. F. Grierson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2057–2078, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2057-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2057-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We reconstructed a 100-year monthly history of flooding and drought of a large wetland in arid northwest Australia, using hydroclimatic data calibrated against 25 years of satellite images. Severe and intense regional rainfall, as well as the sequence of events, determined surface water expression on the floodplain. While inter-annual variability was high, changes to the flood regime over the last 20 years suggest the wetland may become more persistent in response to the observed rainfall trend.
B. Müller, M. Bernhardt, and K. Schulz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 5345–5359, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5345-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5345-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
We present a method to define hydrological landscape units by a time series of thermal infrared satellite data. Land surface temperature is calculated for 28 images in 12 years for a catchment in Luxembourg. Pattern measures show spatio-temporal persistency; principle component analysis extracts relevant patterns. Functional units represent similar behaving entities based on a representative set of images. Resulting classification and patterns are discussed regarding potential applications.
F. F. Worku, M. Werner, N. Wright, P. van der Zaag, and S. S. Demissie
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3837–3853, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3837-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3837-2014, 2014
A. M. Ågren, W. Lidberg, M. Strömgren, J. Ogilvie, and P. A. Arp
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3623–3634, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3623-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3623-2014, 2014
N. Wanders, D. Karssenberg, A. de Roo, S. M. de Jong, and M. F. P. Bierkens
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2343–2357, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2343-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2343-2014, 2014
J. K. Kiptala, M. L. Mul, Y. A. Mohamed, and P. van der Zaag
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2287–2303, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2287-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2287-2014, 2014
C. I. Michailovsky and P. Bauer-Gottwein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 997–1007, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-997-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-997-2014, 2014
T. Conradt, F. Wechsung, and A. Bronstert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2947–2966, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2947-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2947-2013, 2013
M. El Bastawesy, R. Ramadan Ali, A. Faid, and M. El Osta
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1493–1501, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1493-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1493-2013, 2013
A. C. V. Getirana and C. Peters-Lidard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 923–933, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-923-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-923-2013, 2013
Y. Tramblay, R. Bouaicha, L. Brocca, W. Dorigo, C. Bouvier, S. Camici, and E. Servat
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 4375–4386, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4375-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4375-2012, 2012
J. Parajka, L. Holko, Z. Kostka, and G. Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2365–2377, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2365-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2365-2012, 2012
S. Peischl, J. P. Walker, C. Rüdiger, N. Ye, Y. H. Kerr, E. Kim, R. Bandara, and M. Allahmoradi
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1697–1708, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1697-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1697-2012, 2012
S. Bircher, N. Skou, K. H. Jensen, J. P. Walker, and L. Rasmussen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1445–1463, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1445-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1445-2012, 2012
J.-M. Kileshye Onema, A. E. Taigbenu, and J. Ndiritu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1435–1443, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1435-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1435-2012, 2012
S. Manfreda, T. Lacava, B. Onorati, N. Pergola, M. Di Leo, M. R. Margiotta, and V. Tramutoli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2839–2852, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2839-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2839-2011, 2011
M. Salvia, F. Grings, P. Ferrazzoli, V. Barraza, V. Douna, P. Perna, C. Bruscantini, and H. Karszenbaum
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2679–2692, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2679-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2679-2011, 2011
Cited articles
Aeschbach-Hertig, W. and Gleeson, T.: Regional strategies for the accelerating
global problem of groundwater depletion, Nat. Geosci., 5, 853–861,
https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo1617, 2012. a
Alam, A., Bhat, M. S., and Maheen, M.: Using Landsat satellite data for
assessing the land use and land cover change in Kashmir valley, GeoJournal,
85, 1529–1543, 2020. a
Ashouri, H., Hsu, K.-L., Sorooshian, S., Braithwaite, D. K., Knapp, K. R.,
Cecil, L. D., Nelson, B. R., and Prat, O. P.: PERSIANN-CDR: Daily
precipitation climate data record from multisatellite observations for
hydrological and climate studies, B. Am. Meteorol.
Soc., 96, 69–83, 2015 (data available at: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/NOAA_PERSIANN-CDR, last access: 30 November 2020). a, b
Badar, B., Romshoo, S. A., and Khan, M. A.: Integrating biophysical and
socioeconomic information for prioritizing watersheds in a Kashmir Himalayan
lake: A remote sensing and GIS approach, Environ. Monit.
Assess., 185, 6419–6445, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-3035-9,
2013a. a
Badar, B., Romshoo, S. A., and Khan, M. A.: Modelling catchment hydrological
responses in a Himalayan Lake as a function of changing land use and land
cover, J. Earth Syst. Sci., 122, 433–449,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-013-0285-z, 2013b. a
Bastiaanssen, W. G., Menenti, M., Feddes, R., and Holtslag, A.: A remote
sensing surface energy balance algorithm for land (SEBAL). 1. Formulation,
J. Hydrol., 212, 198–212, 1998. a
Beven, K.: A manifesto for the equifinality thesis, J. Hydrol.,
320, 18–36, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2005.07.007, 2006. a
Carlson, T. N. and Ripley, D. A.: On the relation between NDVI, fractional
vegetation cover, and leaf area index, Remote Sens. Environ., 62,
241–252, 1997. a
Ceola, S., Laio, F., and Montanari, A.: Global-scale human pressure evolution imprints on sustainability of river systems, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3933–3944, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3933-2019, 2019. a
Chamberlin, T. C.: The method of multiple working hypotheses, Science, 148,
754–759, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.148.3671.754, 1965. a, b
Cleveland, W., Grosse, E., and Shyu, W.: Local regression models, chap. 8, in: Statistical models in S, edited by: Chambers, J. M and Hastie, T. J., Wadsworth &
Brooks/Cole, Pacific Grove, CA, 608 pp., ISBN 9780203738535, 1992. a
Dai, A., Trenberth, K. E., and Karl, T. R.: Effects of clouds, soil moisture,
precipitation, and water vapor on diurnal temperature range, J.
Climate, 12, 2451–2473, 1999. a
Dar, R. A., Romshoo, S. A., Chandra, R., and Ahmad, I.: Tectono-geomorphic
study of the Karewa Basin of Kashmir Valley, J. Asian Earth
Sci., https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.06.018, 2014. a
Dey, P. and Mishra, A.: Separating the impacts of climate change and human
activities on streamflow: A review of methodologies and critical
assumptions, J. Hydrol., 548, 278–290,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2017.03.014, 2017. a
Dietz, A. J., Kuenzer, C., Gessner, U., and Dech, S.: Remote sensing of snow – a
review of available methods, Int. J. Remote Sensing, 33,
4094–4134, 2012. a
Duchemin, B., Hadria, R., Erraki, S., Boulet, G., Maisongrande, P., Chehbouni, A., Escadafal, R., Ezzahar, J., Hoedjes, J. C. B., Kharrou, M. H., and Khabba, S.: Monitoring
wheat phenology and irrigation in Central Morocco: On the use of
relationships between evapotranspiration, crops coefficients, leaf area index
and remotely-sensed vegetation indices, Agr. Water Manage., 79,
1–27, 2006. a
Ehret, U., Gupta, H. V., Sivapalan, M., Weijs, S. V., Schymanski, S. J., Blöschl, G., Gelfan, A. N., Harman, C., Kleidon, A., Bogaard, T. A., Wang, D., Wagener, T., Scherer, U., Zehe, E., Bierkens, M. F. P., Di Baldassarre, G., Parajka, J., van Beek, L. P. H., van Griensven, A., Westhoff, M. C., and Winsemius, H. C.: Advancing catchment hydrology to deal with predictions under change, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 649–671, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-649-2014, 2014. a
Ferraro, P. J., Sanchirico, J. N., and Smith, M. D.: Causal inference in
coupled human and natural systems, P. Natl. Acad.
Sci. USA, 116, 5311–5318, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1805563115, 2019. a
Flörke, M., Schneider, C., and McDonald, R. I.: Water competition between
cities and agriculture driven by climate change and urban growth, Nature
Sustainability, 1, 51–58, 2018. a
Foufoula-Georgiou, E., Takbiri, Z., Czuba, J. A., and Schwenk, J.: The change
of nature and the nature of change in agricultural landscapes: Hydrologic
regime shifts modulate ecological transitions, Water Resour. Res., 51,
6649–6671, https://doi.org/10.1002/2015WR017637, 2015. a
Friedl, M. and Sulla-Menashe, D.: MCD12Q1 MODIS/Terra+Aqua Land Cover Type Yearly L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V006, NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MCD12Q1.006, 2019. a
Geerts, B.: Empirical estimation of the monthly-mean daily temperature range,
Theor. Appl. Climatol., 74, 145–165, 2003. a
Gober, P., White, D. D., Quay, R., Sampson, D. A., and Kirkwood, C. W.:
Socio-hydrology modelling for an uncertain future, with examples from the USA
and Canada, Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 408, 183–199,
2017. a
Gorelick, N., Hancher, M., Dixon, M., Ilyushchenko, S., Thau, D., and Moore,
R.: Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone,
Remote Sens. Environ., 202, 18–27, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2017.06.031, 2017. a
Groeneveld, D. P., Baugh, W. M., Sanderson, J. S., and Cooper, D. J.: Annual
groundwater evapotranspiration mapped from single satellite scenes, J. Hydrol., 344, 146–156, 2007. a
Gruber, S.: Derivation and analysis of a high-resolution estimate of global permafrost zonation, The Cryosphere, 6, 221–233, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-6-221-2012, 2012. a, b
Hargreaves, G. H. and Samani, Z.: Reference Crop Evapotranspiration from
Ambient Air Temperature, in: American Society of Agricultural Engineering
Meeting, Chicago, 17–20 December 1985 , Paper no. 85-2517, https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.26773, 1985. a
Harrigan, S., Murphy, C., Hall, J., Wilby, R. L., and Sweeney, J.: Attribution of detected changes in streamflow using multiple working hypotheses, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1935–1952, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1935-2014, 2014. a
Jeelani, G.: Aquifer response to regional climate variability in a part of
Kashmir Himalaya in India, Hydrogeol. J., 16, 1625–1633,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10040-008-0335-9, 2008. a, b, c, d
Jeelani, G., Saravana Kumar, U., and Kumar, B.: Variation of δ18O and
δD in precipitation and stream waters across the Kashmir Himalaya
(India) to distinguish and estimate the seasonal sources of stream flow,
J. Hydrol., 481, 157–165, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2012.12.035,
2013. a
Jothityangkoon, C., Sivapalan, M., and Farmer, D.: Process controls of water
balance variability in a large semi-arid catchment: downward approach to
hydrological model development, J. Hydrol., 254, 174–198, 2001. a
Kampf, S. K., Burges, S. J., Hammond, J. C., Bhaskar, A., Covino, T. P.,
Eurich, A., Harrison, H., Lefsky, M., Martin, C., McGrath, D.,
Puntenney-Desmond, K., and Willi, K.: The Case for an Open Water Balance:
Re-envisioning Network Design and Data Analysis for a Complex, Uncertain
World, Water Resour. Res., 56, 1–19, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019WR026699,
2020. a
Kulkarni, A., Srinivasulu, J., Manjul, S., and Mathur, P.: Field based spectral
reflectance studies to develop NDSI method for snow cover monitoring, J.
Indian Soc. Remote, 30, 73–80, 2002. a
Kurylyk, B. L., Hayashi, M., Quinton, W. L., McKenzie, J. M., and Voss, C. I.:
Influence of vertical and lateral heat transfer on permafrost thaw, peatland
landscape transition, and groundwater flow, Water Resour. Res., 52,
1286–1305, 2016. a
Liu, J., Zhou, Z., Yan, Z., Gong, J., Jia, Y., Xu, C.-Y., and Wang, H.: A new
approach to separating the impacts of climate change and multiple human
activities on water cycle processes based on a distributed hydrological
model, J. Hydrol., 578, 124096, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.124096, 2019. a
Luan, J., Zhang, Y., Ma, N., Tian, J., Li, X., and Liu, D.: Evaluating the
uncertainty of eight approaches for separating the impacts of climate change
and human activities on streamflow, J. Hydrol., 601, 126605, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126605,
2021. a
Mahmood, R. and Jia, S.: Assessment of Impacts of Climate Change on the Water
Resources of the Transboundary Jhelum River Basin of Pakistan and India,
Water, 8, 246, https://doi.org/10.3390/w8060246, 2016. a
Mahmood, R., Babel, M. S., and Jia, S.: Assessment of temporal and spatial
changes of future climate in the Jhelum river basin, Pakistan and India,
Weather and Climate Extremes, 10, 40–55, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2015.07.002,
2015. a
Malik, M. I. and Bhat, M. S.: Sustainability of tourism development in
Kashmir – Is paradise lost?, Tourism Management Perspectives, 16, 11–21,
2015. a
Masek, J. G., Vermote, E. F., Saleous N. E., Wolfe, R., Hall, F. G., Huemmrich, K. F., Gao, F., Kutler, J., and Lim, T.-K.: A Landsat surface reflectance dataset for North America, 1990–2000, IEEE Geosci. Remote S., 3, 68–72, https://doi.org/10.1109/LGRS.2005.857030, 2006. a
McCaig, M.: Contributions to storm quickflow in a small headwater
catchment – the role of natural pipes and soil macropores, Earth Surf.
Proc. Land., 8, 239–252, 1983. a
Milly, P. C. D., Betancourt, J., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R. M., Kundzewicz, Z.,
Lettenmaier, D. P., Stouffer, R. J., Zbigniew, W., Lettenmaier, D. P., and
Stouffer, R. J.: Stationarity Is Dead: Whither Water Management?, Science,
319, 573–574, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1151915, 2008. a
Ministry of Agriculture, Directorate of Economics and Statistics: Area Production Yield Dataset – District, available at: https://eands.dacnet.nic.in/ (last access: 15 January 2020), 2015. a
Montanari, A. and Sideris, M. G.: Satellite Remote Sensing of Hydrological
Change, Global Change and Future Earth: The Geoscience Perspective, 3, 126605, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126605,
2018. a
Müller, M. and Thompson, S.: A value-based model selection approach for
environmental random variables, Water Resour. Res., 55, 270–283, 2019. a
Müller, M. F., Yoon, J., Gorelick, S. M., Avisse, N., and Tilmant, A.:
Impact of the Syrian refugee crisis on land use and transboundary freshwater
resources, P. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 113,
14932–14937, 2016. a
Muñoz-Sabater, J., Dutra, E., Agustí-Panareda, A., Albergel, C., Arduini, G., Balsamo, G., Boussetta, S., Choulga, M., Harrigan, S., Hersbach, H., Martens, B., Miralles, D. G., Piles, M., Rodríguez-Fernández, N. J., Zsoter, E., Buontempo, C., and Thépaut, J.-N.: ERA5-Land: a state-of-the-art global reanalysis dataset for land applications, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 4349–4383, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-4349-2021, 2021. a
Nathan, R. J. and McMahon, T. A.: Evaluation of Automated Techniques for
Baseflow and Recession Analysis, Water Resour. Res., 26, 1465–1473,
https://doi.org/10.1029/WR026i007p01465, 1990. a, b
Ning, T., Li, Z., Feng, Q., Liu, W., and Li, Z.: Comparison of the
effectiveness of four Budyko-based methods in attributing long-term changes
in actual evapotranspiration, Sci. Rep.-UK, 8, 1–10, 2018. a
Penny, G., Srinivasan, V., Dronova, I., Lele, S., and Thompson, S.: Spatial characterization of long-term hydrological change in the Arkavathy watershed adjacent to Bangalore, India, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 595–610, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-595-2018, 2018. a, b
Penny, G., Mondal, M. S., Biswas, S., Bolster, D., Tank, J. L., and
Müller, M. F.: Using Natural Experiments and Counterfactuals for
Causal Assessment: River Salinity and the Ganges Water Agreement, Water Resour. Res., 56, 1–15, https://doi.org/10.1029/2019wr026166,
2020a. a
Penny, G., Srinivasan, V., Apoorva, R., Jeremiah, K., Peschel, J., Young, S.,
and Thompson, S.: A process-based approach to attribution of historical
streamflow decline in a data-scarce and human-dominated watershed,
Hydrol. Process., 34, 1981–1995, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13707,
2020b. a
Railsback, L. B., Locke, W. W., and Johnson, J.: Comments and Reply on “Method
of Multiple Working Hypotheses: A chimera”, Geology, 18, 917–918, 1990. a
Raina, A.: Geography of Jammu & Kashmir State, Radha Krishan
Anand and Co, Pacca danga Road, Jammu, 3–9, 2002, available at: https://ikashmir.net/geography/doc/geography.pdf, last access: 15 January 2022. a
Rashid, I., Romshoo, S. A., Chaturvedi, R. K., Ravindranath, N. H., Sukumar,
R., Jayaraman, M., Lakshmi, T. V., and Sharma, J.: Projected climate change
impacts on vegetation distribution over Kashmir Himalayas, Climatic Change,
132, 601–613, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1456-5, 2015. a, b
Rashid, I., Romshoo, S. A., and Abdullah, T.: The recent deglaciation of
Kolahoi valley in Kashmir Himalaya, India in response to the changing
climate, J. Asian Earth Sci., 138, 38–50,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2017.02.002, 2017. a
Rather, M. I., Rashid, I., Shahi, N., Murtaza, K. O., Hassan, K., Yousuf,
A. R., Romshoo, S. A., and Shah, I. Y.: Massive land system changes impact
water quality of the Jhelum River in Kashmir Himalaya, Environ.
Monit. Assess., 188, 185, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-016-5190-x, 2016. a, b
Romshoo, S. A.: Indus River Basin: Common Concerns and the Roadmap to
Resolution, Tech. rep., Centre for Dialogue and Reconciliation, Srinagar,
Kashmir, available at:
http://www.slideshare.net/ShakilRomshoo/indus-river-basin-common-concerns-and (last access: 15 January 2020),
2012. a
Romshoo, S., Zaz, S., and Ali, N.: Recent Climate Variability in Kashmir Valley, India and its Impact on Streamflows of the Jhelum River, J. Res. Dev., 17, 1–22, 2018. a
Romshoo, S. A. and Rashid, I.: Assessing the impacts of changing land cover and
climate on Hokersar wetland in Indian Himalayas, Arab. J.
Geosci., 7, 143–160, 2014. a
Romshoo, S. A., Dar, R. A., Rashid, I., Marazi, A., Ali, N., and Zaz, S. N.:
Implications of Shrinking Cryosphere Under Changing Climate on the
Streamflows in the Lidder Catchment in the Upper Indus Basin, India, Arct.
Antarct. Alpine Res., 47, 627–644, https://doi.org/10.1657/AAAR0014-088,
2015. a, b, c
Running, S. W., Mu, Q., Zhao, M., and Moreno, A.: MODIS Global Terrestrial Evapotranspiration (ET) Product (MOD16A2/A3 and Year-End Gap-Filled MOD16A2GF/A3GF) NASA Earth Observing System MODIS Land Algorithm (For Collection 6), National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC, USA [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD16A2.006, 2019. a, b
Savenije, H. H. G.: HESS Opinions “The art of hydrology”*, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 157–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-157-2009, 2009. a
Scaramuzza, P. and Barsi, J.: Landsat 7 scan line corrector-off gap-filled
product development, in: Proceeding of Pecora, 16, 23–27, available at: http://www.asprs.org/a/publications/proceedings/pecora16/Storey_J.pdf (last access: 15 January 2022), 2005. a
Schaner, N., Voisin, N., Nijssen, B., and Lettenmaier, D. P.: The contribution
of glacier melt to streamflow, Environ. Res. Lett., 7, 034029, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/3/034029,
2012. a
Searcy, J. K. and Hardison, C. H.: Double-mass curves, 1541, in: Methods and practices of the Geological Survey, US Government
Printing Office, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WATER-SUPPLY PAPER 1541-B, 1960. a
Sheffield, J., Wood, E. F., Verbist, K., Pan, M., Coccia, G., Beck, H., and
Serrat-Capdevila, A.: Satellite Remote Sensing for Water Resources
Management: Potential for Supporting Sustainable Development in Data-Poor
Regions, Water Resour. Res., 54, 9724–9758,
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017wr022437, 2018. a
Showqi, I., Rashid, I., and Romshoo, S. A.: Land use land cover dynamics as a
function of changing demography and hydrology, GeoJournal, 79, 297–307,
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-013-9494-x, 2014. a
Singh, P. and Kumar, N.: Impact assessment of climate change on the
hydrological response of a snow and glacier melt runoff dominated Himalayan
river, J. Hydrol., 193, 316–350, 1997. a
Sivapalan, M.: Pattern, process and function: elements of a unified theory of hydrology at the catchment scale, Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences, Part 1. Theory, Organization and Scale, edited by: Bloeschl, G. and Sivapalan, M., https://doi.org/10.1002/0470848944.hsa012, 2006. a
Smirnov, O., Zhang, M., Xiao, T., Orbell, J., Lobben, A., and Gordon, J.: The
relative importance of climate change and population growth for exposure to
future extreme droughts, Climatic Change, 138, 41–53, 2016. a
Srinivasan, V., Thompson, S., Madhyastha, K., Penny, G., Jeremiah, K., and Lele, S.: Why is the Arkavathy River drying? A multiple-hypothesis approach in a data-scarce region, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 1905–1917, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1905-2015, 2015. a, b
Srinivasan, V., Konar, M., and Sivapalan, M.: A dynamic framework for water
security, Water Security, 19, 4225, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2017.03.001, 2017. a
Strahler, A., Moody, A., Lambin, E., Huete, A., Justice, C., Muller, J., Running, S., Salomonson, V., Vanderbilt, V., and Wan, Z.: MODIS Land Cover Product: Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document (ATBD), Version 5.0, available at: https://lpdaac.usgs.gov/documents/86/MCD12_ATBD.pdf (last access: 15 January 2022), 1999. a, b
Thompson, S. E., Sivapalan, M., Harman, C. J., Srinivasan, V., Hipsey, M. R., Reed, P., Montanari, A., and Blöschl, G.: Developing predictive insight into changing water systems: use-inspired hydrologic science for the Anthropocene, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 5013–5039, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-5013-2013, 2013. a
Tomer, M. D. and Schilling, K. E.: A simple approach to distinguish land-use
and climate-change effects on watershed hydrology, J. Hydrol., 376,
24–33, 2009. a
USGS: Landsat 5 TM Collection 1 Tier 1 TOA Reflectance, Google Earth Engine, available at: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LT05_C01_T1_TOA, last access: 30 November 2020a. a
USGS: Landsat 5 Surface Reflectance Tier 1, Google Earth Engine, available at: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LT05_C01_T1_SR, last access: 30 November 2020b. a
USGS: Landsat 7 Collection 1 Tier 1 TOA Reflectance, Google Earth Engine, available at: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LE07_C01_T1_TOA, last access: 30 November 2020c. a
USGS: Landsat 7 Surface Reflectance Tier 1, Publisher: Google Earth Engine, available at: https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LE07_C01_T1_SR, last access: 30 November 2020d. a
USGS: Landsat 8 Collection 1 Tier 1 TOA Reflectance, Publisher: Google Earth Engine, 2020e (available at https://developers.google.com/earth-engine/datasets/catalog/LANDSAT_LC08_C01_T1_TOA, last access: 30 November 2020e. a
Valentín, J. M. P. and Müller, M. F.: Impact of Hurricane Maria on
beach erosion in Puerto Rico: Remote sensing and causal inference,
Geophys. Res. Lett., 47, e2020GL087306, https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL087306, 2020. a
Vermote, E.: MOD09A1 MODIS Surface Reflectance 8-Day L3 Global 500m SIN Grid V006, NASA EOSDIS Land Processes DAAC [data set], https://doi.org/10.5067/MODIS/MOD09A1.006, 2015. a, b
Vermote, E., Justice, C., Claverie, M., and Franch, B.: Preliminary analysis of the performance of the Landsat 8/OLI land surface reflectance product, Remote Sens. Environ., 46–56, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2016.04.008, 2016. a
Viglione, A., Merz, B., Viet Dung, N., Parajka, J., Nester, T., and
Blöschl, G.: Attribution of regional flood changes based on scaling
fingerprints, Water Resour. Res., 52, 5322–5340, 2016. a
Vörösmarty, C., Lettenmaier, D., Levêque, C., Meybeck, M.,
Pahl-Wostl, C., Alcamo, J., Cosgrove, W., Grassl, H., Hoff, H., Kabat, P.,
Lansigan, F., Lawford, R., and Naiman, R.: Human transforming the Global
Water System, EOS, 85, 509–520, https://doi.org/10.1029/2004EO480001, 2004. a
Wetlands International South Asia: Comprehensive Management Action Plan for
Wular Lake, Tech. rep., Prepared for Department of Wildlife Protection Govt.
of Jammu & Kashmir,
available at: http://docplayer.net/37017787-Final-report-comprehensive-management-action-plan-for-wular-lake-kashmir-prepared-for-the-by.html (last access: 15 January 2022),
2007. a, b, c
Wine, M. L. and Davison, J. H.: Untangling global change impacts on
hydrological processes: Resisting climatization, Hydrol. Process., 33, 2148–2155,
https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13483, 2019. a
Wittenberg, H.: Baseflow recession and recharge as nonlinear storage processes,
Hydrol. Process., 13, 715–726, 1999. a
Xu, H.: Modification of normalised difference water index (NDWI) to enhance
open water features in remotely sensed imagery, Int. J.
Remote Sens., 27, 3025–3033, 2006. a
Zaz, S. N., Romshoo, S. A., Krishnamoorthy, R. T., and Viswanadhapalli, Y.: Analyses of temperature and precipitation in the Indian Jammu and Kashmir region for the 1980–2016 period: implications for remote influence and extreme events, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 19, 15–37, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-15-2019, 2019. a, b, c, d
Zhang, Z., Li, M., Si, B., and Feng, H.: Deep rooted apple trees decrease
groundwater recharge in the highland region of the Loess Plateau, China,
Sci. Total Environ., 622, 584–593, 2018. a
Zhao, S., Hu, H., Harman, C. J., Tian, F., Tie, Q., Liu, Y., and Peng, Z.:
Understanding of storm runoffgeneration in a weathered, fractured granitoid
headwater catchment in northern China, Water, 11, 1–22,
https://doi.org/10.3390/w11010123, 2019. a, b
Short summary
We develop an empirical approach to attribute declining streamflow in the Upper Jhelum watershed, a key subwatershed of the transboundary Indus basin. We find that a loss of streamflow since the year 2000 resulted primarily due to interactions among vegetation and groundwater in response to climate rather than local changes in land use, revealing the climate sensitivity of this Himalayan watershed.
We develop an empirical approach to attribute declining streamflow in the Upper Jhelum...
