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An interactive open-access journal of the European Geosciences Union
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HESS | Articles | Volume 22, issue 3
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1749–1766, 2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1749-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1749-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1749–1766, 2018
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1749-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1749-2018
© Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article 09 Mar 2018
Research article | 09 Mar 2018
Characterizing drought in terms of changes in the precipitation–runoff relationship: a case study of the Loess Plateau, China
Yuan Zhang et al.
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Yongzhe Chen, Xiaoming Feng, and Bojie Fu
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 13, 1–31, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-13-1-2021, 2021
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Soil moisture can greatly influence the ecosystem but is hard to monitor at the global scale. By calibrating and combining 11 different products derived from satellite observation, we developed a new global surface soil moisture dataset spanning from 2003 to 2018 with high accuracy. Using this new dataset, not only can the global long-term trends be derived, but also the seasonal variation and spatial distribution of surface soil moisture at different latitudes can be better studied.
Xianfeng Liu, Xiaoming Feng, Philippe Ciais, and Bojie Fu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3663–3676, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3663-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3663-2020, 2020
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Freshwater availability is crucial for sustainable development across the Asian and eastern European regions. Our results indicate widespread decline in terrestrial water storage (TWS) over the region during 2002–2017, primarily due to the intensive over-extraction of groundwater and warmth-induced surface water loss. The findings provide insights into changes in TWS and its components over the Asian and eastern European regions, where there is growing demand for food grains and water supplies.
Jianjun Zhang, Guangyao Gao, Bojie Fu, Cong Wang, Hoshin V. Gupta, Xiaoping Zhang, and Rui Li
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 809–826, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-809-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-809-2020, 2020
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We proposed an approach that integrates universal multifractals and a segmentation algorithm to precisely identify extreme precipitation (EP) and assess spatiotemporal EP variation over the Loess Plateau, using daily data. Our results explain how EP contributes to the widely distributed severe natural hazards. These findings are of great significance for ecological management in the Loess Plateau. Our approach is also helpful for spatiotemporal EP assessment at the regional scale.
Chuan Yuan, Guangyao Gao, Bojie Fu, Daming He, Xingwu Duan, and Xiaohua Wei
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4077–4095, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4077-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4077-2019, 2019
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The stemflow dynamics of two xerophytic shrubs were investigated at the inter- and intra-event scales with high-temporal-resolution data in 54 rain events. Stemflow process was depicted by intensity, duration and time lags to rain events. Funneling ratio was calculated as the ratio of stemflow to rainfall intensities. Rainfall intensity and raindrop momentum controlled stemflow intensity and time lags. Influences of rainfall characteristics on stemflow variables showed temporal dependence.
Guangyao Gao, Jianjun Zhang, Yu Liu, Zheng Ning, Bojie Fu, and Murugesu Sivapalan
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4363–4378, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4363-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4363-2017, 2017
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This study extracted spatio-temporal patterns in the effects of LUCC and precipitation variability on sediment yield across the Loess Plateau during 1961–2011. The impacts of precipitation on sediment yield declined with time and the precipitation-sediment relationship showed a coherent spatial pattern. The sediment coefficient, representing the effect of LUCC, decreases linearly with fraction of area treated with erosion control measures and the slopes were highly variable among the catchments.
Yonggang Yang and Bojie Fu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1757–1767, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1757-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1757-2017, 2017
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This paper investigates soil water migration processes in the Loess Plateau using isotopes. The soil water migration is dominated by piston-type flow, but rarely preferential flow. Soil water from the soil lay (20–40 cm) contributed to 6–12% of plant xylem water, while soil water at the depth of 40–60 cm is the largest component (range from 60 to 66 %), soil water below 60 cm depth contributed 8–14 % to plant xylem water, and only 5–8 % is derived from precipitation.
Ji Zhou, Bojie Fu, Guangyao Gao, Yihe Lü, and Shuai Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1491–1514, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1491-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1491-2017, 2017
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We constructed an integrated probabilistic assessment to describe, simulate and evaluate the stochasticity of soil erosion in restoration vegetation in the Loess Plateau. We found that morphological structures in vegetation are the source of different stochasticities of soil erosion, and proved that the Poisson model is fit for predicting erosion stochasticity. This assessment could be an important complement to develop restoration strategies to improve understanding of stochasticity of erosion.
Chuan Yuan, Guangyao Gao, and Bojie Fu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 1421–1438, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1421-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-1421-2017, 2017
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We computed stemflow yield and efficiency, and analyzed the influential mechanism at smaller scales of leaf and raindrop. We found that precipitation was the most influential meteorological feature on stemflow. The smaller threshold precipitation to start stemflow and the more beneficial leaf traits might partly explain the larger and more efficient stemflow production. At defoliated period, the newly exposed stems replaced leaves to intercept raindrops and might really matter in stemflow yield.
N. Lu, J. Liski, R. Y. Chang, A. Akujärvi, X. Wu, T. T. Jin, Y. F. Wang, and B. J. Fu
Biogeosciences, 10, 7053–7063, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7053-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-7053-2013, 2013
J. Zhou, B. J. Fu, N. Lü, G. Y. Gao, Y. H. Lü, and S. Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-10083-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-10083-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
Y. D. Xu, B. J. Fu, and C. S. He
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2185–2193, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2185-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2185-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Catchment hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
Flexible vector-based spatial configurations in land models
Two-stage variational mode decomposition and support vector regression for streamflow forecasting
Predicting probabilities of streamflow intermittency across a temperate mesoscale catchment
Importance of the informative content in the study area when regionalising rainfall-runoff model parameters: the role of nested catchments and gauging station density
Which rainfall score is more informative about the performance in river discharge simulation? A comprehensive assessment on 1318 basins over Europe
Assimilation of Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) brightness temperature into a large-scale distributed conceptual hydrological model to improve soil moisture predictions: the Murray–Darling basin in Australia as a test case
Frequency and magnitude variability of Yalu River flooding: numerical analyses for the last 1000 years
Assessing the degree of detail of temperature-based snow routines for runoff modelling in mountainous areas in central Europe
Adaptive clustering: reducing the computational costs of distributed (hydrological) modelling by exploiting time-variable similarity among model elements
Climate elasticity of evapotranspiration shifts the water balance of Mediterranean climates during multi-year droughts
A history of TOPMODEL
Future streamflow regime changes in the United States: assessment using functional classification
The role and value of distributed precipitation data for hydrological models
Risks and opportunities for a Swiss hydroelectricity company in a changing climate
Survival of the Qaidam mega-lake system under mid-Pliocene climates and its restoration under future climates
Hydrological evaluation of open-access precipitation data using SWAT at multiple temporal and spatial scales
Understanding coastal wetland conditions and futures by closing their hydrologic balance: the case of the Gialova lagoon, Greece
Why does a conceptual hydrological model fail to correctly predict discharge changes in response to climate change?
Sensitivity of meteorological-forcing resolution on hydrologic variables
The era of Infiltration
Using altimetry observations combined with GRACE to select parameter sets of a hydrological model in a data-scarce region
Assessing the impact of seasonal-rainfall anomalies on catchment-scale water balance components
Progressive water deficits during multi-year droughts in central-south Chile
Crossing hydrological and geochemical modeling to understand the spatiotemporal variability of water chemistry in a headwater catchment (Strengbach, France)
Future shift in winter streamflow modulated by the internal variability of climate in southern Ontario
On the shape of forward transit time distributions in low-order catchments
Linking economic and social factors to peak flows in an agricultural watershed using socio-hydrologic modeling
Diagnosis of future changes in hydrology for a Canadian Rockies headwater basin
Should altitudinal gradients of temperature and precipitation inputs be inferred from key parameters in snow-hydrological models?
Evaluation of the ERA5 reanalysis as a potential reference dataset for hydrological modelling over North America
Flood hazard and change impact assessments may profit from rethinking model calibration strategies
Multistep-ahead daily inflow forecasting using the ERA-Interim reanalysis data set based on gradient-boosting regression trees
Behind the scenes of streamflow model performance
Quantifying the impacts of human water use and climate variations on recent drying of Lake Urmia basin: the value of different sets of spaceborne and in situ data for calibrating a global hydrological model
Surface water and groundwater: unifying conceptualization and quantification of the two “water worlds”
Intra-catchment variability of surface saturation – insights from physically based simulations in comparison with biweekly thermal infrared image observations
Reconstructing the 2015 Salgar flash flood using radar retrievals and a conceptual modeling framework in an ungauged basin
Dynamics of hydrological-model parameters: mechanisms, problems and solutions
Understanding dominant controls on streamflow spatial variability to set up a semi-distributed hydrological model: the case study of the Thur catchment
Hydrograph separation: an impartial parametrisation for an imperfect method
Evaporation from a large lowland reservoir – (dis)agreement between evaporation models from hourly to decadal timescales
Beyond binary baseflow separation: a delayed-flow index for multiple streamflow contributions
On the configuration and initialization of a large-scale hydrological land surface model to represent permafrost
On the representation of water reservoir storage and operations in large-scale hydrological models: implications on model parameterization and climate change impact assessments
A time-varying parameter estimation approach using split-sample calibration based on dynamic programming
A global Budyko model to partition evaporation into interception and transpiration
Are the effects of vegetation and soil changes as important as climate change impacts on hydrological processes?
Expansion and contraction of the flowing stream network alter hillslope flowpath lengths and the shape of the travel time distribution
A virtual hydrological framework for evaluation of stochastic rainfall models
Assessing the impacts of hydrologic and land use alterations on water temperature in the Farmington River basin in Connecticut
Shervan Gharari, Martyn P. Clark, Naoki Mizukami, Wouter J. M. Knoben, Jefferson S. Wong, and Alain Pietroniro
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5953–5971, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5953-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5953-2020, 2020
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This work explores the trade-off between the accuracy of the representation of geospatial data, such as land cover, soil type, and elevation zones, in a land (surface) model and its performance in the context of modeling. We used a vector-based setup instead of the commonly used grid-based setup to identify this trade-off. We also assessed the often neglected parameter uncertainty and its impact on the land model simulations.
Ganggang Zuo, Jungang Luo, Ni Wang, Yani Lian, and Xinxin He
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5491–5518, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5491-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5491-2020, 2020
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A two-stage variational mode decomposition and support vector regression is designed to reduce the influence of boundary effects without removing or correcting boundary-affected decompositions. The proposed model significantly reduces the boundary effect consequences, saves modeling time and computation resources, barely overfits the calibration samples, and forecasts monthly runoff reasonably well compared to the benchmark models.
Nils Hinrich Kaplan, Theresa Blume, and Markus Weiler
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5453–5472, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5453-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5453-2020, 2020
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In recent decades the demand for detailed information of spatial and temporal dynamics of the stream network has grown in the fields of eco-hydrology and extreme flow prediction. We use temporal streamflow intermittency data obtained at various sites using innovative sensing technology as well as spatial predictors to predict and map probabilities of streamflow intermittency. This approach has the potential to provide intermittency maps for hydrological modelling and management practices.
Mattia Neri, Juraj Parajka, and Elena Toth
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 5149–5171, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5149-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-5149-2020, 2020
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One of the most informative ways to gain information on ungauged river sections is through the implementation of a rainfall-runoff model, exploiting the information collected in gauged catchments in the study area. This study analyses how the performances of different model regionalisation approaches are influenced by the informative content of the available regional data set, in order to identify the methods that are more suitable for the data availability in the region.
Stefania Camici, Christian Massari, Luca Ciabatta, Ivan Marchesini, and Luca Brocca
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4869–4885, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4869-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4869-2020, 2020
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The paper performs the most comprehensive European-scale evaluation to date of satellite rainfall products for river flow prediction. In doing so, how errors transfer from satellite-based rainfall products into flood simulation is investigated in depth and, for the first time, quantitative guidelines on the use of these products for hydrological applications are provided. This result can represent a keystone in the use of satellite rainfall products, especially in data-scarce regions.
Renaud Hostache, Dominik Rains, Kaniska Mallick, Marco Chini, Ramona Pelich, Hans Lievens, Fabrizio Fenicia, Giovanni Corato, Niko E. C. Verhoest, and Patrick Matgen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4793–4812, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4793-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4793-2020, 2020
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Our objective is to investigate how satellite microwave sensors, particularly Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS), may help to reduce errors and uncertainties in soil moisture simulations with a large-scale conceptual hydro-meteorological model. We assimilated a long time series of SMOS observations into a hydro-meteorological model and showed that this helps to improve model predictions. This work therefore contributes to the development of faster and more accurate drought prediction tools.
Hui Sheng, Xiaomei Xu, Jian Hua Gao, Albert J. Kettner, Yong Shi, Chengfeng Xue, Ya Ping Wang, and Shu Gao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4743–4761, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4743-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4743-2020, 2020
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This paper investigates the variability of past flooding by applying a numerical model coupled with historical records of regional climate and anthropogenic activity under the deficiency of observations. We conclude that trends in flooding frequency were predominantly modulated by the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events, which highlights the need for the implementation of effective river engineering measures to counteract increasing flood risks as a result of the future.
Marc Girons Lopez, Marc J. P. Vis, Michal Jenicek, Nena Griessinger, and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4441–4461, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4441-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4441-2020, 2020
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Snow processes are crucial for runoff in mountainous areas, but their complexity makes water management difficult. Temperature models are widely used as they are simple and do not require much data, but not much thought is usually given to which model to use, which may lead to bad predictions. We studied the impact of many model alternatives and found that a more complex model does not necessarily perform better. Finding which processes are most important in each area is a much better strategy.
Uwe Ehret, Rik van Pruijssen, Marina Bortoli, Ralf Loritz, Elnaz Azmi, and Erwin Zehe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4389–4411, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4389-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4389-2020, 2020
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In this paper we propose adaptive clustering as a new method for reducing the computational efforts of distributed modelling. It consists of identifying similar-acting model elements during the runtime, clustering them, running the model for just a few representatives per cluster, and mapping their results to the remaining model elements in the cluster. With the example of a hydrological model, we show that this saves considerable computation time, while largely maintaining the output quality.
Francesco Avanzi, Joseph Rungee, Tessa Maurer, Roger Bales, Qin Ma, Steven Glaser, and Martha Conklin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4317–4337, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4317-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4317-2020, 2020
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Multi-year droughts in Mediterranean climates often see a lower fraction of precipitation allocated to runoff compared to non-drought years. By comparing observed water-balance components with simulations by a hydrologic model (PRMS), we reinterpret these shifts as a hysteretic response of the water budget to climate elasticity of evapotranspiration. Our results point to a general improvement in hydrologic predictions across drought and recovery cycles by including this mechanism.
Keith J. Beven, Rob Lamb, Mike J. Kirkby, and Jim E. Freer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-409, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-409, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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The theory that forms the basis of Topmodel was first outlined by Mike Kirkby some 45 years ago. This paper recalls some of the early developments; the rejection of the first journal paper; the early days of digital terrain analysis; model calibration and validation; the various criticisms of the simplifying assumptions; the relaxation of those assumptions in the dynamic forms of Topmodel; and considers what we might do now with the benefit of hindsight.
Manuela I. Brunner, Lieke A. Melsen, Andrew J. Newman, Andrew W. Wood, and Martyn P. Clark
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3951–3966, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3951-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3951-2020, 2020
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Streamflow seasonality is changing and expected to further change under the influence of climate change. We here assess how annual streamflow hydrographs will change in future by using a newly developed classification scheme. Our comparison of future with current annual hydrograph classes shows that robust changes are expected only for currently melt-influenced regions in the Rocky Mountains. These upstream changes may require the adaptation of management strategies in downstream regions.
Ralf Loritz, Markus Hrachowitz, Malte Neuper, and Erwin Zehe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-393, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-393, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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This study investigates the role and value of distributed rainfall for the runoff generation of a mesoscale catchment. We compare the performance of different hydrological models at different periods and show that a distributed model driven by distributed rainfall yields only to improved performances during certain periods. We then step beyond this finding and develop a spatially adaptive model that is capable to dynamically adjust its spatial model structure in time.
Kirsti Hakala, Nans Addor, Thibault Gobbe, Johann Ruffieux, and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3815–3833, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3815-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3815-2020, 2020
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Under a changing climate, reliable information on future hydrological conditions is necessary to inform water resource management. Here, we collaborated with a hydropower company that selected streamflow and energy demand indices. Using these indices, we identified stakeholder needs and used this to tailor the production of our climate change impact projections. We show that opportunities and risks for a hydropower company depend on a range of factors beyond those covered by traditional studies.
Dieter Scherer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3835–3850, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3835-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3835-2020, 2020
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During the Pliocene, the Qaidam Basin on the Tibetan Plateau contained a mega-lake system. During the Pleistocene, it disappeared almost completely. Today, hyperarid climates prevail in the low-altitude parts of the basin. This study reveals that today's mean water balance of the Qaidam Basin is nearly zero and is positive during warmer, less dry years. The results explain how the mega-lake system could survive for a long time in the past and could eventually be restored in the future.
Jianzhuang Pang, Huilan Zhang, Quanxi Xu, Yujie Wang, Yunqi Wang, Ouyang Zhang, and Jiaxin Hao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3603–3626, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3603-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3603-2020, 2020
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As frequently used precipitation products, Gauge, CPC, and CHIRPS presented different behaviors in describing precipitation on different spatial and temporal scales, yet these dissimilarities could be concealed in hydrological modeling by parameter calibration and validation. Parameter adjustment in hydrologic modeling, however, would yield different water balance components and thus alter hydrologic mechanisms, demonstrating the complexity in physically describing natural hydrologic processes.
Stefano Manzoni, Giorgos Maneas, Anna Scaini, Basil E. Psiloglou, Georgia Destouni, and Steve W. Lyon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3557–3571, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3557-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3557-2020, 2020
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A modeling tool is developed to assess the vulnerability of coastal wetlands to climatic and water management changes. Applied to the case study of the Gialova lagoon (Greece), this tool highlights the reliance of the lagoon functionality on scarce freshwater sources already under high demand from agriculture. Climatic changes will likely increase lagoon salinity, despite efforts to improve water management.
Doris Duethmann, Günter Blöschl, and Juraj Parajka
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3493–3511, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3493-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3493-2020, 2020
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We investigate why a conceptual hydrological model failed to correctly predict observed discharge changes in response to increasing precipitation and air temperature in 156 Austrian catchments. Simulations indicate that poor model performance is related to two problems, namely a model structure that neglects changes in vegetation dynamics and inhomogeneities in precipitation data caused by changes in stations density with time. Other hypotheses did not improve simulated discharge changes.
Fadji Z. Maina, Erica R. Siirila-Woodburn, and Pouya Vahmani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3451–3474, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3451-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3451-2020, 2020
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Projecting the changes in water resources under a no-analog future climate requires integrated hydrologic models. However, these models are plagued by several sources of uncertainty. A hydrologic model was forced with various resolutions of meteorological forcing (0.5 to 40.5 km) to assess its sensitivity to these inputs. We show that most hydrologic variables reveal biases that are seasonally and spatially dependent, which can have serious implications for calibration and water management.
Keith Beven
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-308, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-308, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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Inspired by a quotation from Howard Cook in 1946, this paper traces the evolution of the infiltration theory of runoff from the work of Robert Horton and LeRoy Sherman in the 1930s to the early digital computer models of the 1970s and 1980s. Reconsideration of the perceptual model for many catchments, partly as a result of the greater appreciation of the contribution of subsurface flows to the hydrograph indicated by tracer studies, suggests a reconsideration of hydrological nomenclature.
Petra Hulsman, Hessel C. Winsemius, Claire I. Michailovsky, Hubert H. G. Savenije, and Markus Hrachowitz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3331–3359, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3331-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3331-2020, 2020
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In the absence of discharge data in ungauged basins, remotely sensed river water level data, i.e. altimetry, may provide valuable information to calibrate hydrological models. This study illustrated that for large rivers in data-scarce regions, river altimetry data from multiple locations combined with GRACE data have the potential to fill this gap when combined with estimates of the river geometry, thereby allowing a step towards more reliable hydrological modelling in data-scarce regions.
Paolo Nasta, Carolina Allocca, Roberto Deidda, and Nunzio Romano
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3211–3227, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3211-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3211-2020, 2020
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Rainfall seasonal anomalies in a Mediterranean climate are assessed by using two distinct approaches: a static approach based on the standardized precipitation index and a dynamic approach that identifies the rainy season by considering rainfall magnitude, timing, and duration. The impact of rainfall seasonality on catchment-scale water balance components is evaluated through scenario-based simulations of the Soil Water Assessment Tool in the upper Alento River catchment in southern Italy.
Camila Alvarez-Garreton, Juan Pablo Boisier, René Garreaud, Jan Seibert, and Marc Vis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-249, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-249, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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The megadrought experienced since 2010 in Chile has led to larger than expected water deficits, indicating an intensification in drought propagation. By analysing 124 catchments with varying snow/rainfall regimes, we show that such intensification is related to the hydrological memory of the catchments, and we identify the mechanisms associated to this memory. Under persistent dry conditions, snow-dominated catchments progressively generate less water, compared with their historical behaviour.
Julien Ackerer, Benjamin Jeannot, Frederick Delay, Sylvain Weill, Yann Lucas, Bertrand Fritz, Daniel Viville, and François Chabaux
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3111–3133, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3111-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3111-2020, 2020
Olivier Champagne, M. Altaf Arain, Martin Leduc, Paulin Coulibaly, and Shawn McKenzie
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3077–3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3077-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3077-2020, 2020
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Using 50 members of one regional climate model and a processed-based hydrological model applied in four river basins in southern Ontario, this work focused on the winter streamflow projection uncertainties for the first half of 21st century. The results show a January–February increase of streamflow for the 50 projections due to early snowmelt and a rainfall increase. The streamflow projections are also modulated by the change of pressure patterns advecting different air masses over the region.
Ingo Heidbüchel, Jie Yang, Andreas Musolff, Peter Troch, Ty Ferré, and Jan H. Fleckenstein
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2895–2920, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2895-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2895-2020, 2020
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With the help of a 3-D computer model we examined how long the water of different rain events stays inside small catchments before it is discharged and how the nature of this discharge is controlled by different catchment and climate properties. We found that one can only predict the discharge dynamics when taking into account a combination of catchment and climate properties (i.e., there was not one single most important predictor). Our results can help to manage water pollution events.
David Dziubanski, Kristie J. Franz, and William Gutowski
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2873–2894, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2873-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2873-2020, 2020
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We describe a socio-hydrologic model that couples an agent-based model (ABM) of human decision-making with a hydrologic model. We establish this model for a typical agricultural watershed in Iowa, USA, and simulate the evolution of large discharge events over a 47-year period under changing land use. Using this modeling approach, relationships between seemingly unrelated variables such as crop markets or crop yields and local peak flow trends are quantified.
Xing Fang and John W. Pomeroy
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2731–2754, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2731-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2731-2020, 2020
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High-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting model near-surface outputs from control and future periods were bias-corrected by downscaling outputs with respect to meteorological stations in Marmot Creek Research Basin, Canadian Rocky Mountains. A hydrological model simulation driven by the bias-corrected outputs showed declined seasonal peak snowpack, shorter snow-cover duration, higher evapotranspiration, and increased streamflow discharge in Marmot Creek for the warmer and wetter future.
Denis Ruelland
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2609–2632, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2609-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2609-2020, 2020
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Interpolation methods accounting for elevation dependency from scattered gauges result in inaccurate inputs for snow-hydrological models. Altitudinal gradients of temperature and precipitation can be successfully inferred using an inverse snow-hydrological modelling approach. This approach can significantly improve the simulation of snow cover and streamflow dynamics through more parsimonious parametrization.
Mostafa Tarek, François P. Brissette, and Richard Arsenault
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2527–2544, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2527-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2527-2020, 2020
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The ERA5 reanalysis dataset is characterized by its high spatial (0.25) and temporal (hourly) resolutions and has therefore a large potential to drive environmental models in regions where the network of stations is deficient. ERA5 performance is evaluated on 3138 North American catchments. Results indicate that for hydrological modelling, ERA5 precipitation and temperature are just as good as observation all over North America, with the exception of the eastern half of the US.
Manuela I. Brunner, Lieke A. Melsen, Andrew W. Wood, Oldrich Rakovec, Naoki Mizukami, Wouter J. M. Knoben, and Martyn P. Clark
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-192, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-192, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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Assessments of current, local and regional flood hazards and their future changes often involve the use of hydrologic models. A reliable model ideally reproduces both local flood characteristics and spatial aspects of flooding. In this paper we investigate how such characteristics are represented by hydrologic models. Our results show that both the modeling of local and spatial flood characteristics is challenging and suggest that the development of new evaluation metrics is necessary.
Shengli Liao, Zhanwei Liu, Benxi Liu, Chuntian Cheng, Xinfeng Jin, and Zhipeng Zhao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2343–2363, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2343-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2343-2020, 2020
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Inflow forecasting plays an essential role in reservoir management and operation. To improve the accuracy of multistep-ahead daily inflow forecasting, the paper develops a new hybrid inflow forecast framework using ERA-Interim data. We find that the framework significantly enhances the accuracy of inflow forecasting at lead times of 4–10 d compared with widely used and mature methods. This research provides a reference for operational inflow forecasting in remote regions.
Laurène J. E. Bouaziz, Guillaume Thirel, Tanja de Boer-Euser, Lieke A. Melsen, Joost Buitink, Claudia C. Brauer, Jan De Niel, Sotirios Moustakas, Patrick Willems, Benjamin Grelier, Gilles Drogue, Fabrizio Fenicia, Jiri Nossent, Fernando Pereira, Eric Sprokkereef, Jasper Stam, Benjamin J. Dewals, Albrecht H. Weerts, Hubert H. G. Savenije, and Markus Hrachowitz
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-176, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2020-176, 2020
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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We quantify the differences in internal states and fluxes of twelve process-based models with similar streamflow performance and assess their plausibility using remotely-sensed estimates of evaporation, snow cover, soil moisture and total storage anomalies. The dissimilarities in internal process representation imply that these models cannot all simultaneously be close to reality. Therefore, we invite modelers to evaluate their models using multiple variables and to rely on multi-model studies.
Seyed-Mohammad Hosseini-Moghari, Shahab Araghinejad, Mohammad J. Tourian, Kumars Ebrahimi, and Petra Döll
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1939–1956, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1939-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1939-2020, 2020
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This paper uses a multi-objective approach for calibrating the WGHM model to determine the role of human water use and climate variations in the recent loss of water storage in Lake Urmia basin, Iran. We found that even without human water use Lake Urmia would not have recovered from the significant loss of lake water volume caused by the drought year 2008.
Brian Berkowitz and Erwin Zehe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1831–1858, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1831-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1831-2020, 2020
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We present a
blueprintfor a unified modelling framework to quantify chemical transport in both surface water and groundwater systems. There has been extensive debate over recent decades, particularly in the surface water literature, about how to explain and account for long travel times of chemical species that are distinct from water flow (rainfall-runoff) travel times. We suggest a powerful modelling framework known to be robust and effective from the field of groundwater hydrology.
Barbara Glaser, Marta Antonelli, Luisa Hopp, and Julian Klaus
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1393–1413, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1393-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1393-2020, 2020
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The inundation of flood-prone areas can have crucial impacts on runoff generation and water quality. We investigate the variation of flooding in space and time along a small stream with long-term observations and numerical simulations. We demonstrate that the main reason for the flooding is the exfiltration of groundwater into local topographic depressions. However, only interplay with further influencing factors can explain all of the variability of the observed flooding patterns and dynamics.
Nicolás Velásquez, Carlos D. Hoyos, Jaime I. Vélez, and Esneider Zapata
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1367–1392, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1367-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1367-2020, 2020
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During 18 May 2015, a storm event produced a flash flood in the municipality of Salgar (northwestern Colombian Andes), resulting in more than 100 human casualties and significant economic losses. Here we present a modeled process reconstruction of what happened during this event. For this, we only use radar rainfall estimations and a digital elevation model. Results show that with scarce data there is an opportunity to obtain acceptable tools for risk management and decision making.
Tian Lan, Kairong Lin, Chong-Yu Xu, Xuezhi Tan, and Xiaohong Chen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1347–1366, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1347-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1347-2020, 2020
Marco Dal Molin, Mario Schirmer, Massimiliano Zappa, and Fabrizio Fenicia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1319–1345, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1319-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1319-2020, 2020
Antoine Pelletier and Vazken Andréassian
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1171–1187, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1171-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1171-2020, 2020
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There are many ways for water to join a river after a rainfall event, but they can be split into two categories: the quick ones that remain in the surface and the slow ones that use other trajectories. Thus, measured streamflow of a river can be split into two components: quickflow and baseflow. We present a new method to perform this separation, using only streamflow and rainfall data, which are generally broadly available. It is then used as an analysis tool of river dynamics over France.
Femke A. Jansen and Adriaan J. Teuling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1055–1072, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1055-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1055-2020, 2020
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We characterized the (dis)agreement between six evaporation methods from hourly to decadal timescales, focussing on the IJsselmeer region in the Netherlands. The projected changes in mean yearly water losses through evaporation between the years 2000 and 2100 range from 4 mm to 94 mm among the methods. We therefore stress that the choice of method is of great importance for water managers in their decision making.
Michael Stoelzle, Tobias Schuetz, Markus Weiler, Kerstin Stahl, and Lena M. Tallaksen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 849–867, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-849-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-849-2020, 2020
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During dry weather, different delayed sources of runoff (e.g. from groundwater, wetlands or snowmelt) modulate the magnitude and variability of streamflow. Hydrograph separation methods often do not distinguish these delayed contributions and mostly pool them into only two components (i.e. quickflow and baseflow). We propose a method that uncovers multiple components and demonstrates how they better reflect streamflow generation processes of different flow regimes.
Mohamed E. Elshamy, Daniel Princz, Gonzalo Sapriza-Azuri, Mohamed S. Abdelhamed, Al Pietroniro, Howard S. Wheater, and Saman Razavi
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 349–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-349-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-349-2020, 2020
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Permafrost is an important feature of cold-region hydrology and needs to be properly represented in hydrological and land surface models (H-LSMs), especially under the observed and expected climate warming trends. This study aims to devise a robust, yet computationally efficient, initialization and parameterization approach for permafrost. We used permafrost observations from three sites along the Mackenzie River valley spanning different permafrost classes to test the validity of the approach.
Thanh Duc Dang, A. F. M. Kamal Chowdhury, and Stefano Galelli
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 397–416, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-397-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-397-2020, 2020
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A common problem in catchment hydrology lies in the representation of dams in numerical models. Here, we contribute to the existing literature by showing that the representation of water reservoirs can largely impact the model parameters, a result attained by comparing the parameters of a model for the upper Mekong basin built with or without reservoirs. We show that a flawed parameter estimation affects the representation of key physical processes and the downstream applications of the model.
Xiaojing Zhang and Pan Liu
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-639, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2019-639, 2019
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
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Rainfall-runoff models are useful tools for streamflow simulation, however, efforts are needed to investigate how their parameters vary in response to climate changes and human activities. Thus, this study proposes a new method for estimating time-varying parameters, by considering both simulation accuracy and parameter continuity. The results show the proposed method is more effective for identifying temporal variations of parameters, and can simultaneously provide good streamflow simulation.
Ameneh Mianabadi, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits, Pooya Shirazi, Bijan Ghahraman, and Amin Alizadeh
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4983–5000, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4983-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4983-2019, 2019
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Evaporation is the biggest water consumer of the rainfall that falls on the land. Knowing its magnitude will help water resources to develop water use strategies. This study describes a model that can estimate the magnitude of evaporation on a global level. It does not use local information, only information from rainfall and vegetation patterns derived from satellites.
Kabir Rasouli, John W. Pomeroy, and Paul H. Whitfield
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4933–4954, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4933-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4933-2019, 2019
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The combined effects of changes in climate, vegetation, and soils on mountain hydrology were modeled in three mountain basins. In the Yukon, an insignificant increasing effect of vegetation change on snow was found to be important enough to offset the climate change effect. In the Canadian Rockies, a combined effect of soil and climate change on runoff became significant, whereas their individual effects were not significant. Only vegetation change decreased runoff in the basin in Idaho.
H. J. Ilja van Meerveld, James W. Kirchner, Marc J. P. Vis, Rick S. Assendelft, and Jan Seibert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4825–4834, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4825-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4825-2019, 2019
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Flowing stream networks extend and retract seasonally and in response to precipitation. This affects the distances and thus the time that it takes a water molecule to reach the flowing stream and the stream outlet. When the network is fully extended, the travel times are short, but when the network retracts, the travel times become longer and more uniform. These dynamics should be included when modeling solute or pollutant transport.
Bree Bennett, Mark Thyer, Michael Leonard, Martin Lambert, and Bryson Bates
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4783–4801, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4783-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4783-2019, 2019
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A new stochastic rainfall model evaluation framework is introduced, with three key features: (1) streamflow-based, to directly evaluate modelled streamflow performance, (2) virtual, to avoid confounding errors in hydrological models or data, and (3) targeted, to isolate errors according to specific sites/months. The framework identified the importance of rainfall in the
wetting-upmonths for providing reliable predictions of streamflow over the entire year despite their low flow volumes.
John R. Yearsley, Ning Sun, Marisa Baptiste, and Bart Nijssen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4491–4508, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4491-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4491-2019, 2019
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This study investigates the impact of dam-induced hydrologic alterations and modification of riparian buffers on stream temperatures and thermal habitat for aquatic species. We enhanced and applied a model system (DHSVM-RBM) that couples a distributed hydrologic model, DHSVM, with the distributed stream temperature model, RBM, in the Farmington River basin in the Connecticut River system, which includes varying types of watershed development (e.g., deforestation and reservoirs).
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We characterized drought by linking climate anomalies with the change in precipitation–runoff relationships in China's Loess Plateau, where drought is of major concern for revegetation. Multi-year drought causes a change in the precipitation–runoff relationship in this water limited area. The drought causing a decrease in runoff ratio is vital to ecosystem management. The revegetation in the Loess Plateau should live with the spatially varied drought.
We characterized drought by linking climate anomalies with the change in precipitation–runoff...
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