Articles | Volume 21, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3221-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3221-2017
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
30 Jun 2017
Research article |
| 30 Jun 2017
Slope–velocity equilibrium and evolution of surface roughness on a stony hillslope
Mark A. Nearing
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research
Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Viktor O. Polyakov
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research
Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Mary H. Nichols
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research
Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Mariano Hernandez
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research
Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
Li Li
School of Natural Resources and the
Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85705, USA
Ying Zhao
School of Natural Resources and the
Environment, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85705, USA
Gerardo Armendariz
USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Southwest Watershed Research
Center, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA
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Viktor Polyakov, Jeffry Stone, Chandra Holifield Collins, Mark A. Nearing, Ginger Paige, Jared Buono, and Rae-Landa Gomez-Pond
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 10, 19–26, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-19-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-10-19-2018, 2018
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2899–2910, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2899-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2899-2015, 2015
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We determined the main components of the water balance for an undisturbed cerrado.
Evapotranspiration ranged from 1.91 to 2.60mm per day for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Canopy interception ranged from 4 to 20% and stemflow values were approximately 1% of gross precipitation.
The average runoff coefficient was less than 1%, while cerrado deforestation has the potential to increase that amount up to 20-fold.
The water storage may be estimated by the difference between P and ET.
Viktor Polyakov, Jeffry Stone, Chandra Holifield Collins, Mark A. Nearing, Ginger Paige, Jared Buono, and Rae-Landa Gomez-Pond
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This paper presents the results of 272 rainfall simulation experiments conducted at 23 semiarid locations in Arizona and Nevada over a 10-year period. The scope of this data set combined with state of the art rainfall simulation equipment makes it particularly valuable to advance our understanding of basic hydrological and biological processes that drive soil erosion on arid rangelands.
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This paper documents that a shift from grassland to shrubland within the past few thousand years has caused erosion rates to increase more than 10-fold and drainage density to increase approximately 3-fold in areas of otherwise similar climate and geology at a study site in Arizona. We provide a mathematical model that predicts the observed drainage density under both grassland and shrubland conditions. In the model application we are able to tightly constrain every parameter.
S. Yin, Y. Xie, B. Liu, and M. A. Nearing
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We determined the main components of the water balance for an undisturbed cerrado.
Evapotranspiration ranged from 1.91 to 2.60mm per day for the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Canopy interception ranged from 4 to 20% and stemflow values were approximately 1% of gross precipitation.
The average runoff coefficient was less than 1%, while cerrado deforestation has the potential to increase that amount up to 20-fold.
The water storage may be estimated by the difference between P and ET.
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The influence of diurnal snowmelt and transpiration on hillslope throughflow and stream response
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Growth of a high-elevation large inland lake, associated with climate change and permafrost degradation in Tibet
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Samuel Schroers, Olivier Eiff, Axel Kleidon, Ulrike Scherer, Jan Wienhöfer, and Erwin Zehe
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Mirko Mälicke, Sibylle K. Hassler, Theresa Blume, Markus Weiler, and Erwin Zehe
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We could show that distributed soil moisture time series bear a considerable amount of information about dynamic changes in soil moisture. We developed a new method to describe spatial patterns and analyze their persistency. By combining uncertainty propagation with information theory, we were able to calculate the information content of spatial similarity with respect to measurement uncertainty. This does help to understand when and why the soil is drying in an organized manner.
Keith J. Beven
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The concept of time of concentration in the analysis of catchment responses dates back over 150 years. It is normally discussed in terms of the velocity of flow of a water particle from the furthest part of a catchment to the outlet. This is also the basis for the definition in the International Glossary of Hydrology, but this is in conflict with the way in which it is commonly used. This paper provides a clarification of the concept and its correct useage.
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Brett Woelber, Marco P. Maneta, Joel Harper, Kelsey G. Jencso, W. Payton Gardner, Andrew C. Wilcox, and Ignacio López-Moreno
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4295–4310, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4295-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4295-2018, 2018
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The hydrology of high-elevation headwaters in midlatitudes is typically dominated by snow processes, which are very sensitive to changes in energy inputs at the top of the snowpack. We present a data analyses that reveal how snowmelt and transpiration waves induced by the diurnal solar cycle generate water pressure fluctuations that propagate through the snowpack–hillslope–stream system. Changes in diurnal energy inputs alter these pressure cycles with potential ecohydrological consequences.
Aliakbar Nazari Samani, Qiuwen Chen, Shahram Khalighi, Robert James Wasson, and Mohammad Reza Rahdari
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3005–3012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3005-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3005-2016, 2016
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We hypothesized that land use had important effects on hydraulic threshold conditions for gully head cut initiation. We investigated the effects using an experimental plot. The results indicated that the use of a threshold value of τcr = 35 dyne cm−2 and ωu = 0.4 Cm S−1 in physically based soil erosion models is susceptible to high uncertainty when assessing gully erosion.
Stefan J. Kollet
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2801–2809, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2801-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2801-2016, 2016
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2333–2352, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2333-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2333-2016, 2016
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In arid areas, stream–aquifer water exchange essentially sustains the growth and subsistence of riparian ecosystem. To quantify this effect for intensity and range, a stream–riverbank scheme was incorporated into a state-of-the-art land model, and some runs were set up over Heihe River basin, northwestern China. The results show that the hydrology circle is significantly changed, and the ecological system is benefitted greatly by the river water lateral transfer within a 1 km range to the stream.
A. I. Gevaert, A. J. Teuling, R. Uijlenhoet, S. B. DeLong, T. E. Huxman, L. A. Pangle, D. D. Breshears, J. Chorover, J. D. Pelletier, S. R. Saleska, X. Zeng, and P. A. Troch
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U. Nachshon, A. Ireson, G. van der Kamp, S. R. Davies, and H. S. Wheater
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 447–458, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-447-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-447-2010, 2010
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Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 383–392, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-383-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-383-2010, 2010
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A. Ducharne
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J. E. Barrett, M. N. Gooseff, and C. Takacs-Vesbach
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2349–2358, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2349-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2349-2009, 2009
V. García-García, R. Gómez, M. R. Vidal-Abarca, and M. L. Suárez
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2359–2371, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2359-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2359-2009, 2009
M. Shamsudduha, R. E. Chandler, R. G. Taylor, and K. M. Ahmed
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2373–2385, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2373-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2373-2009, 2009
J. C. M. Andersson, A. J. B. Zehnder, G. P. W. Jewitt, and H. Yang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2329–2347, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2329-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2329-2009, 2009
S. Binet, L. Spadini, C. Bertrand, Y. Guglielmi, J. Mudry, and C. Scavia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2315–2327, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2315-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2315-2009, 2009
A. Bárdossy and G. G. S. Pegram
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2299–2314, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2299-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2299-2009, 2009
K. Dontsova, C. I. Steefel, S. Desilets, A. Thompson, and J. Chorover
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2273–2286, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2273-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2273-2009, 2009
D. Yamazaki, T. Oki, and S. Kanae
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2241–2251, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2241-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2241-2009, 2009
L. Rapp and K. Bishop
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 2191–2201, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2191-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-2191-2009, 2009
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Short summary
This study presents novel scientific understanding about the way that hillslope surfaces form when exposed to rainfall erosion, and the way those surfaces interact with and influence runoff velocities during rain events. The data show that hillslope surfaces form such that flow velocities are independent of slope gradient and dependent on flow rates alone. This result represents a shift in thinking about surface water runoff.
This study presents novel scientific understanding about the way that hillslope surfaces form...
