Articles | Volume 30, issue 21
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6821-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6821-2026
Research article
 | 
05 Nov 2026
Research article |  | 05 Nov 2026

Dam-regulated flow fragmentation and sand-mining-driven threshold shifts shorten the Mekong–Tonle Sap reverse-flow season

Khosro Morovati, Hongling Zhao, and Fuqiang Tian

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Cited articles

Ahmed, M. F., Van Binh, D., Kantoush, S. A., Park, E., Doan, N. L. P., Tuan, L. A., and Sumi, T.: Intensified susceptibility to riverbed incisions under sand mining impacts in the Vietnamese Mekong Delta: A long-term spatiotemporal analysis, Geomorphology, 470, 109535, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geomorph.2024.109535, 2025. 
Alvarez-Garreton, C., Boisier, J. P., Garreaud, R., Seibert, J., and Vis, M.: Progressive water deficits during multiyear droughts in basins with long hydrological memory in Chile, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 429–446, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-429-2021, 2021. 
Ang, W. J., Park, E., Pokhrel, Y., Tran, D. D., and Loc, H. H.: Dams in the Mekong: a comprehensive database, spatiotemporal distribution, and hydropower potentials, Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1209–1228, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1209-2024, 2024. 
Arias, M. E., Cochrane, T. A., Piman, T., Kummu, M., Caruso, B. S., and Killeen, T. J.: Quantifying changes in flooding and habitats in the Tonle Sap Lake (Cambodia) caused by water infrastructure development and climate change in the Mekong Basin, J. Environ. Manage., 112, 53–66, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.07.003, 2012. 
Arias, M. E., Cochrane, T. A., Norton, D., Killeen, T. J., and Khon, P.: The flood pulse as the underlying driver of vegetation in the largest wetland and fishery of the Mekong Basin, Ambio, 42, 864–876, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-013-0424-4, 2013. 
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Each wet season, the Mekong River flows into Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake, supporting fisheries and farming. We used river records and simulations to study changes linked to dams, climate variability and sand mining. Altered river flows and a lowered riverbed now require stronger flows to bring water into the lake. Together, these changes have shortened the inflow season by about 28 days compared with earlier decades. Protecting the lake depends on when water arrives, not just how much.

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