Articles | Volume 27, issue 24
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4467-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4467-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
20 Dec 2023
Research article |
| 20 Dec 2023
| 20 Dec 2023
Transpiration rates from mature Eucalyptus grandis × E. nitens clonal hybrid and Pinus elliottii plantations near the Two Streams Research Catchment, South Africa
Nkosinathi David Kaptein
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Discipline of Agrometeorology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Colin S. Everson
Centre for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Department Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
Alistair David Clulow
Discipline of Agrometeorology, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Centre for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Michele Lynn Toucher
Centre for Water Resources Research, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa
Grasslands-Forests-Wetlands Node, South African Environmental Observation Network, Pietermaritzburg, 3201, South Africa
Ilaria Germishuizen
Institute for Commercial Forestry Research, Scottsville, 3201, South Africa
Related authors
No articles found.
M. Sibanda, S. Buthelezi, O. Mutanga, J. Odindi, A. D. Clulow, V. G. P. Chimonyo, S. Gokool, V. Naiken, J. Magidi, and T. Mabhaudhi
ISPRS Ann. Photogramm. Remote Sens. Spatial Inf. Sci., X-1-W1-2023, 1143–1150, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-1143-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-X-1-W1-2023-1143-2023, 2023
Michael S. Aduah, Graham P. W. Jewitt, and Michele L. W. Toucher
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2017-591, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2017-591, 2017
Preprint withdrawn
Short summary
Short summary
The study provides a first stage contextualized estimation of the potential impacts of combined land use and climate changes on the rainforest part of the West African region, using a representative study area in south western Ghana. The study shows clearly that if the rainfall reduce drastically, changes in streamflow will be controlled by land use changes, but if rainfall increases, streamflows will be controlled by climate. Data and adaptive catchment management is needed for the region.
Bruce C. Scott-Shaw, Colin S. Everson, and Alistair D. Clulow
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4551–4562, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4551-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4551-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In South Africa, the invasion of riparian forests by alien trees has the potential to affect the limited water resources. To justify alien clearing programs, hydrological benefits are required. Spatial upscaling of measured sapflows showed that an alien stand used 6 times more water per unit area than the indigenous stand. A gain in groundwater recharge and/or streamflow would be achieved if the alien species were removed from riparian forests and rehabilitated back to their natural state.
A. D. Clulow, C. S. Everson, M. G. Mengistu, J. S. Price, A. Nickless, and G. P. W. Jewitt
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2513–2534, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2513-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2513-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
The 3rd paper in a series dealing with evaporation over indigenous vegetation in an area of South Africa experiencing severe water challenges. The area is a World Heritage site and an important conservation area in which our understanding of the water balance plays a crucial role in system management.
We provide the fist estimates of total evaporation from a subtropical peat swamp forest, investigate measurement techniques and provide modelling solutions to estimate long-term evaporation.
T. Euser, W. M. J. Luxemburg, C. S. Everson, M. G. Mengistu, A. D. Clulow, and W. G. M. Bastiaanssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2021–2032, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2021-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2021-2014, 2014
A. D. Clulow, C. S. Everson, J. S. Price, G. P. W. Jewitt, and B. C. Scott-Shaw
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2053–2067, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2053-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2053-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Water Resources Management | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
Does stream remediation reduce phosphorus and sediment exports from agricultural catchments?
Phenophase-based comparison of field observations to satellite-based actual evaporation estimates of a natural woodland: miombo woodland, southern Africa
Patterns and drivers of water quality changes associated with dams in the Tropical Andes
δ13C, CO2 ∕ 3He and 3He ∕ 4He ratios reveal the presence of mantle gas in the CO2-rich groundwaters of the Ardennes massif (Spa, Belgium)
Advances in the hydraulic interpretation of water wells using flowmeter logs
Continuous monitoring of a soil aquifer treatment system's physico-chemical conditions to optimize operational performance
Building a methodological framework and toolkit for news media dataset tracking of conflict and cooperation dynamics on transboundary rivers
Investigating the environmental response to water harvesting structures: a field study in Tanzania
The importance of city trees for reducing net rainfall: comparing measurements and simulations
Small-scale characterization of vine plant root water uptake via 3-D electrical resistivity tomography and mise-à-la-masse method
Hydrogeological controls on spatial patterns of groundwater discharge in peatlands
Monitoring surface water quality using social media in the context of citizen science
Using crowdsourced web content for informing water systems operations in snow-dominated catchments
Learning about water resource sharing through game play
High-resolution monitoring of nutrients in groundwater and surface waters: process understanding, quantification of loads and concentrations, and management applications
Contrasting watershed-scale trends in runoff and sediment yield complicate rangeland water resources planning
The use of semi-structured interviews for the characterisation of farmer irrigation practices
High-frequency monitoring of water fluxes and nutrient loads to assess the effects of controlled drainage on water storage and nutrient transport
Investigating suspended sediment dynamics in contrasting agricultural catchments using ex situ turbidity-based suspended sediment monitoring
Vulnerability of groundwater resources to interaction with river water in a boreal catchment
Drivers of spatial and temporal variability of streamflow in the Incomati River basin
Using high-resolution phosphorus data to investigate mitigation measures in headwater river catchments
Comparison of sampling methodologies for nutrient monitoring in streams: uncertainties, costs and implications for mitigation
Geophysical methods to support correct water sampling locations for salt dilution gauging
Water management simulation games and the construction of knowledge
Tracing the spatial propagation of river inlet water into an agricultural polder area using anthropogenic gadolinium
Transboundary geophysical mapping of geological elements and salinity distribution critical for the assessment of future sea water intrusion in response to sea level rise
Potentials and limits of urban rainwater harvesting in the Middle East
Hydrologic feasibility of artificial forestation in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China
Hydraulic analysis of river training cross-vanes as part of post-restoration monitoring
Modern comprehensive approach to monitor the morphodynamic evolution of a restored river corridor
The effect of physical water quality and water level changes on the occurrence and density of Anopheles mosquito larvae around the shoreline of the Koka reservoir, central Ethiopia
Space-time variability of hydrological drought and wetness in Iran using NCEP/NCAR and GPCC datasets
Relative impacts of key drivers on the response of the water table to a major alley farming experiment
Lukas Hallberg, Faruk Djodjic, and Magdalena Bieroza
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-585, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-585, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Floodplains can be constructed along agricultural streams with the purpose to increase water residence time and thereby reduce instream erosion and intercept nutrient export. In this paper we show how this remediation measure can reduce phosphorus concentrations with up to 30 % through optimized floodplain designs and placement. These reductions were primarily facilitated by protection against erosion rather than promotion of deposition on floodplains.
Henry Zimba, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Kawawa Banda, Bart Schilperoort, Nick van de Giesen, Imasiku Nyambe, and Hubert H. G. Savenije
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1695–1722, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1695-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1695-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Miombo woodland plants continue to lose water even during the driest part of the year. This appears to be facilitated by the adapted features such as deep rooting (beyond 5 m) with access to deep soil moisture, potentially even ground water. It appears the trend and amount of water that the plants lose is correlated more to the available energy. This loss of water in the dry season by miombo woodland plants appears to be incorrectly captured by satellite-based evaporation estimates.
R. Scott Winton, Silvia López-Casas, Daniel Valencia-Rodríguez, Camilo Bernal-Forero, Juliana Delgado, Bernhard Wehrli, and Luz Jiménez-Segura
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1493–1505, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1493-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1493-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
Dams are an important and rapidly growing means of energy generation in the Tropical Andes of South America. To assess the impacts of dams in the region, we assessed differences in the upstream and downstream water quality of all hydropower dams in Colombia. We found evidence of substantial dam-induced changes in water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and suspended sediments. Dam-induced changes in Colombian waters violate regulations and are likely impacting aquatic life.
Agathe Defourny, Pierre-Henri Blard, Laurent Zimmermann, Patrick Jobé, Arnaud Collignon, Frédéric Nguyen, and Alain Dassargues
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2637–2648, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2637-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2637-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The Belgian city of Spa is known worldwide for its ferruginous and naturally sparkling groundwater springs that gave their name to the bathing tradition commonly called
spa. However, the origin of the dissolved CO2 they contain was still a matter of debate. Thanks to new analysis on groundwater samples, particularly carbon and helium isotopes together with dissolved gases, this study has demonstrated that the volcanic origin of the CO2 is presumably from the neighboring Eifel volcanic fields.
Jesús Díaz-Curiel, Bárbara Biosca, Lucía Arévalo-Lomas, María Jesús Miguel, and Natalia Caparrini
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 2617–2636, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2617-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-2617-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
A methodology is developed for a new hydraulic characterization of continental hydrological basins. For this purpose, the division of wells into flow stretches with different hydraulic behaviour is made according to the results of the flowmeter, supposing that the hypothesis hydraulic heads of the deepest flow stretches of the well do not necessarily match the head shown by the overall well.
Tuvia Turkeltaub, Alex Furman, Ron Mannheim, and Noam Weisbrod
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1565–1578, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1565-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1565-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
The quality control and optimization of soil aquifer treatment (SAT) performance is challenging due to the multiple factors and costs involved. We installed in situ subsurface monitoring sensors that provided continuous high-resolution monitoring of the biochemical and physical conditions of an active SAT system. Data analysis facilitated the determination of the optimal drying and wetting stages, which are critical for suitable SAT management.
Liying Guo, Jing Wei, Keer Zhang, Jiale Wang, and Fuqiang Tian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 1165–1185, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-1165-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Data support is crucial for the research of conflict and cooperation on transboundary rivers. Conventional, manual constructions of datasets cannot meet the requirements for fast updates in the big data era. This study brings up a revised methodological framework, based on the conventional method, and a toolkit for the news media dataset tracking of conflict and cooperation dynamics on transboundary rivers. A dataset with good tradeoffs between data relevance and coverage is generated.
Jessica A. Eisma and Venkatesh M. Merwade
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1891–1906, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1891-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1891-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Sand dams capture and store water for use during the dry season in rural communities. A year long field study of three sand dams in Tanzania showed that sand dams are not a suitable habitat for aquatic insects. They capture plenty of water, but most is evaporated during the first few months of the dry season. Sand dams positively impact vegetation and minimally impact erosion. Community water security can be increased by sand dams, but site characteristics and construction are important factors.
Vincent Smets, Charlotte Wirion, Willy Bauwens, Martin Hermy, Ben Somers, and Boud Verbeiren
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3865–3884, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3865-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3865-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
The impact of city trees for intercepting rainfall is quantified using measurements and modeling tools. The measurements show that an important amount of rainfall is intercepted, limiting the amount of water reaching the ground. Models are used to extrapolate the measurement results. The performance of two specialized interception models and one water balance model is evaluated. Our results show that the performance of the water balance model is similar to the specialized interception models.
Benjamin Mary, Luca Peruzzo, Jacopo Boaga, Myriam Schmutz, Yuxin Wu, Susan S. Hubbard, and Giorgio Cassiani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 5427–5444, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5427-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5427-2018, 2018
Danielle K. Hare, David F. Boutt, William P. Clement, Christine E. Hatch, Glorianna Davenport, and Alex Hackman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 6031–6048, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6031-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-6031-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
This research examines what processes drive the location and strength of groundwater springs within a peatland environment. Using temperature and geophysical methods, we demonstrate that the relationship between regional groundwater flow gradients and the basin shape below the peatland surface control where groundwater springs occur. Understanding this relationship will support effective restoration efforts, as groundwater spring locations are important to overall peatland function and ecology.
Hang Zheng, Yang Hong, Di Long, and Hua Jing
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 949–961, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-949-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-949-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Do you feel angry if the river in your living place is polluted by industries? Do you want to do something to save your environment? Just log in to http://www.thuhjjc.com and use the Tsinghua Environment Monitoring Platform (TEMP) to photograph the water pollution actives and make your report. This study established a social media platform to monitor and report surface water quality. The effectiveness of the platform was demonstrated by the 324 water quality reports across 30 provinces in China.
Matteo Giuliani, Andrea Castelletti, Roman Fedorov, and Piero Fraternali
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 5049–5062, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-5049-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-5049-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The unprecedented availability of user-generated data on the Web is opening new opportunities for enhancing real-time monitoring and modeling of environmental systems based on data that are public, low-cost, and spatiotemporally dense. In this paper, we contribute a novel crowdsourcing procedure for extracting snow-related information from public web images. The value of the obtained virtual snow indexes is assessed for a real-world water management problem.
Tracy Ewen and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 4079–4091, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4079-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4079-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Games are an optimal way to teach about water resource sharing, as they allow real-world scenarios to be explored. We look at how games can be used to teach about water resource sharing, by both playing and developing water games. An evaluation of the web-based game Irrigania found Irrigania to be an effective and easy tool to incorporate into curriculum, and a course on developing water games encouraged students to think about water resource sharing in a more critical and insightful way.
Frans C. van Geer, Brian Kronvang, and Hans Peter Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3619–3629, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3619-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The paper includes a review of the current state of high-frequency monitoring in groundwater and surface waters as an outcome of a special issue of HESS and four sessions at EGU on this topic. The focus of the paper is to look at how high-frequency monitoring can be used as a valuable support to assess the management efforts under various EU directives. We conclude that we in future will see a transition from research to implementation in operational monitoring use of high-frequency sensors.
Matthew D. Berg, Franco Marcantonio, Mead A. Allison, Jason McAlister, Bradford P. Wilcox, and William E. Fox
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2295–2307, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2295-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2295-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Rangelands, from grasslands to woodlands, cover much of the earth. These areas face great pressure to meet growing water needs. Data on large-scale dynamics that drive water planning remain rare. Our watershed-scale results challenge simplistic hydrological assumptions. Streamflow was resilient to dramatic landscape changes. These changes did shape sediment yield, affecting water storage. Understanding these processes is vital to projections of rangeland water resources in a changing world.
Jimmy O'Keeffe, Wouter Buytaert, Ana Mijic, Nicholas Brozović, and Rajiv Sinha
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 1911–1924, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1911-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-1911-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Semi-structured interviews provide an effective and efficient way of collecting qualitative and quantitative data on water use practices. Interviews are organised around a topic guide, which helps lead the conversation while allowing sufficient opportunity to identify issues previously unknown to the researcher. The use of semi-structured interviews could significantly and quickly improve insight on water resources, leading to more realistic future management options and increased water security.
J. C. Rozemeijer, A. Visser, W. Borren, M. Winegram, Y. van der Velde, J. Klein, and H. P. Broers
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 347–358, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-347-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Controlled drainage has been recognized as an effective option to optimize soil moisture conditions for agriculture and to reduce unnecessary losses of fresh water and nutrients. For a grassland field in the Netherlands, we measured the changes in the field water and solute balance after introducing controlled drainage. We concluded that controlled drainage reduced the drain discharge and increased the groundwater storage in the field, but did not have clear positive effects for water quality.
S. C. Sherriff, J. S. Rowan, A. R. Melland, P. Jordan, O. Fenton, and D. Ó hUallacháin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3349–3363, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3349-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3349-2015, 2015
A. Rautio, A.-L. Kivimäki, K. Korkka-Niemi, M. Nygård, V.-P. Salonen, K. Lahti, and H. Vahtera
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 3015–3032, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3015-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-3015-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
Based on low-altitude aerial infrared surveys, around 370 groundwater–surface water interaction sites were located. Longitudinal temperature patterns, stable isotopes and dissolved silica composition of the studied rivers differed. Interaction sites identified in the proximity of 12 municipal water plants during low-flow seasons should be considered as potential risk areas during flood periods and should be taken under consideration in river basin management under changing climatic situations.
A. M. L. Saraiva Okello, I. Masih, S. Uhlenbrook, G. P. W. Jewitt, P. van der Zaag, and E. Riddell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 657–673, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-657-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-657-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We studied long-term daily records of rainfall and streamflow of the Incomati River basin in southern Africa. We used statistical analysis and the Indicators of Hydrologic Alteration tool to describe the spatial and temporal variability flow regime. We found significant declining trends in October flows, and low flow indicators; however, no significant trend was found in rainfall. Land use and flow regulation are larger drivers of temporal changes in streamflow than climatic forces in the basin.
J. M. Campbell, P. Jordan, and J. Arnscheidt
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 453–464, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-453-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-453-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
High-resolution phosphorus and flow data were used to gauge the effects of diffuse (soil P) and point source (septic tank system) mitigation measures in two flashy headwater river catchments. Over 4 years the data indicated an overall increase in P concentration in defined high flow ranges and low flow P concentration showed little change. The work indicates fractured responses to catchment management advice and mitigation which were also affected by variations in seasonal hydrometeorology.
J. Audet, L. Martinsen, B. Hasler, H. de Jonge, E. Karydi, N. B. Ovesen, and B. Kronvang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 4721–4731, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-4721-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
The mitigation of excess nitrogen and phosphorus in river waters requires costly measures. Therefore it is essential to use reliable monitoring methods to select adequate mitigation strategies. Here we show that more development is needed before passive samplers can be considered as reliable alternative for sampling nutrients in stream. We also showed that although continuous sampling is expensive, its reliability precludes unnecessarily high implementation costs of mitigation measures.
C. Comina, M. Lasagna, D. A. De Luca, and L. Sambuelli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3195–3203, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3195-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3195-2014, 2014
M. Rusca, J. Heun, and K. Schwartz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2749–2757, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2749-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2749-2012, 2012
J. Rozemeijer, C. Siderius, M. Verheul, and H. Pomarius
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2405–2415, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2405-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2405-2012, 2012
F. Jørgensen, W. Scheer, S. Thomsen, T. O. Sonnenborg, K. Hinsby, H. Wiederhold, C. Schamper, T. Burschil, B. Roth, R. Kirsch, and E. Auken
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1845–1862, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1845-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1845-2012, 2012
J. Lange, S. Husary, A. Gunkel, D. Bastian, and T. Grodek
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 715–724, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-715-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-715-2012, 2012
T. T. Jin, B. J. Fu, G. H. Liu, and Z. Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2519–2530, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2519-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2519-2011, 2011
T. A. Endreny and M. M. Soulman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2119–2126, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2119-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2119-2011, 2011
N. Pasquale, P. Perona, P. Schneider, J. Shrestha, A. Wombacher, and P. Burlando
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1197–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1197-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1197-2011, 2011
B. M. Teklu, H. Tekie, M. McCartney, and S. Kibret
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 2595–2603, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2595-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2595-2010, 2010
T. Raziei, I. Bordi, L. S. Pereira, and A. Sutera
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 1919–1930, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1919-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-1919-2010, 2010
S. L. Noorduijn, K. R. J. Smettem, R. Vogwill, and A. Ghadouani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2095–2104, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2095-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2095-2009, 2009
Cited articles
Albaugh, J. M., Dye, P. J., and King, J. S.: Eucalyptus and water use in South Africa, Int. J. For. Res., 11, 852540, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/852540, 2013.
Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., and Smith, M. (Eds.): Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop water requirements, 2nd edn., Food and Agricultural Organisation of the United Nations, Rome, Italy, 174 pp., ISBN 9251042195, 1998.
Aria, M., Cuccurullo, C., and Gnasso, A.: A comparison among interpretative proposals for Random Forests, Mach. Learn., 6, 1000094, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2021.100094 2021.
Benyon, R. G. and Doody, T. M.: Comparison of interception, forest floor evaporation and transpiration in Pinus radiata and Eucalyptus globulus plantations, Hydrol. Process., 29, 1173–1187, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.10237, 2014.
Breiman, L., Friedman, J. H., Olshen, R. A., and Stone, C. J.: Classification and regression of trees: first edition, Chapman & Hall publishers, New York, 368 pp., ISBN 9781315139470, https://doi.org/10.1201/9781315139470, 1984.
Breiman, L.: Random forests, Mach. Learn., 45, 15–32, 2001.
Bulcock, H. H. and Jewitt, G. P. W.: Field data collection and analysis of canopy and litter interception in commercial forest plantations in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, South Africa, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 3717–3728, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-3717-2012, 2012.
Burgess, S. S. O., Adams, M. A., Turner, N. C., Beverly, C. R., Ong, C. K., Khan, A. A. H., and Bleby, T. M.: An improved heat pulse method to measure low and reverse rates of sap flow in woody plants, Tree Physiol., 21, 589–598, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/21.9.589, 2001.
Calder, I. R.: Eucalyptus, water and the environment, in: Eucalyptus, edited by: Coppen, J. J. W., Taylor and Francis Inc., New York, 36–51, ISBN 9780429218897, 2002.
Callaham, M. A., Stanturf, J. A., Hammond, W., Rockwood, D. L., Wenk, E. S., O'Brien, J. J.: Survey to evaluate escape of eucalyptus spp. seedlings from plantations in south eastern USA, Int. J. For. Res., 13, 946374, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/946374, 2013.
Campion, M., Dye, P. J., and Scholes, M. C.: Modelling maximum canopy conductance and transpiration in Eucalyptus grandis stand not subjected to soil water deficit, S. Afr. For. J., 202, 3–11, https://doi.org/10.1080/20702620.2004.10431784, 2004.
Cermák, J. and Nadezhdina, N.: Sapwood as the scaling parameter – defining according to xylem water content or radial pattern of sap flow?, Ann. For. Sci., 55, 509–521, https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:19980501, 1998.
Christina, M., Nouvellon, Y., Laclau, J. P., Stape, J. L., Bouillet, J. P., Lambais, G. R., and Le Maire, G.: Importance of deep-water uptake in tropical eucalypt forest, Funct. Ecol., 31, 509-519, https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12727, 2016.
Clulow, A. D., Everson, C. S., and Gush, M. B.: The long-term impact of Acacia mearnsii trees on evaporation, streamflow and groundwater resources, Water Research Commission Report TT 505/11, South Africa, 104 pp., ISBN 9781431200203, 2011.
Crosbie, R., Wilson, B., Hughes, J., and McCulloch, C.: The upscaling of transpiration from individual trees to areal transpiration in tree belts, Plant Soil, 297, 223–232, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007-9337-y, 2007.
Curtis, R. O. and Marshall, D. D.: Why Quadratic Mean Diameter?, West. J. Appl. For., 15, 137–139, https://doi.org/10.1093/wjaf/15.3.137, 2000.
Cutler, D. R., Edwards, T. C., Beard, K. H., Cutler, A., Hess, K. T., Gibson, J., and Lawler, J. J.: Random Forests for classification in ecology, Ecology, 88, 2783–2792, https://doi.org/10.1890/07-0539.1, 2007.
David, T. S., Ferreira, M. I., David, J. S., and Pereira, J. S.: Transpiration from mature Eucalyptus globulus plantation in Portugal during a spring-summer period of progressively high-water deficit, Oecologia, 110, 153–159, https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00008812, 1997.
Delzon, S. and Loustau, D.: Age-related decline in stand water use: sap flow and transpiration in a pine forest chronosequence, Agr. Forest. Meteorol., 129, 105–119, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.01.002, 2005.
Dougherty, D. and Wright, J.: Silviculture and economic evaluation of eucalypt plantations in the Southern US, BioResources, 7, 1994–2001, https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.7.2.1994-2001, 2012.
Dye, P. J.: Response of Eucalyptus grandis trees to soil water deficits, Tree Physiol., 16, 233–238, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/16.1-2.233, 1996.
Dye, P. J.: A review of changing perspectives on Eucalyptus water-use in South Africa, Forest Ecol. Manag., 301, 51–57, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.08.027, 2013.
Dye, P. J. and Olbrich, B. W.: Estimating transpiration from 6-year-old Eucalyptus grandis trees: development of a canopy conductance model and comparison with independent sap flux measurements, Plant Cell Environ., 16, 45–53, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1993.tb00843.x, 2012.
Dye, P. J., Soko, S., and Poulter, A. G.: Evaluation of the heat pulse velocity method for measuring sap flow in Pinus Patula, J. Exp. Bot., 47, 975–981, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/47.7.975, 1996.
Dye, P. J., Poulter, A. G., Soko, S., and Maphanga, D.: The determination of the relationship between transpiration rate and declining available water for Eucalyptus grandis, Water Research Commission Report No. 441/1/97, Pretoria, South Africa, 103 pp., ISBN 1868453057, 1997.
Dye, P. J., Vilakazi, P., Gush, M., Ndlela, R., and Royappen, M.: Investigation of the feasibility of using trunk growth increments to estimate water use of Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus Patula plantation, Water Research Commission Report No. 809/1/01, South Africa, 229 pp., ISBN 1868458164, 2001.
Dye, P. J., Jacobs, S., and Drew, D.: Verification of 3-PG growth and water-use predictions in twelve Eucalyptus plantation stands in Zululand, South Africa, Forest Ecol. Manag., 193, 197–218, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.030, 2004.
Eksteen, A. B., Grzeskowiak, V., Jones, N. B., and Pammenter, N. W.: Stomatal characteristics of Eucalyptus grandis clonal hybrids in response to water stress, South. Forests, 75, 105–111, https://doi.org/10.2989/20702620.2013.804310, 2013.
Everson, C. S., Clulow, A. D., Becker, M., Watson, A., Ngubo, C., Bulcock, H., Mengistu, M., Lorentz, S., and Demlie, M.: The long-term impact of Acacia mearnsii trees on evaporation, streamflow, low flows and ground water resources. Phase II: Understanding the controlling environmental variables and soil water processes over a full crop rotation, Water Research Commission Report K5/2022, South Africa, 155 pp., ISBN 9781431205165, 2014.
Forrester, D. I., Collopy, J. J., and Morris, J. D.: Transpiration along an age series of Eucalyptus globulus plantation in southeastern Australia, Forest Ecol. Manag., 259, 1754–1760, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.04.023, 2010.
Fox, T. R., Jokela, E. J., and Allen, H. L.: The development of pine plantation silviculture in the southern United States, J. Forest., 105, 337–347, 2007.
Forestry South Africa: Report on commercial timber resources and primary roundwood processing in South Africa, https://www.forestrysouthafrica.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/TimberStats-2018_19.pdf (last access: 5 July 2023), 2020.
Fuchs, S., Leuschner, C., Link, R., Coners, H., and Schuldt, B.: Calibration and comparison of thermal dissipation, heat ratio and heat field deformation sap flow probes for diffuse-porous trees, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 244–245, 151–161, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2017.04.003, 2017.
Hall, R. L.: Aerodynamic resistance of coppiced poplar, Agr. Forest Meteorol., 114, 83–102, https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00099, 2002.
Hasenmueller, A. A., Gu, X., Weitzman, J. N., Adams, T. S., Stinchcomb, G. E., Eissenstat, D. M., Drohan, P. J., Brantley, S. L., and Kaye, J. P.: Weathering of rockto regolith: The activity of deep roots in bedrock fractures, Geoderma, 300, 11–31, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.03.020, 2017.
Hatton, T. J. and Vertessy, R. A.: Transpiration of plantation Pinus radiata estimated by the heat pulse method and the Bowen ratio, Hydrol. Process., 4, 289–298, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360040309, 1990.
Hatton, T. J. and Wu, H.-I.: Scaling theory to extrapolate individual tree water use to stand water use, Hydrol. Process., 9, 527–540, https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.3360090505, 1995.
Kuhn, M.: Building predictive models in R using the caret package, J. Stat. Softw., 28, 1–26, https://doi.org/10.18637/jss.v028.i05, 2008.
Lundblad, M. and Lindroth, A.: Stand transpiration and sapflow density in relation to weather, soil moisture and stand characteristics, Basic Appl. Ecol., 3, 229–243, https://doi.org/10.1078/1439-1791-00099, 2002.
Maier, C. A, Albaugh, T. J., Cook, R. I., Hall, K., McInnin, D., Johnsen, K. H., Johnson, J., Rubilar, R. A., and Vose, J. M.: Comparative water use in short-rotation Eucalyptus benthamii and Pinus taeda trees in the Southern United States, Forest Ecol. Manag., 397, 126–138, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2017.04.038, 2017.
Meiresonne, L., Nadezhdin, N., Cermák, J., Van Slycken, J., and Ceulemans, R.: Measured sap flow and simulated transpiration from a poplar stand in Flanders (Belgium), Agr. Forest Meteorol., 96, 165–179, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-1923(99)00066-0, 1999.
Mitchell, P. J., O'Grady, A. P., Tissue, D. T., White, D. A., Ottenschlaeger, M. L., and Pinkard, E. A.: Drought response strategies define the relative contributions of hydraulic dysfunction and carbohydrate depletion during tree mortality, New Phytol., 197, 862–872, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12064, 2013.
Moran, E., Lauder, J., Musser, C., Stathos, A., and Shu M.: The genetics of drought tolerance in conifers, New. Phytol., 216, 1034–1048, https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.14774, 2017.
Mucina, L. and Rutherford, M. C.: The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland, South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, South Africa, 801 pp., 2006.
Nambiar, E. K. S.: Tamm Review: Re-imagining forestry and wood business: pathway to rural development, poverty alleviation and climate change mitigation in the tropics, Forest Ecol. Manag., 448, 160–173, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.06.014, 2019.
O'Grady, A. P., Eamus, D., and Hutley, L. B.: Transpiration increases during the dry season: patterns of tree water use in eucalypt open-forests of northern Australia, Tree Physiol., 19, 591–597, https://https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/19.9.591, 1999.
Oren, R. and Pataki, D.: Transpiration in response to variation in microclimate and soil moisture in southeastern deciduous forests, Oecologia 127, 549–559, https://doi.org/10.1007/s004420000622, 2001.
Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007, 2007.
R Development Core Team: R: a language and environment for statistical computing, Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing, http://www.R-project.org (last access: 2 August 2023), 2008.
Samuelson, L. J., Farris, M. G., Stokes, T. A., and Coleman, M. D.: Fertilization but not irrigation influences hydraulic traits in plantation-grown loblolly pine, Forest Ecol. Manag., 255, 3331–3339, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2008.02.014, 2008.
Samuelson, L. J., Stokes, T. A., Ramirez, M. R., and Mendonca, C. C.: Drought tolerance of a Pinus palustris plantation, Forest Ecol. Manag., 451, 117557, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2019.117557, 2019.
Santra, P., Kumar, M., Kumawat, R. N., Painuli, D., K., Hati, K. M., Heuvelink, G. B. M., and Batjes, N. H.: Pedotransfer functions to estimate soil water content at field capacity and permanent wilting point in hot Arid Western India, J. Earth Syst. Sci., 127, 439–448, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-018-0937-0, 2018.
Savage, M. J., Everson, C. S., and Metelerkamp, B. R.: Evaporation measurement above vegetated surfaces using micrometeorological techniques, Water Research Commission Report No. 349/1/97, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa, 248 pp., ISBN 1-86845 363 4, 1997.
Scott, D. F. and Lesch, W.: Streamflow responses to afforestation with Eucalyptus grandis and Pinus patula and to felling in the Mokobulaan experimental catchments, South Africa, J. Hydrol., 199, 360–377, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(96)03336-7, 1997.
Scott, D. F. and Smith, R. E.: Preliminary empirical models to predict reductions in annual and lo flows resulting from afforestation, Water SA, 23, 135–140, 1997.
Scott, D. F., Prinsloo, F. W., Moses, G., Mehlomakulu, M., and Simmers, D. A.: A re-analysis of the South African catchment afforestation experimental data, Water Research Commission Report No. 810/1/00, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, South Africa, 122 pp., ISBN 1868456722, 2000.
Smith, R. E. and Scott, D. F.: The effects of afforestation on low flows in various regions of South Africa, Water SA, 18, 185–194, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-0919-5_13, 1992.
Soil Classification Working Group (Eds.): Soil classification: a taxonomic system for South Africa, 2nd edn., Department of Agricultural Development, Pretoria, South Africa, 257 pp., ISBN 9780621107845, 1991.
Stanturf, J. A., Vance, E. D., Fox, T. R., and Kirst, M.: Eucalyptus beyond its native range: Environmental issues in 15 exotic bioenergy plantations, Int. J. For. Res., 16, 463030, https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/463030, 2013.
Traver, E., Ewers, B. E., Mackay, D. S., and Loranty, M. M.: Tree transpiration varies spatially in response to atmospheric but not edaphic conditions, Funct. Ecol., 24, 273–282, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2435.2009.01657.x, 2010.
Vandegehuchte, M. W. and Steppe, K.: Use of the correct heat conduction–convection equation as basis for heat-pulse sap flow methods in anisotropic wood, J. Exp. Bot., 63, 2833–2839, https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ers041, 2012.
Van Lill, W. S., Kruger, F. J., and Van Wyk, D. B.: The effect of afforestation with Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maiden and Pinus patula Schlecht. et. Cham. on streamflow from experimental catchments at Mokobulaan, Transvaal, J. Hydrol., 48, 107–118, https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1694(80)90069-4, 1980.
Vertessy, R. A., Hatton, T. J., Reece, P., O'Sullivan, S. K., and Benyon, R. G.: Estimating stand water use of large mountain ash trees and validation of the sap flow measurement technique, Tree Physiol., 17, 747–756, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/17.12.747, 1997.
White, D. A., Beadle, C. L., Sands, P. J., Worledge, D., and Honeysett, J. L.: Quantifying the effect of cumulative water stress on stomatal conductance of Eucalyptus globulus and Eucalyptus nitens: a phenomenological approach, Aust. Forestry, 26, 17–27, https://doi.org/10.1071/PP98023, 1999.
White, D. A., Silberstein, R. P., Contreras, F. B., Quiroga, J. J., Meason, D. F., Palma, J. H. N., and de Arellano, P. R.: Growth, water use, and water use efficiency of Eucalyptus globulus and Pinus radiata plantations compared with natural stands of Roble-Hualo Forest in the coastal mountains of central Chile, Forest Ecol. Manag., 501, 119675–119676, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2021.119676, 2021.
White, D. A., Ren, S., Mendham, D. S., Balocchi-Contreras, F., Silberstein, R. P., Meason, D., Iroumé, A., and Ramirez de Arellano, P.: Is the reputation of Eucalyptus plantations for using more water than Pinus plantations justified?, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 5357–5371, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-5357-2022, 2022.
Whitehead, D. and Beadle, C. L.: Physiological regulation of productivity and water use in Eucalyptus: a review, Forest Ecol. Manag., 193, 113–140, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.01.026, 2004.
World Meteorological Organisation: Guide to Meteorological Instruments and Methods of Observation, World Meteorological Observation, Geneva, Switzerland, 716 pp., ISBN 9789263100085, 2010.
Zeppel, M. J. B, Murray, B. R., Barton, C., and Eamus, D.: Seasonal responses of xylem sap velocity to VPD and solar radiation during drought in a stand of native tree in temperate Australia, Australia Funct. Plant Biol., 31, 461–471, https://doi.org/10.1071/FP03220, 2004.
Zweifel, R., Zimmermann, L., and Newberry, D. M.: Modelling tree water deficit from microclimate: an approach to quantifying drought stress, Tree Physiol., 25, 147–156, https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/25.2.147, 2005.
Short summary
Water-use studies comparing pine and Eucalyptus are limited. This study used internationally recognized methods to measure water use by Eucalyptus and pine over two seasons. Results showed that, over one season, pine used more water than Eucalyptus, which was contrary to previous long-term studies. However, the Eucalyptus site was found to be water stressed. This study concluded that the observed water stress and reduced transpiration rates must be included in hydrological models.
Water-use studies comparing pine and Eucalyptus are limited. This study used internationally...
