Articles | Volume 29, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1033-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1033-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
27 Feb 2025
Research article |
| 27 Feb 2025
| 27 Feb 2025
Runoff component quantification and future streamflow projection in a large mountainous basin based on a multidata-constrained cryospheric–hydrological model
Mengjiao Zhang
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 6821–6841, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6821-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6821-2026, 2026
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Each wet season, the Mekong River flows into Cambodia's Tonle Sap Lake, supporting fisheries and farming. We used river records and simulations to study changes linked to dams, climate variability and sand mining. Altered river flows and a lowered riverbed now require stronger flows to bring water into the lake. Together, these changes have shortened the inflow season by about 28 days compared with earlier decades. Protecting the lake depends on when water arrives, not just how much.
Fuqiang Tian, Murugesu Sivapalan, Sondoss Elsawah, Melissa Haeffner, Anthony Jakeman, Heidi Kreibich, Leyang Liu, Haoyang Lyu, Ana Mijic, Jiale Wang, Jing Wei, and Günter Blöschl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 6731–6736, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6731-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-6731-2026, 2026
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Bu Li, Ting Sun, Fuqiang Tian, and Guangheng Ni
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Hydrological models are increasingly combining scientific knowledge with AI to improve predictions, but it remains unclear whether these improvements also affect the reliability of model results. We found that AI improved prediction accuracy but also increased uncertainty in the processes it directly represented, while internal water storage retained and accumulated this uncertainty. These findings provide guidance for developing more reliable models for understanding water systems.
Zhen Cui and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 5281–5296, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5281-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5281-2026, 2026
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Zixi Li, Yan Li, Rui Tong, Peizhe Cheng, Fuqiang Tian, and Yao Zhuang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 4909–4925, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-4909-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-4909-2026, 2026
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Zixi Li and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 3203–3219, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3203-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3203-2026, 2026
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Hongling Zhao, Zilong Zhao, Khosro Morovati, Dongsheng Zhang, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 2433–2453, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2433-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2433-2026, 2026
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Keer Zhang, Zilong Zhao, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 30, 671–691, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-671-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-671-2026, 2026
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Focusing on Drought-Flood Abrupt Alternation (DFAA) under climate change, this study investigates the mitigating role of reservoirs on DFAA in Lancang-Mekong River Basin. The drought-to-flood (DTF) probability is higher than the flood-to-drought (FTD) at all intensities. Reservoirs markedly reduce wet season’s FTD and year-round DTF, effectively shorten DFAA’s monthly span. The reservoir's mitigating effect on the total risk of DFAA is positively correlated with their total storage.
Yi Nan, Fuqiang Tian, and Mahmut Tudaji
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4445, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4445, 2025
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Diego Avesani, Yi Nan, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 5755–5775, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5755-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5755-2025, 2025
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Ruidong Li, Jiapei Liu, Ting Sun, Jian Shao, Fuqiang Tian, and Guangheng Ni
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 5677–5694, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5677-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5677-2025, 2025
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Mahmut Tudaji, Yi Nan, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 2633–2654, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2633-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2633-2025, 2025
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Zhen Cui and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 2275–2291, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2275-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2275-2025, 2025
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Mahmut Tudaji, Yi Nan, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 1919–1937, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1919-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1919-2025, 2025
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Bu Li, Ting Sun, Fuqiang Tian, Mahmut Tudaji, Li Qin, and Guangheng Ni
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 4521–4538, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4521-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4521-2024, 2024
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 3613–3632, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3613-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-3613-2024, 2024
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Yi Nan and Fuqiang Tian
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Heidi Kreibich, Kai Schröter, Giuliano Di Baldassarre, Anne F. Van Loon, Maurizio Mazzoleni, Guta Wakbulcho Abeshu, Svetlana Agafonova, Amir AghaKouchak, Hafzullah Aksoy, Camila Alvarez-Garreton, Blanca Aznar, Laila Balkhi, Marlies H. Barendrecht, Sylvain Biancamaria, Liduin Bos-Burgering, Chris Bradley, Yus Budiyono, Wouter Buytaert, Lucinda Capewell, Hayley Carlson, Yonca Cavus, Anaïs Couasnon, Gemma Coxon, Ioannis Daliakopoulos, Marleen C. de Ruiter, Claire Delus, Mathilde Erfurt, Giuseppe Esposito, Didier François, Frédéric Frappart, Jim Freer, Natalia Frolova, Animesh K. Gain, Manolis Grillakis, Jordi Oriol Grima, Diego A. Guzmán, Laurie S. Huning, Monica Ionita, Maxim Kharlamov, Dao Nguyen Khoi, Natalie Kieboom, Maria Kireeva, Aristeidis Koutroulis, Waldo Lavado-Casimiro, Hong-Yi Li, Maria Carmen LLasat, David Macdonald, Johanna Mård, Hannah Mathew-Richards, Andrew McKenzie, Alfonso Mejia, Eduardo Mario Mendiondo, Marjolein Mens, Shifteh Mobini, Guilherme Samprogna Mohor, Viorica Nagavciuc, Thanh Ngo-Duc, Huynh Thi Thao Nguyen, Pham Thi Thao Nhi, Olga Petrucci, Nguyen Hong Quan, Pere Quintana-Seguí, Saman Razavi, Elena Ridolfi, Jannik Riegel, Md Shibly Sadik, Nivedita Sairam, Elisa Savelli, Alexey Sazonov, Sanjib Sharma, Johanna Sörensen, Felipe Augusto Arguello Souza, Kerstin Stahl, Max Steinhausen, Michael Stoelzle, Wiwiana Szalińska, Qiuhong Tang, Fuqiang Tian, Tamara Tokarczyk, Carolina Tovar, Thi Van Thu Tran, Marjolein H. J. van Huijgevoort, Michelle T. H. van Vliet, Sergiy Vorogushyn, Thorsten Wagener, Yueling Wang, Doris E. Wendt, Elliot Wickham, Long Yang, Mauricio Zambrano-Bigiarini, and Philip J. Ward
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 2009–2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2009-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-2009-2023, 2023
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Ruidong Li, Ting Sun, Fuqiang Tian, and Guang-Heng Ni
Geosci. Model Dev., 16, 751–778, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-751-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-16-751-2023, 2023
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We developed SHAFTS (Simultaneous building Height And FootprinT extraction from Sentinel imagery), a multi-task deep-learning-based Python package, to estimate average building height and footprint from Sentinel imagery. Evaluation in 46 cities worldwide shows that SHAFTS achieves significant improvement over existing machine-learning-based methods.
Yi Nan, Zhihua He, Fuqiang Tian, Zhongwang Wei, and Lide Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4147–4167, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4147-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4147-2022, 2022
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Tracer-aided hydrological models are useful tool to reduce uncertainty of hydrological modeling in cold basins, but there is little guidance on the sampling strategy for isotope analysis, which is important for large mountainous basins. This study evaluated the reliance of the tracer-aided modeling performance on the availability of isotope data in the Yarlung Tsangpo river basin, and provides implications for collecting water isotope data for running tracer-aided hydrological models.
Yongping Wei, Jing Wei, Gen Li, Shuanglei Wu, David Yu, Mohammad Ghoreishi, You Lu, Felipe Augusto Arguello Souza, Murugesu Sivapalan, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2131–2146, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2131-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2131-2022, 2022
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There is increasing tension among the riparian countries of transboundary rivers. This article proposes a socio-hydrological framework that incorporates the slow and less visible societal processes into existing hydro-economic models, revealing the slow and hidden feedbacks between societal and hydrological processes. This framework will contribute to process-based understanding of the complex mechanism that drives conflict and cooperation in transboundary river management.
Liying Guo, Jing Wei, Keer Zhang, Jiale Wang, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1165–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, 2022
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Data support is crucial for the research of conflict and cooperation on transboundary rivers. Conventional, manual constructions of datasets cannot meet the requirements for fast updates in the big data era. This study brings up a revised methodological framework, based on the conventional method, and a toolkit for the news media dataset tracking of conflict and cooperation dynamics on transboundary rivers. A dataset with good tradeoffs between data relevance and coverage is generated.
Yi Nan, Zhihua He, Fuqiang Tian, Zhongwang Wei, and Lide Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 6151–6172, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6151-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6151-2021, 2021
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Hydrological modeling has large problems of uncertainty in cold regions. Tracer-aided hydrological models are increasingly used to reduce uncertainty and refine the parameterizations of hydrological processes, with limited application in large basins due to the unavailability of spatially distributed precipitation isotopes. This study explored the utility of isotopic general circulation models in driving a tracer-aided hydrological model in a large basin on the Tibetan Plateau.
Kunbiao Li, Fuqiang Tian, Mohd Yawar Ali Khan, Ran Xu, Zhihua He, Long Yang, Hui Lu, and Yingzhao Ma
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 5455–5467, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5455-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-5455-2021, 2021
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Due to complex climate and topography, there is still a lack of a high-quality rainfall dataset for hydrological modeling over the Tibetan Plateau. This study aims to establish a high-accuracy daily rainfall product over the southern Tibetan Plateau through merging satellite rainfall estimates based on a high-density rainfall gauge network. Statistical and hydrological evaluation indicated that the new dataset outperforms the raw satellite estimates and several other products of similar types.
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Short summary
Owing to differences in the existing published results, we conducted a detailed analysis of the runoff components and future trends in the Yarlung Tsangpo River basin and found that the contributions of snowmelt and glacier melt runoff to streamflow (both ~5 %) are limited and much lower than previous results. The streamflow in this area will continuously increase in the future, but the overestimated contribution of glacier melt could lead to an underestimation of this increasing trend.
Owing to differences in the existing published results, we conducted a detailed analysis of the...
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