Articles | Volume 19, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2377-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2377-2015
© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Interacting effects of climate and agriculture on fluvial DOM in temperate and subtropical catchments
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
G. Goyenola
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Centro Universitario Regional Este, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Repũblica, Maldonado, Uruguay
M. Meerhoff
Centro Universitario Regional Este, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Repũblica, Maldonado, Uruguay
E. Zwirnmann
Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
N. B. Ovesen
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
M. Glendell
Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
J. Gelbrecht
Chemical Analytics and Biogeochemistry, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Berlin, Germany
F. Teixeira de Mello
Centro Universitario Regional Este, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Repũblica, Maldonado, Uruguay
I. González-Bergonzoni
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Centro Universitario Regional Este, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la Repũblica, Maldonado, Uruguay
Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China
E. Jeppesen
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China
B. Kronvang
Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Related authors
Matthias Pucher, Peter Flödl, Daniel Graeber, Klaus Felsenstein, Thomas Hein, and Gabriele Weigelhofer
Biogeosciences, 18, 3103–3122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved organic matter is an important carbon source in aquatic ecosystems, yet the uptake processes are not totally understood. We found evidence for the release of degradation products, efficiency loss in the uptake with higher concentrations, stimulating effects, and quality-dependent influences from the benthic zone. To conduct this analysis, we included interactions in the equations of the nutrient spiralling concept and solve it with a Bayesian non-linear fitting algorithm.
Lisa Thieme, Daniel Graeber, Diana Hofmann, Sebastian Bischoff, Martin T. Schwarz, Bernhard Steffen, Ulf-Niklas Meyer, Martin Kaupenjohann, Wolfgang Wilcke, Beate Michalzik, and Jan Siemens
Biogeosciences, 16, 1411–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1411-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1411-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To improve our understanding of the effects of tree species selection and management intensity on dissolved organic matter (DOM), we studied solution samples along the water flow path through forests with spectroscopic methods and biodegradation tests. There are distinct changes in DOM composition and biodegradability following the water path. Aboveground DOM was influenced by tree species selection but not by management intensity. Differences became aligned in mineral soil.
Lisa Thieme, Daniel Graeber, Martin Kaupenjohann, and Jan Siemens
Biogeosciences, 13, 4697–4705, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4697-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4697-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Freezing can affect dissolved organic matter properties and concentrations. Nevertheless, water samples are regularly frozen for sample preservation. To test, if fast-freezing with liquid nitrogen instead of normal freezing at −18 °C can prevent changes in DOM characteristics, we compared fresh and differently frozen terrestrial water samples. We found that fast-freezing with liquid nitrogen can prevent bulk organic matter concentrations but not its spectroscopic properties.
G. Goyenola, M. Meerhoff, F. Teixeira-de Mello, I. González-Bergonzoni, D. Graeber, C. Fosalba, N. Vidal, N. Mazzeo, N. B. Ovesen, E. Jeppesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4099–4111, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Climate and hydrology are relevant control factors determining the timing and amount of nutrient losses from land to aquatic systems, in particular of phosphorus (P) from agricultural lands. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the differences in P export patterns and the performance of alternative monitoring strategies in streams under contrasting climate-driven flow regimes: temperate and stable discharge conditions (Denmark) and sub-tropical and flashy conditions (Uruguay).
Kerr J. Adams, Christopher A. J. Macleod, Marc J. Metzger, Nicola Melville, Rachel C. Helliwell, Jim Pritchard, and Miriam Glendell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 2205–2225, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2205-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2205-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
We applied participatory methods to create a hybrid equation-based Bayesian network (BN) model to increase stakeholder understanding of catchment-scale resilience to the impacts of both climatic and socio-economic stressors to a 2050 time horizon. Our holistic systems-thinking approach enabled stakeholders to gain new perspectives on how future scenarios may influence their specific sectors and how their sector impacted other sectors and environmental conditions within the catchment system.
Mads Troldborg, Zisis Gagkas, Andy Vinten, Allan Lilly, and Miriam Glendell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1261–1293, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1261-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1261-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Pesticides continue to pose a threat to surface water quality worldwide. Here, we present a spatial Bayesian belief network (BBN) for assessing inherent pesticide risk to water quality. The BBN was applied in a small catchment with limited data to simulate the risk of five pesticides and evaluate the likely effectiveness of mitigation measures. The probabilistic graphical model combines diverse data and explicitly accounts for uncertainties, which are often ignored in pesticide risk assessments.
Matthias Pucher, Peter Flödl, Daniel Graeber, Klaus Felsenstein, Thomas Hein, and Gabriele Weigelhofer
Biogeosciences, 18, 3103–3122, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3103-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Dissolved organic matter is an important carbon source in aquatic ecosystems, yet the uptake processes are not totally understood. We found evidence for the release of degradation products, efficiency loss in the uptake with higher concentrations, stimulating effects, and quality-dependent influences from the benthic zone. To conduct this analysis, we included interactions in the equations of the nutrient spiralling concept and solve it with a Bayesian non-linear fitting algorithm.
Jingjing Guo, Miriam Glendell, Jeroen Meersmans, Frédérique Kirkels, Jack J. Middelburg, and Francien Peterse
Biogeosciences, 17, 3183–3201, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-17-3183-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The fluxes of soil organic carbon (OC) transport from land to sea are poorly constrained, mostly due to the lack of a specific tracer for soil OC. Here we evaluate the use of specific molecules derived from soil bacteria as a tracer for soil OC in a small river catchment. We find that the initial soil signal is lost upon entering the aquatic environment. However, the local environmental history of the catchment is reflected by these molecules in the lake sediments that act as their sink.
Lisa Thieme, Daniel Graeber, Diana Hofmann, Sebastian Bischoff, Martin T. Schwarz, Bernhard Steffen, Ulf-Niklas Meyer, Martin Kaupenjohann, Wolfgang Wilcke, Beate Michalzik, and Jan Siemens
Biogeosciences, 16, 1411–1432, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1411-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-16-1411-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
To improve our understanding of the effects of tree species selection and management intensity on dissolved organic matter (DOM), we studied solution samples along the water flow path through forests with spectroscopic methods and biodegradation tests. There are distinct changes in DOM composition and biodegradability following the water path. Aboveground DOM was influenced by tree species selection but not by management intensity. Differences became aligned in mineral soil.
Frans C. van Geer, Brian Kronvang, and Hans Peter Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3619–3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The paper includes a review of the current state of high-frequency monitoring in groundwater and surface waters as an outcome of a special issue of HESS and four sessions at EGU on this topic. The focus of the paper is to look at how high-frequency monitoring can be used as a valuable support to assess the management efforts under various EU directives. We conclude that we in future will see a transition from research to implementation in operational monitoring use of high-frequency sensors.
Lisa Thieme, Daniel Graeber, Martin Kaupenjohann, and Jan Siemens
Biogeosciences, 13, 4697–4705, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4697-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-4697-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Freezing can affect dissolved organic matter properties and concentrations. Nevertheless, water samples are regularly frozen for sample preservation. To test, if fast-freezing with liquid nitrogen instead of normal freezing at −18 °C can prevent changes in DOM characteristics, we compared fresh and differently frozen terrestrial water samples. We found that fast-freezing with liquid nitrogen can prevent bulk organic matter concentrations but not its spectroscopic properties.
Mette V. Carstensen, Jane R. Poulsen, Niels B. Ovesen, Christen D. Børgesen, Søren K. Hvid, and Brian Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-303, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2016-303, 2016
Revised manuscript not accepted
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates whether the groundwater management technique called controlled drainage can be used as a mitigation measure to reduce the N loss from fields. Controlled drainage did lead to a significant reduction of the drain water flow (38–52 %) as well as nitrate-N losses (36–48 %) compared to traditional drainage systems without affecting crop growth. Enhanced denitrification was only documented for a shorter period, thus the reduction of N loss was primarily due to reduced drain flow.
G. Goyenola, M. Meerhoff, F. Teixeira-de Mello, I. González-Bergonzoni, D. Graeber, C. Fosalba, N. Vidal, N. Mazzeo, N. B. Ovesen, E. Jeppesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4099–4111, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4099-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Climate and hydrology are relevant control factors determining the timing and amount of nutrient losses from land to aquatic systems, in particular of phosphorus (P) from agricultural lands. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the differences in P export patterns and the performance of alternative monitoring strategies in streams under contrasting climate-driven flow regimes: temperate and stable discharge conditions (Denmark) and sub-tropical and flashy conditions (Uruguay).
D. Zak, H. Reuter, J. Augustin, T. Shatwell, M. Barth, J. Gelbrecht, and R. J. McInnes
Biogeosciences, 12, 2455–2468, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2455-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-2455-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, the CO2 and CH4 production due to the subaqueous decomposition of the five most abundant plant species, which are considered to be representative of different rewetting stages, will be presented. Beside continuous gas flux measurements, bulk chemical analyses of plant tissue were performed to gain insights into changing litter characteristics. With respect to temporal vegetation shifts in rewetted fens, the results provide new insights into the climate effect of these ecosystems.
J. Audet, L. Martinsen, B. Hasler, H. de Jonge, E. Karydi, N. B. Ovesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4721–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
The mitigation of excess nitrogen and phosphorus in river waters requires costly measures. Therefore it is essential to use reliable monitoring methods to select adequate mitigation strategies. Here we show that more development is needed before passive samplers can be considered as reliable alternative for sampling nutrients in stream. We also showed that although continuous sampling is expensive, its reliability precludes unnecessarily high implementation costs of mitigation measures.
S. Frank, B. Tiemeyer, J. Gelbrecht, and A. Freibauer
Biogeosciences, 11, 2309–2324, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2309-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-2309-2014, 2014
K. Attermeyer, T. Hornick, Z. E. Kayler, A. Bahr, E. Zwirnmann, H.-P. Grossart, and K. Premke
Biogeosciences, 11, 1479–1489, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1479-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1479-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject: Biogeochemical processes | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
CAMELS-Chem: augmenting CAMELS (Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies) with atmospheric and stream water chemistry data
Hydrological connectivity controls dissolved organic carbon exports in a peatland-dominated boreal catchment stream
Technical note: Testing the effect of different pumping rates on pore-water sampling for ions, stable isotopes, and gas concentrations in the hyporheic zone
Geophysically based analysis of breakthrough curves and ion exchange processes in soil
Spatio-temporal controls of C–N–P dynamics across headwater catchments of a temperate agricultural region from public data analysis
Pesticide peak concentration reduction in a small vegetated treatment system controlled by chemograph shape
On the role of operational dynamics in biogeochemical efficiency of a soil aquifer treatment system
Hydrological tracers for assessing transport and dissipation processes of pesticides in a model constructed wetland system
Assessing inter-annual and seasonal patterns of DOC and DOM quality across a complex alpine watershed underlain by discontinuous permafrost in Yukon, Canada
A small-volume multiplexed pumping system for automated, high-frequency water chemistry measurements in volume-limited applications
The importance of small artificial water bodies as sources of methane emissions in Queensland, Australia
Nitrogen attenuation, dilution and recycling in the intertidal hyporheic zone of a subtropical estuary
Decoupling of dissolved organic matter patterns between stream and riparian groundwater in a headwater forested catchment
Non-destructive estimates of soil carbonic anhydrase activity and associated soil water oxygen isotope composition
Carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon reflect utilization of different carbon sources by microbial communities in two limestone aquifer assemblages
The influence of riparian evapotranspiration on stream hydrology and nitrogen retention in a subhumid Mediterranean catchment
Stream restoration and sewers impact sources and fluxes of water, carbon, and nutrients in urban watersheds
Redox controls on methane formation, migration and fate in shallow aquifers
Chemical and U–Sr isotopic variations in stream and source waters of the Strengbach watershed (Vosges mountains, France)
Spatiotemporal characterization of dissolved carbon for inland waters in semi-humid/semi-arid region, China
Impacts of tropical cyclones on hydrochemistry of a subtropical forest
Acid-base characteristics of the Grass Pond watershed in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State, USA: interactions among soil, vegetation and surface waters
Catchment features controlling nitrogen dynamics in running waters above the tree line (central Italian Alps)
Dissolved organic carbon characteristics in surface ponds from contrasting wetland ecosystems: a case study in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China
Hydrochemical processes in lowland rivers: insights from in situ, high-resolution monitoring
Heterogeneity of soil carbon pools and fluxes in a channelized and a restored floodplain section (Thur River, Switzerland)
Gary Sterle, Julia Perdrial, Dustin W. Kincaid, Kristen L. Underwood, Donna M. Rizzo, Ijaz Ul Haq, Li Li, Byung Suk Lee, Thomas Adler, Hang Wen, Helena Middleton, and Adrian A. Harpold
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 611–630, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-611-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-611-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We develop stream water chemistry to pair with the existing CAMELS (Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies) dataset. The newly developed dataset, termed CAMELS-Chem, includes common stream water chemistry constituents and wet deposition chemistry in 516 catchments. Examples show the value of CAMELS-Chem to trend and spatial analyses, as well as its limitations in sampling length and consistency.
Antonin Prijac, Laure Gandois, Pierre Taillardat, Marc-André Bourgault, Khawla Riahi, Alex Ponçot, Alain Tremblay, and Michelle Garneau
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3935–3955, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3935-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3935-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The peatland dissolved organic carbon (DOC) lost through aquatic exports can offset a significant proportion of the ecosystem carbon balance. Hence, we propose a new approach to better estimate the DOC exports based on the specific contribution of a boreal peatland (Canada) during periods of high flow. In addition, we studied the relations between DOC concentrations and stream discharge in order to better understand the DOC export mechanisms under contrasted hydrometeorological conditions.
Tamara Michaelis, Anja Wunderlich, Thomas Baumann, Juergen Geist, and Florian Einsiedl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3769–3782, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3769-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3769-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Riverbeds are densely populated with microorganisms which catalyze ecologically relevant processes. To study this complex zone, we tested pore-water extraction with microfilter tubes. The method was found to be suitable for the measurement of dissolved solutes but less so for gases. The pumping rate during sample extraction strongly influenced gas analyses in the samples. The combination with an optical oxygen sensor and a temperature monitoring system was found to be highly valuable.
Shany Ben Moshe, Pauline Kessouri, Dana Erlich, and Alex Furman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 3041–3052, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3041-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-3041-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
A non-invasive geophysical method (spectral induced polarization, SIP) was used to characterize and predict solute transport patterns in soil columns. Our results show that SIP-based breakthrough curve (BTC) analysis is superior over conventional outflow-based analysis as it can characterize system heterogeneity and is superior over electrical-conductivity-based analysis as it is capable of distinguishing between the adsorption end-members without the need for sampling.
Stella Guillemot, Ophelie Fovet, Chantal Gascuel-Odoux, Gérard Gruau, Antoine Casquin, Florence Curie, Camille Minaudo, Laurent Strohmenger, and Florentina Moatar
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2491–2511, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2491-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2491-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This study investigates the drivers of spatial variations in stream water quality in poorly studied headwater catchments and includes multiple elements involved in major water quality issues, such as eutrophication. We used a regional public dataset of monthly stream water concentrations monitored for 10 years over 185 agricultural catchments. We found a spatial and seasonal opposition between carbon and nitrogen concentrations, while phosphorus concentrations showed another spatial pattern.
Jan Greiwe, Oliver Olsson, Klaus Kümmerer, and Jens Lange
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 497–509, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-497-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-497-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We investigated the linkage between contaminant mobilization in catchments and their mitigation in vegetated treatment systems (VTSs). We identified different patterns in chemographs recorded at the inlet of a VTS, indicating distinct mobilization patterns that were associated with similar source areas, transport pathways, and discharge dynamics. Peak concentration reduction in the VTS was strongest for sharp-peaked chemographs, suggesting that dispersion was the principle mitigation process.
Shany Ben Moshe, Noam Weisbrod, Felix Barquero, Jana Sallwey, Ofri Orgad, and Alex Furman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 417–426, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-417-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-417-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In soil aquifer treatment (a soil-based treatment for wastewater), infiltration ponds are operated in flooding and drying cycles, and the reclaimed water may be used for irrigation. We tested the effect of hydraulic operation on the biogeochemical system via long-column experiments. We found that longer drying periods not only were beneficial for the upper area of the profile but also increased the volume of the system that maintained oxidizing conditions.
Elena Fernández-Pascual, Marcus Bork, Birte Hensen, and Jens Lange
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 41–60, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-41-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-41-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
In this study we explore the use of hydrological tracers coupled with high vertical resolution sampling and monitoring to evaluate temporal and spatial mechanisms that dominate transport and dissipation of pesticides in a laboratory-scale constructed wetland. Our results reveal different transport vectors and dissipation pathways of solutes over time and space that are influenced by the constructional design, the presence of plants and the alternation of different hydrological conditions.
Nadine J. Shatilla and Sean K. Carey
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3571–3591, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3571-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3571-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
High-latitude permafrost environments are changing rapidly due impacts and feedbacks associated with climate warming. We used streamflow and DOC concentrations as well as export estimates and optical indices to better understand how different surface water bodies transport and process dissolved material over multiple seasons and years. Information on DOM quality provides insight into organic material sources and possible composition changes related to higher summer rainfall in summer/fall.
Bryan M. Maxwell, François Birgand, Brad Smith, and Kyle Aveni-Deforge
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5615–5628, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5615-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5615-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
A multiplexed pumping system (MPS) for obtaining continuous water quality data at multiple locations was previously reported. The existing design was not practical for sampling water in volume-limited applications such as small mesocosms or porewater sampling. This paper discusses the design and performance of a small-volume MPS and illustrates two applications, showing spatial variability in replicate in situ mesocosms and short-circuiting in a woodchip bioreactor using porewater sampling.
Alistair Grinham, Simon Albert, Nathaniel Deering, Matthew Dunbabin, David Bastviken, Bradford Sherman, Catherine E. Lovelock, and Christopher D. Evans
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5281–5298, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5281-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5281-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
Artificial water bodies are a major source of methane and an important contributor to flooded land greenhouse gas emissions. Past studies focussed on large water supply or hydropower reservoirs with small artificial water bodies (ponds) almost completely ignored. This regional study demonstrated ponds accounted for one-third of flooded land surface area and emitted over 1.6 million t CO2 eq. yr−1 (10 % of land use sector emissions). Ponds should be included in regional GHG inventories.
Sébastien Lamontagne, Frédéric Cosme, Andrew Minard, and Andrew Holloway
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4083–4096, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4083-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4083-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
The dual nitrate isotope technique is one of the most commonly used approaches to study the origin and fate of N introduced in aquifers. In this study, we first demonstrate a large attenuation of groundwater N at a former industrial site, especially at the interface between surface and groundwater. We also provide evidence for a switch in the oxygen isotopic signature of groundwater due to this extensive N attenuation. This could be used to better quantify N attenuation processes in aquifers.
Susana Bernal, Anna Lupon, Núria Catalán, Sara Castelar, and Eugènia Martí
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1897–1910, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, 2018
Sam P. Jones, Jérôme Ogée, Joana Sauze, Steven Wohl, Noelia Saavedra, Noelia Fernández-Prado, Juliette Maire, Thomas Launois, Alexandre Bosc, and Lisa Wingate
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6363–6377, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6363-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6363-2017, 2017
Martin E. Nowak, Valérie F. Schwab, Cassandre S. Lazar, Thomas Behrendt, Bernd Kohlhepp, Kai Uwe Totsche, Kirsten Küsel, and Susan E. Trumbore
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4283–4300, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4283-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4283-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In the present study we combined measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) isotopes with a set of different geochemical and microbiological methods in order to get a comprehensive view of biogeochemical cycling and groundwater flow in two limestone aquifer assemblages. This allowed us to understand interactions and feedbacks between microbial communities, their carbon sources, and water chemistry.
Anna Lupon, Susana Bernal, Sílvia Poblador, Eugènia Martí, and Francesc Sabater
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3831–3842, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The influence of riparian evapotranspiration (ET) on stream hydrology and chemistry is poorly understood. We investigated temporal changes in riparian ET, stream discharge and nutrient chemistry along a Mediterranean catchment. Despite being a small component of annual water budgets (4.5 %), our results highlight that riparian ET drives stream and groundwater hydrology in Mediterranean catchments and, further, question the potential of the riparian zone as a natural filter of nitrogen loads.
Michael J. Pennino, Sujay S. Kaushal, Paul M. Mayer, Ryan M. Utz, and Curtis A. Cooper
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3419–3439, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3419-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3419-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The goal of this study was to compare how differences in urban stream restoration and sanitary infrastructure affect sources and fluxes of water and nutrients. Stream restoration reduced peak discharge and lowered nutrient export compared to unrestored streams, but was similar to a stream with upland stormwater management. The primary source of nitrate at all sites was leaky sanitary sewers, suggesting that combining stream restoration with sanitary pipe repairs may help reduce nutrient loads.
Pauline Humez, Bernhard Mayer, Michael Nightingale, Veith Becker, Andrew Kingston, Stephen Taylor, Guy Bayegnak, Romain Millot, and Wolfram Kloppmann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2759–2777, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2759-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2759-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Development of unconventional energy resources if often associated with public concerns regarding potential contamination of shallow groundwater due to methane leakage. We combined chemical and isotopic analyses of gas and water samples obtained from shallow aquifers in Alberta (Canada) to assess baseline methane sources and found that > 67 % of the samples contained biogenic methane formed in situ in the aquifers. There was no evidence of deep thermogenic methane migration into shallow aquifers.
M. C. Pierret, P. Stille, J. Prunier, D. Viville, and F. Chabaux
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3969–3985, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3969-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3969-2014, 2014
K. S. Song, S. Y. Zang, Y. Zhao, L. Li, J. Du, N. N. Zhang, X. D. Wang, T. T. Shao, Y. Guan, and L. Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4269–4281, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4269-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4269-2013, 2013
C. T. Chang, S. P. Hamburg, J. L. Hwong, N. H. Lin, M. L. Hsueh, M. C. Chen, and T. C. Lin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3815–3826, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3815-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3815-2013, 2013
K. M. McEathron, M. J. Mitchell, and L. Zhang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2557–2568, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2557-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2557-2013, 2013
R. Balestrini, C. Arese, M. Freppaz, and A. Buffagni
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 989–1001, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-989-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-989-2013, 2013
L. L. Wang, C. C. Song, and G. S. Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 371–378, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-371-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-371-2013, 2013
A. J. Wade, E. J. Palmer-Felgate, S. J. Halliday, R. A. Skeffington, M. Loewenthal, H. P. Jarvie, M. J. Bowes, G. M. Greenway, S. J. Haswell, I. M. Bell, E. Joly, A. Fallatah, C. Neal, R. J. Williams, E. Gozzard, and J. R. Newman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 4323–4342, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4323-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-4323-2012, 2012
E. Samaritani, J. Shrestha, B. Fournier, E. Frossard, F. Gillet, C. Guenat, P. A. Niklaus, N. Pasquale, K. Tockner, E. A. D. Mitchell, and J. Luster
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1757–1769, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1757-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1757-2011, 2011
Cited articles
Aitkenhead, J. and McDowell, W.: Soil C : N ratio as a predictor of annual riverine DOC flux at local and global scales, Global Biogeochem. Cy., 14, 127–138, https://doi.org/10.1029/1999GB900083, 2000.
Anderson, M.: A new method for non-parametric multivariate analysis of variance, Aust. Ecol., 26, 32–46, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-9993.2001.01070.pp.x, 2001.
Balesdent, J., Chenu, C., and Balabane, M.: Relationship of soil organic matter dynamics to physical protection and tillage, Soil Till. Res., 53, 215–230, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-1987(99)00107-5, 2000.
Berman, T. and Bronk, D.: Dissolved organic nitrogen: a dynamic participant in aquatic ecosystems, Aquat. Microb. Ecol., 31, 279–305, https://doi.org/10.3354/ame031279, 2003.
Borcard, D., Gillet, F., and Legendre, P.: Numerical ecology with R, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg, 2011.
Chon, K., Lee, Y., Traber, J., and von Gunten, U.: Quantification and characterization of dissolved organic nitrogen in wastewater effluents by electrodialysis treatment followed by size-exclusion chromatography with nitrogen detection, Water Res., 47, 5381–5391, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2013.06.019, 2013.
Cory, R. and McKnight, D.: Fluorescence Spectroscopy Reveals Ubiquitous Presence of Oxidized and Reduced Quinones in Dissolved Organic Matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 8142–8149, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0506962, 2005.
Dalzell, B. J., Filley, T. R., and Harbor, J. M.: The role of hydrology in annual organic carbon loads and terrestrial organic matter export from a midwestern agricultural watershed, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 71, 1448–1462, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2006.12.009, 2007.
European Commission and European Soil Bureau Network: The European Soil Database distribution version 2.0, Tech. rep., European comission, http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ESDB_Archive/ESDB_Data_Distribution/ESDB_data.html (last access: 14 November 2011), 2004.
Ewing, S. A., Sanderman, J., Baisden, W., Wang, Y., and Amundson, R.: Role of large-scale soil structure in organic carbon turnover: evidence from California grassland soils, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 111, G03012–G03012, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006JG000174, 2006.
Fellman, J., Hood, E., and Spencer, R.: Fluorescence spectroscopy opens new windows into dissolved organic matter dynamics in freshwater ecosystems: a review, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 2452–2462, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.6.2452, 2010.
Fellman, J. B., Petrone, K. C., and Grierson, P. F.: Source, biogeochemical cycling, and fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter in an agro-urban estuary RID B-1345-2011, Limnol. Oceanogr., 56, 243–256, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2011.56.1.0243, 2011.
Fox, J. and Weisberg, S.: An R Companion to Applied Regression, Sage, Thousand Oaks CA, 2nd Edn., http://socserv.socsci.mcmaster.ca/jfox/Books/Companion (last access: 30 January 2015), 2011.
Gotelli, N. J. and Ellison, A. M.: A primer of ecological statistics, vol. 1, Palgrave Macmillan, Hants, UK, 2004.
Goyenola, G., Meerhoff, M., Teixeira-de Mello, F., González-Bergonzoni, I., Graeber, D., Fosalba, C., Vidal, N., Mazzeo, N., Ovesen, N. B., Jeppesen, E., and Kronvang, B.: Phosphorus dynamics in lowland streams as a response to climatic, hydrological and agricultural land use gradients, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 12, 3349–3390, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-3349-2015, 2015.
Graeber, D., Gelbrecht, J., Kronvang, B., Gücker, B., Pusch, M. T., and Zwirnmann, E.: Technical Note: Comparison between a direct and the standard, indirect method for dissolved organic nitrogen determination in freshwater environments with high dissolved inorganic nitrogen concentrations, Biogeosciences, 9, 4873–4884, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-9-4873-2012, 2012a.
Graeber, D., Gelbrecht, J., Pusch, M., Anlanger, C., and von Schiller, D.: Agriculture has changed the amount and composition of dissolved organic matter in Central European headwater streams, Sci. Total Environ., 438, 435–446, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.087, 2012b.
Graeber, D., Gücker, B., Zwirnmann, E., Kronvang, B., Weih, C., and Gelbrecht, J.: Dialysis is superior to anion exchange for removal of dissolved inorganic nitrogen from freshwater samples prior to dissolved organic nitrogen determination, Environ. Chem., 9, 529–536, https://doi.org/10.1071/EN11170, 2012c.
Green, S. and Blough, N.: Optical absorption and fluorescence properties of chromophoric dissolved organic matter in natural waters, Limnol. Oceanogr., 39, 1903–1916, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1994.39.8.1903, 1994.
Heinz, M., Graeber, D., Zak, D., Zwirnmann, E., Gelbrecht, J., and Pusch, M.: Comparison of organic matter composition in agricultural versus forest affected headwaters with special emphasis on organic nitrogen, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49, 2081–2090, https://doi.org/10.1021/es505146h, 2015.
Helms, J., Stubbins, A., Ritchie, J., Minor, E., Kieber, D., and Mopper, K.: Absorption spectral slopes and slope ratios as indicators of molecular weight, source, and photobleaching of chromophoric dissolved organic matter, Limnol. Oceanogr., 53, 955–969, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2008.53.3.0955, 2008.
Hollander, M., Wolfe, D. A., and Chicken, E.: Nonparametric statistical methods, vol. 751, John Wiley & Sons, Weinheim, 2013.
Hothorn, T., Hornik, K., Van De Wiel, M. A., and Zeileis, A.: A lego system for conditional inference, Am. Stat., 60, 257–263, https://doi.org/10.1198/000313006X118430, 2006.
Huber, S., Balz, A., Abert, M., and Pronk, W.: Characterisation of aquatic humic and non-humic matter with size-exclusion chromatography – organic carbon detection – organic nitrogen detection (LC-OCD-OND), Water Res., 45, 879–885, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2010.09.023, 2011.
Hudson, N., Baker, A., Reynolds, D., Carliell-Marquet, C., and Ward, D.: Changes in freshwater organic matter fluorescence intensity with freezing/ thawing and dehydration/ rehydration., J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 114, G00F08, https://doi.org/10.1029/2008JG000915, 2009.
Kaiser, K. and Kalbitz, K.: Cycling downwards–dissolved organic matter in soils, Soil Biol. Biochem., 52, 29–32, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.002, 2012.
Kauppila, P. and Koskiaho, J.: Evaluation of annual loads of nutrients and suspended solids in Baltic rivers, Nord. Hydrol., 34, 203–220, 2003.
Kothawala, D. N., Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Weyhenmeyer, G. A., and Tranvik, L. J.: Inner filter correction of dissolved organic matter fluorescence, Limnol. Oceanogr-Meth., 11, 616–630, https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2013.11.616, 2013.
Kowalczuk, P., Durako, M. J., Young, H., Kahn, A. E., Cooper, W. J., and Gonsior, M.: Characterization of dissolved organic matter fluorescence in the South Atlantic Bight with use of PARAFAC model: Interannual variability, Mar. Chem., 113, 182–196, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2009.01.015, 2009.
Kowalczuk, P., Tilstone, G. H., Zabłocka, M., Röttgers, R., and Thomas, R.: Composition of dissolved organic matter along an Atlantic Meridional Transect from fluorescence spectroscopy and Parallel Factor Analysis, Mar. Chem., 157, 170–184, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2013.10.004, 2013.
Kronvang, B., Jeppesen, E., Conley, D., Sondergaard, M., Larsen, S., Ovesen, N., and Carstensen, J.: Nutrient pressures and ecological responses to nutrient loading reductions in Danish streams, lakes and coastal waters, J. Hydrol., 304, 274–288, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2004.07.035, 2005.
Lawaetz, A. and Stedmon, C.: Fluorescence intensity calibration using the Raman scatter peak of water, Appl. Spectrosc., 63, 936–940, https://doi.org/10.1366/000370209788964548, 2009.
Lee, W. and Westerhoff, P.: Dissolved organic nitrogen measurement using dialysis pretreatment, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 879–884, https://doi.org/10.1021/es048818y, 2005.
Milori, D. M., Martin-Neto, L., Bayer, C., Mielniczuk, J., and Bagnato, V. S.: Humification degree of soil humic acids determined by fluorescence spectroscopy, Soil Sci., 167, 739–749, https://doi.org/10.1097/00010694-200211000-00004, 2002.
Mulholland, P.: Dissolved organic matter concentration and flux in streams, J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 16, 131–141, https://doi.org/10.2307/1468246, 1997.
Murphy, K. R., Hambly, A., Singh, S., Henderson, R. K., Baker, A., Stuetz, R., and Khan, S. J.: Organic matter fluorescence in municipal water recycling schemes: toward a unified PARAFAC model, Environ. Sci. Technol., 45, 2909–2916, https://doi.org/10.1021/es103015e, 2011.
Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Graeber, D., and Bro, R.: Fluorescence spectroscopy and multi-way techniques: PARAFAC, Anal. Meth., 5, 6557–6566, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AY41160E, 2013.
Murphy, K. R., Stedmon, C. A., Wenig, P., and Bro, R.: OpenFluor – an online spectral library of auto-fluorescence by organic compounds in the environment, Anal. Meth., 6, 658–661, https://doi.org/10.1039/C3AY41935E, 2014.
Nimptsch, J., Woelfl, S., Kronvang, B., Giesecke, R., González, H. E., Caputo, L., Gelbrecht, J. G., von Tuempling, W., and Graeber, D.: Does filter type and pore size influence spectroscopic analysis of freshwater chromophoric DOM composition?, Limnol. Ecol. Manage. Inl. Waters, 48, 57–64, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2014.06.003, 2014.
Ohno, T.: Fluorescence inner-filtering correction for determining the humification index of dissolved organic matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 742–746, https://doi.org/10.1021/es0155276, 2002.
Ohno, T. and Bro, R.: Dissolved organic matter characterization using multiway spectral decomposition of fluorescence landscapes, Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 70, 2028–2037, https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2006.0005, 2006.
Oksanen, J., Blanchet, F. G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Minchin, P. R., O'Hara, R. B., Simpson, G. L., Solymos, P., Stevens, M. H. H., and Wagner, H.: vegan: Community Ecology Package, r package version 2.0-7, http://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vegan (last access: 13 May 2015), 2013.
Parlanti, E., Worz, K., Geoffroy, L., and Lamotte, M.: Dissolved organic matter fluorescence spectroscopy as a tool to estimate biological activity in a coastal zone submitted to anthropogenic inputs, Org. Geochem., 31, 1765–1781, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0146-6380(00)00124-8, 2000.
Patel-Sorrentino, N., Mounier, S., and Benaim, J.: Excitation-emission fluorescence matrix to study pH influence on organic matter fluorescence in the Amazon basin rivers, Water Res., 36, 2571–2581, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(01)00469-9, 2002.
Petrone, K.: Catchment export of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus across an agro-urban land use gradient, Swan-Canning River system, southwestern Australia, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 115, G01016, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9238-z, 2010.
Petrone, K., Richards, J., and Grierson, P.: Bioavailability and composition of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a near coastal catchment of south-western Australia, Biogeochemistry, 92, 27–40, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-008-9238-z, 2009.
Peuravuori, J. and Pihlaja, K.: Preliminary study of lake dissolved organic matter in light of nanoscale supramolecular assembly, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 5958–5967, https://doi.org/10.1021/es040041l, 2004.
Pfeifer, D., Hoffmann, K., Hoffmann, A., Monte, C., and Resch-Genger, U.: The kit spectral fluorescence standards – a simple calibration tool for the standardization of the spectral characteristics of fluorescence instruments, J. Fluoresc., 16, 581–587, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-006-0086-8, 2006.
Pouillot, R. and Delignette-Muller, M. L.: Evaluating variability and uncertainty separately in microbial quantitative risk assessment using two R packages, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 142, 330–340, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.07.011, 2010.
Prairie, Y. T.: Carbocentric limnology: Looking back, looking forward, Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 65, 543–548, https://doi.org/10.1139/f08-011, 2008.
R Core Team: R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing, R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria, http://www.R-project.org/, last access: 19 March 2015.
Royer, T. and David, M.: Export of dissolved organic carbon from agricultural streams in Illinois, USA, Aquat. Sci., 67, 465–471, https://doi.org/10.1007/s00027-005-0781-6, 2005.
Schmidt, M., Torn, M., Abiven, S., Dittmar, T., Guggenberger, G., Janssens, I., Kleber, M., Kögel-Knabner, I., Lehmann, J., Manning, D., Nannipieri, P., Rasse, D. P., Weiner, S., and Trumbore, S. E.: Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property, Nature, 478, 49–56, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10386, 2011.
Sickman, J., DiGiorgio, C., Davisson, M., Lucero, D., and Bergamaschi, B.: Identifying sources of dissolved organic carbon in agriculturally dominated rivers using radiocarbon age dating: Sacramento-San Joaquin River Basin, California, Biogeochemistry, 99, 79–96, 2010.
Siemens, J. and Kaupenjohann, M.: Contribution of dissolved organic nitrogen to N leaching from four German agricultural soils, J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., 165, 675–681, https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.200290002, 2002.
Solinger, S., Kalbitz, K., and Matzner, E.: Controls on the dynamics of dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in a Central European deciduous forest, Biogeochemistry, 55, 327–349, 2001.
Søndergaard, M., Stedmon, C., and Borch, N.: Fate of terrigenous dissolved organic matter (DOM) in estuaries: Aggregation and bioavailability, Ophelia, 57, 161–176, https://doi.org/10.1080/00785236.2003.10409512, 2003.
Stanley, E. H. and Maxted, J.: Changes in the dissolved nitrogen pool across land cover gradients in Wisconsin streams, Ecol. Appl., 18, 1579–1590, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-1379.1, 2008.
Stanley, E. H., Powers, S. M., Lottig, N. R., Buffam, I., and Crawford, J. T.: Contemporary changes in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in human-dominated rivers: is there a role for DOC management?, Freshwater Biol., 57, 26–42, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2011.02613.x, 2012.
Stedmon, C. and Markager, S.: Resolving the variability in dissolved organic matter fluorescence in a temperate estuary and its catchment using PARAFAC analysis, Limnol. Oceanogr., 50, 686–697, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2005.50.2.0686, 2005a.
Stedmon, C. and Markager, S.: Tracing the production and degradation of autochthonous fractions of dissolved organic matter by fluorescence analysis, Limnol. Oceanogr., 50, 1415–1426, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2005.50.5.1415, 2005b.
Stedmon, C., Thomas, D., Granskog, M., Kaartokallio, H., Papadimitriou, S., and Kuosa, H.: Characteristics of dissolved organic matter in Baltic coastal sea ice: Allochthonous or autochthonous origins?, Environ. Sci. Technol., 41, 7273–7279, https://doi.org/10.1021/es071210f, 2007.
Stewart, T. J., Traber, J., Kroll, A., Behra, R., and Sigg, L.: Characterization of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from periphyton using liquid chromatography-organic carbon detection–organic nitrogen detection (LC-OCD-OND), Environ. Sci. Pollut. R., 20, 3214–3223, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-1228-y, 2013.
Stubbins, A., Lapierre, J., Berggren, M., and Dittmar, T., and del Giorgio, P.: What's in an EEM? Molecular Signatures Associated with Dissolved Organic Fluorescence in Boreal Canada, Environ. Sci. Technol., 48, 10598–10606, https://doi.org/10.1021/es502086e, 2014.
Sun, L., Perdue, E., Meyer, J., and Weis, J.: Use of elemental composition to predict bioavailability of dissolved organic matter in a Georgia river, Limnol. Oceanogr., 42, 714–721, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1997.42.4.0714, 1997.
Vandenbruwane, J., De Neve, S., Qualls, R., Salomez, J., and Hofman, G.: Optimization of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) measurements in aqueous samples with high inorganic nitrogen concentrations, Sci. Total Environ., 386, 103–113, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.06.025, 2007.
van Kessel, C., Clough, T., and van Groenigen, J.: Dissolved organic nitrogen: an overlooked pathway of nitrogen loss from agricultural systems?, J. Environ. Qual., 38, 393–401, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0277, 2009.
Weishaar, J., Aiken, G., Bergamaschi, B., Fram, M., Fujii, R., and Mopper, K.: Evaluation of specific ultraviolet absorbance as an indicator of the chemical composition and reactivity of dissolved organic carbon, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 4702–4708, https://doi.org/10.1021/es030360x, 2003.
Willett, V., Reynolds, B., Stevens, P., Ormerod, S., and Jones, D.: Dissolved organic nitrogen regulation in freshwaters, J. Environ. Qual., 33, 201–209, https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2004.2010, 2004.
Williams, C., Yamashita, Y., Wilson, H., Jaffe, R., and Xenopoulos, M.: Unraveling the role of land use and microbial activity in shaping dissolved organic matter characteristics in stream ecosystems, Limnol. Oceanogr., 55, 1159–1171, https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.2010.55.3.1159, 2010.
Williams, M., Hopkinson, C., Rastetter, E., Vallino, J., and Claessens, L.: Relationships of land use and stream solute concentrations in the Ipswich River basin, northeastern Massachusetts, Water Air Soil Poll., 161, 55–74, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-005-2830-0, 2005.
Wilson, H. and Xenopoulos, M.: Effects of agricultural land use on the composition of fluvial dissolved organic matter, Nat. Geosci., 2, 37–41, https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo391, 2009.
Yamashita, Y., Maie, N., Briceno, H., and Jaffé, R.: Optical characterization of dissolved organic matter in tropical rivers of the Guayana Shield, Venezuela, J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeo., 115, G00F10, https://doi.org/10.1029/2009JG000987, 2010a.
Yamashita, Y., Scinto, L. J., Maie, N., and Jaffé, R.: Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Across a Subtropical Wetland's Landscape: Application of Optical Properties in the Assessment of Environmental Dynamics, Ecosystems, 13, 1006–1019, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10021-010-9370-1, 2010b.