Articles | Volume 23, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1567-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1567-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Technical note: Laboratory modelling of urban flooding: strengths and challenges of distorted scale models
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
Sébastien Erpicum
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
Martin Bruwier
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
Emmanuel Mignot
LMFA, CNRS-Université de Lyon, INSA de Lyon, 69100, Lyon,
France
Pascal Finaud-Guyot
ICube laboratory (UMR 7357), Fluid mechanics team, ENGEES,
67084, Strasbourg, France
Pierre Archambeau
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
Michel Pirotton
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
Benjamin Dewals
Hydraulics in Environmental and Civil Engineering (HECE),
University of Liège (ULiège), 4000, Liège, Belgium
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Cristina Prieto, Dhruvesh Patel, Dawei Han, Benjamin Dewals, Michaela Bray, and Daniela Molinari
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3381–3386, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3381-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-24-3381-2024, 2024
Anna Rita Scorzini, Benjamin Dewals, Daniela Rodriguez Castro, Pierre Archambeau, and Daniela Molinari
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1743–1761, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1743-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1743-2022, 2022
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This study presents a replicable procedure for the adaptation of synthetic, multi-variable flood damage models among countries that may have different hazard and vulnerability features. The procedure is exemplified here for the case of adaptation to the Belgian context of a flood damage model, INSYDE, for the residential sector, originally developed for Italy. The study describes necessary changes in model assumptions and input parameters to properly represent the new context of implementation.
Laurène J. E. Bouaziz, Fabrizio Fenicia, Guillaume Thirel, Tanja de Boer-Euser, Joost Buitink, Claudia C. Brauer, Jan De Niel, Benjamin J. Dewals, Gilles Drogue, Benjamin Grelier, Lieke A. Melsen, Sotirios Moustakas, Jiri Nossent, Fernando Pereira, Eric Sprokkereef, Jasper Stam, Albrecht H. Weerts, Patrick Willems, Hubert H. G. Savenije, and Markus Hrachowitz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 1069–1095, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1069-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-1069-2021, 2021
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We quantify the differences in internal states and fluxes of 12 process-based models with similar streamflow performance and assess their plausibility using remotely sensed estimates of evaporation, snow cover, soil moisture and total storage anomalies. The dissimilarities in internal process representation imply that these models cannot all simultaneously be close to reality. Therefore, we invite modelers to evaluate their models using multiple variables and to rely on multi-model studies.
Estanislao Pujades, Philippe Orban, Pierre Archambeau, Sebastien Erpicum, and Alain Dassargues
Adv. Geosci., 45, 51–56, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-51-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/adgeo-45-51-2018, 2018
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The main concern of UPSH using abandoned mines is the water exchanges between the underground reservoir and the surrounding medium, which are relevant in terms of environmental impact and the system efficiency. This work is based in real abandoned slate mine and investigates how the geometry of the mine affects the groundwater exchanges and their associated consequences.
Léonidas Nibigira, Hans-Balder Havenith, Pierre Archambeau, and Benjamin Dewals
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1867–1890, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1867-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-18-1867-2018, 2018
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Flood prediction methods are often based solely on climatic parameters and sometimes on the failure of existing dams. This paper shows the importance of multi-hazard studies, including potential natural dam formation to avoid risk underestimation. We present an end-to-end analysis, ranging from the origin of the landslide up to the computation of flood waves induced by the dam breaching. The paper is based on a case study of Bujumbura in the East African Rift Valley, a multi-hazard environment.
Anaïs Arrault, Pascal Finaud-Guyot, Pierre Archambeau, Martin Bruwier, Sébastien Erpicum, Michel Pirotton, and Benjamin Dewals
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1413–1429, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1413-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-1413-2016, 2016
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Floods in urban environments cause substantial damage. Urban flood risk management requires a reliable knowledge of flood hazard, including the flow characteristics in urbanized floodplains. Here we present numerical simulations of flooding in an urban district. The computations are compared against experimental observations obtained from a remarkable laboratory set-up, representing an urban district with 14 streets and 49 crossroads. Data provide a unique benchmark for other numerical models.
Related subject area
Subject: Urban Hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Instruments and observation techniques
A Bayesian updating framework for calibrating the hydrological parameters of road networks using taxi GPS data
Assessing specific differential phase (KDP)-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the record- breaking rainfall over Zhengzhou city on 20 July 2021
Sources and pathways of biocides and their transformation products in urban storm water infrastructure of a 2 ha urban district
Assessing different imaging velocimetry techniques to measure shallow runoff velocities during rain events using an urban drainage physical model
Using soil water isotopes to infer the influence of contrasting urban green space on ecohydrological partitioning
Reconstituting past flood events: the contribution of citizen science
Scalable flood level trend monitoring with surveillance cameras using a deep convolutional neural network
Weather radar rainfall data in urban hydrology
The potential of urban rainfall monitoring with crowdsourced automatic weather stations in Amsterdam
Gauge-adjusted rainfall estimates from commercial microwave links
Improving the precipitation accumulation analysis using lightning measurements and different integration periods
Local nutrient regimes determine site-specific environmental triggers of cyanobacterial and microcystin variability in urban lakes
Variability of drainage and solute leaching in heterogeneous urban vegetation environs
Technical note on measuring run-off dynamics from pavements using a new device: the weighable tipping bucket
Xiangfu Kong, Jiawen Yang, Ke Xu, Bo Dong, and Shan Jiang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 3803–3822, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3803-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-3803-2023, 2023
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To solve the issue of sparsity of field-observed runoff data, we propose a methodology that leverages taxi GPS data to support hydrological parameter calibration for road networks. Novel to this study is that a new kind of data source, namely floating car data, is introduced to tackle the ungauged catchment problem, providing alternative flooding early warning supports for cities that have little runoff data but rich taxi data.
Haoran Li, Dmitri Moisseev, Yali Luo, Liping Liu, Zheng Ruan, Liman Cui, and Xinghua Bao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 1033–1046, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023, 2023
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A rainfall event that occurred at Zhengzhou on 20 July 2021 caused tremendous loss of life and property. This study compares different KDP estimation methods as well as the resulting QPE outcomes. The results show that the selection of the KDP estimation method has minimal impact on QPE, whereas the inadequate assumption of rain microphysics and unquantified vertical air motion may explain the underestimated 201.9 mm h−1 record.
Felicia Linke, Oliver Olsson, Frank Preusser, Klaus Kümmerer, Lena Schnarr, Marcus Bork, and Jens Lange
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 4495–4512, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4495-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4495-2021, 2021
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We used a two-step approach with limited sampling effort in existing storm water infrastructure to illustrate the risk of biocide emission in a 2 ha urban area 13 years after construction had ended. First samples at a swale confirmed the overall relevance of biocide pollution. Then we identified sources where biocides were used for film protection and pathways where transformation products were formed. Our results suggest that biocide pollution is a also continuous risk in aging urban areas.
Juan Naves, Juan T. García, Jerónimo Puertas, and Jose Anta
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 885–900, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-885-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-885-2021, 2021
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Surface water velocities are key in the calibration of physically based urban drainage models, but the shallow depths developed during non-extreme rainfall and the risks during floods limit the availability of this type of data. This study proves the potential of different imaging velocimetry techniques to measure water runoff velocities in urban catchments during rain events, highlighting the importance of considering rain properties to interpret and assess the results obtained.
Lena-Marie Kuhlemann, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Aaron Smith, Birgit Kleinschmit, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 927–943, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-927-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-927-2021, 2021
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We studied water partitioning under urban grassland, shrub and trees during a warm and dry growing season in Berlin, Germany. Soil evaporation was highest under grass, but total green water fluxes and turnover time of soil water were greater under trees. Lowest evapotranspiration losses under shrub indicate potential higher drought resilience. Knowledge of water partitioning and requirements of urban green will be essential for better adaptive management of urban water and irrigation strategies.
Bocar Sy, Corine Frischknecht, Hy Dao, David Consuegra, and Gregory Giuliani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 61–74, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-61-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-61-2020, 2020
Matthew Moy de Vitry, Simon Kramer, Jan Dirk Wegner, and João P. Leitão
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4621–4634, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4621-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4621-2019, 2019
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This work demonstrates a new approach to obtain flood level trend information from surveillance footage with minimal prior information. A neural network trained to detect flood water is applied to video frames to create a qualitative flooding metric (namely, SOFI). The correlation between the real water trend and SOFI was found to be 75 % on average (based on six videos of flooding under various circumstances). SOFI could be used for flood model calibration, to increase model reliability.
Søren Thorndahl, Thomas Einfalt, Patrick Willems, Jesper Ellerbæk Nielsen, Marie-Claire ten Veldhuis, Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen, Michael R. Rasmussen, and Peter Molnar
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1359–1380, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1359-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1359-2017, 2017
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This paper reviews how weather radar data can be used in urban hydrological applications. It focuses on three areas of research: (1) temporal and spatial resolution of rainfall data, (2) rainfall estimation, radar data adjustment and data quality, and (3) nowcasting of radar rainfall and real-time applications. Moreover, the paper provides examples of urban hydrological applications which can benefit from radar rainfall data in comparison to tradition rain gauge measurements of rainfall.
Lotte de Vos, Hidde Leijnse, Aart Overeem, and Remko Uijlenhoet
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 765–777, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-765-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-765-2017, 2017
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Recent developments have made it possible to easily crowdsource meteorological measurements from automatic personal weather stations worldwide. This has offered free access to rainfall ground measurements at spatial and temporal resolutions far exceeding those of national operational sensor networks, especially in cities. This paper is the first step to make optimal use of this promising source of rainfall measurements and identify challenges for future implementation for urban applications.
Martin Fencl, Michal Dohnal, Jörg Rieckermann, and Vojtěch Bareš
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 617–634, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-617-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-617-2017, 2017
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Commercial microwave links (CMLs) can provide rainfall observations with high space–time resolution. Unfortunately, CML rainfall estimates are often biased because we lack detailed information on the processes that attenuate the transmitted microwaves. We suggest removing the bias by continuously adjusting CMLs to cumulative data from rain gauges (RGs), which can be remote from the CMLs. Our approach practically eliminates the bias, which we demonstrate on unique data from several CMLs and RGs.
Erik Gregow, Antti Pessi, Antti Mäkelä, and Elena Saltikoff
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 267–279, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-267-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-267-2017, 2017
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A new lightning data assimilation method has been implemented and validated within the Finnish Meteorological Institute – Local Analysis and Prediction System. Lightning data do improve the analysis when no radars are available, and even with radar data, lightning data have a positive impact on the results.
We also investigate the usage of different time integration intervals: 1, 6, 12, 24 h and 7 days, where the 1 h integration time length gives the best results.
S. C. Sinang, E. S. Reichwaldt, and A. Ghadouani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2179–2195, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2179-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2179-2015, 2015
H. Nouri, S. Beecham, A. M. Hassanli, and G. Ingleton
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4339–4347, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4339-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4339-2013, 2013
T. Nehls, Y. Nam Rim, and G. Wessolek
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1379–1386, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1379-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1379-2011, 2011
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Short summary
With a growing urban flood risk worldwide, flood risk management tools need to be validated against reference data. Field and remote-sensing observations provide valuable data on inundation extent and depth but virtually no information on flow velocity. Laboratory scale models have the potential to deliver complementary data, provided that the model scaling is performed carefully. In this paper, we reanalyse existing laboratory data to discuss challenges related to the scaling of urban floods.
With a growing urban flood risk worldwide, flood risk management tools need to be validated...