Articles | Volume 18, issue 10
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3855-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3855-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
01 Oct 2014
Research article |
| 01 Oct 2014
Hydroclimatic regimes: a distributed water-balance framework for hydrologic assessment, classification, and management
P. K. Weiskel
US Geological Survey, Northborough, MA 01532, USA
D. M. Wolock
US Geological Survey, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA
P. J. Zarriello
US Geological Survey, Northborough, MA 01532, USA
R. M. Vogel
US Geological Survey, Northborough, MA 01532, USA
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
S. B. Levin
US Geological Survey, Northborough, MA 01532, USA
R. M. Lent
US Geological Survey, Augusta, ME 04330, USA
Related authors
No articles found.
A. Sankarasubramanian, Dingbao Wang, Stacey Archfield, Meredith Reitz, Richard M. Vogel, Amirhossein Mazrooei, and Sudarshana Mukhopadhyay
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1975–1984, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1975-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1975-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The Budyko framework which relies on the supply and demand concept could be effectively adapted and extended to quantify the role of drivers – both changing climate and local human disturbances – in altering the land-surface response. This framework is extended with a few illustrative examples for quantifying the variability in land-surface fluxes for natural and human-altered watersheds. Potential for using observed and remotely sensed datasets in capturing this variability is also discussed.
Lei Ye, Lars S. Hanson, Pengqi Ding, Dingbao Wang, and Richard M. Vogel
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6519–6531, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6519-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6519-2018, 2018
Annalise G. Blum, Stacey A. Archfield, and Richard M. Vogel
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3093–3103, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3093-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3093-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Flow duration curves are ubiquitous in surface water hydrology for applications including water allocation and protection of ecosystem health. We identify three probability distributions that can provide a reasonable fit to daily streamflows across much of United States. These results help us understand of the behavior of daily streamflows and enhance our ability to predict streamflows at ungaged river locations.
Laura K. Read and Richard M. Vogel
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 915–925, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-915-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-16-915-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The research presented in this manuscript introduces the theory and methods from the hazard function analysis literature to address the probabilistic analysis of natural hazards whose magnitudes show evidence of increasing over time. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first research article to apply the extremely well-developed field of hazard function theory to the problem of nonstationary natural hazards.
R. M. Vogel, A. Rosner, and P. H. Kirshen
Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 1773–1778, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1773-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1773-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Global hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Theory development
Towards understanding the intrinsic variations of the Priestley-Taylor coefficient based on a theoretical derivation
A hydrologist's guide to open science
From mythology to science: the development of scientific hydrological concepts in Greek antiquity and its relevance to modern hydrology
Comment on: “A review of the complementary principle of evaporation: from the original linear relationship to generalized nonlinear functions” by Han and Tian (2020)
Global distribution of hydrologic controls on forest growth
Inter-annual variability of the global terrestrial water cycle
Using R in hydrology: a review of recent developments and future directions
Multivariate stochastic bias corrections with optimal transport
A simple tool for refining GCM water availability projections, applied to Chinese catchments
Necessary storage as a signature of discharge variability: towards global maps
Should seasonal rainfall forecasts be used for flood preparedness?
Hydroclimatic variability and predictability: a survey of recent research
HESS Opinions: A planetary boundary on freshwater use is misleading
Controls on hydrologic drought duration in near-natural streamflow in Europe and the USA
Drought in a human-modified world: reframing drought definitions, understanding, and analysis approaches
Action-based flood forecasting for triggering humanitarian action
Improving together: better science writing through peer learning
A two-parameter Budyko function to represent conditions under which evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation
Hydrological recurrence as a measure for large river basin classification and process understanding
Storm type effects on super Clausius–Clapeyron scaling of intense rainstorm properties with air temperature
Accounting for environmental flow requirements in global water assessments
HESS Opinions "A perspective on isotope versus non-isotope approaches to determine the contribution of transpiration to total evaporation"
Estimates of the climatological land surface energy and water balance derived from maximum convective power
A general framework for understanding the response of the water cycle to global warming over land and ocean
A physically based approach for the estimation of root-zone soil moisture from surface measurements
Globalization of agricultural pollution due to international trade
Data-driven scale extrapolation: estimating yearly discharge for a large region by small sub-basins
Hydrologic benchmarking of meteorological drought indices at interannual to climate change timescales: a case study over the Amazon and Mississippi river basins
A worldwide analysis of trends in water-balance evapotranspiration
Thermodynamic limits of hydrologic cycling within the Earth system: concepts, estimates and implications
Hydrological drought across the world: impact of climate and physical catchment structure
Global hydrobelts and hydroregions: improved reporting scale for water-related issues?
Evaluation of water-energy balance frameworks to predict the sensitivity of streamflow to climate change
Technical note: Towards a continuous classification of climate using bivariate colour mapping
Recycling of moisture in Europe: contribution of evaporation to variability in very wet and dry years
Ziwei Liu, Hanbo Yang, Changming Li, and Taihua Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-17, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2024-17, 2024
Revised manuscript accepted for HESS
Short summary
Short summary
The determination of the coefficient (α) in the PT equation is always on the empirical side. Here based on an atmospheric boundary layer model, we derived a physically clear expression to investigate the behavior of α. We pointed out that the temperature dominates changes in α and emphasized that the variation of α to temperature should be well considered for long-term hydrological predictions. Our works advance and promote the most classical models in the field.
Caitlyn A. Hall, Sheila M. Saia, Andrea L. Popp, Nilay Dogulu, Stanislaus J. Schymanski, Niels Drost, Tim van Emmerik, and Rolf Hut
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 647–664, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-647-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-647-2022, 2022
Short summary
Short summary
Impactful open, accessible, reusable, and reproducible hydrologic research practices are being embraced by individuals and the community, but taking the plunge can seem overwhelming. We present the Open Hydrology Principles and Practical Guide to help hydrologists move toward open science, research, and education. We discuss the benefits and how hydrologists can overcome common challenges. We encourage all hydrologists to join the open science community (https://open-hydrology.github.io).
Demetris Koutsoyiannis and Nikos Mamassis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2419–2444, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2419-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2419-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
This paper is the result of new research of ancient and early modern sources about the developments of the concept of the hydrological cycle and of hydrology in general. It shows that the flooding of the Nile was the first geophysical problem formulated in scientific terms in the cradle of natural philosophy and science in the 6th century BC. Aristotle was able to find the correct solution to the problem, which he tested through what it appears to be the first scientific expedition in history.
Richard D. Crago, Jozsef Szilagyi, and Russell Qualls
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 63–68, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-63-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-63-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
The sigmoid-shaped complementary relationship (CR) for regional evaporation proposed by Han and Tian (2018, 2020) is reconsidered in terms of (1) its ability to give reasonable evaporation results from sites worldwide, (2) evidence for the three-state evaporation process it posits, (3) the validity of the proof provided by Han and Tian (2018), and (4) the relevance of model studies that seem to support it. Arguments for the sigmoid shape deserve to be taken seriously but remain unconvincing.
Caspar T. J. Roebroek, Lieke A. Melsen, Anne J. Hoek van Dijke, Ying Fan, and Adriaan J. Teuling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 4625–4639, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4625-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-4625-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Vegetation is a principal component in the Earth system models that are used for weather, climate and other environmental predictions. Water is one of the main drivers of vegetation; however, the global distribution of how water influences vegetation is not well understood. This study looks at spatial patterns of photosynthesis and water sources (rain and groundwater) to obtain a first understanding of water access and limitations for the growth of global forests (proxy for natural vegetation).
Dongqin Yin and Michael L. Roderick
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 381–396, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-381-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-381-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
We focus on the initial analysis of inter-annual variability in the global terrestrial water cycle, which is key to understanding hydro-climate extremes. We find that (1) the partitioning of inter-annual variability is totally different with the mean state partitioning; (2) the magnitude of covariances can be large and negative, indicating the variability in the sinks can exceed variability in the source; and (3) the partitioning is relevant to the water storage capacity and snow/ice presence.
Louise J. Slater, Guillaume Thirel, Shaun Harrigan, Olivier Delaigue, Alexander Hurley, Abdou Khouakhi, Ilaria Prosdocimi, Claudia Vitolo, and Katie Smith
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 2939–2963, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2939-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2939-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
This paper explores the benefits and advantages of R's usage in hydrology. We provide an overview of a typical hydrological workflow based on reproducible principles and packages for retrieval of hydro-meteorological data, spatial analysis, hydrological modelling, statistics, and the design of static and dynamic visualizations and documents. We discuss some of the challenges that arise when using R in hydrology as well as a roadmap for R’s future within the discipline.
Yoann Robin, Mathieu Vrac, Philippe Naveau, and Pascal Yiou
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 773–786, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-773-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-773-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Bias correction methods are used to calibrate climate model outputs with respect to observations. In this article, a non-stationary, multivariate and stochastic bias correction method is developed based on optimal transport, accounting for inter-site and inter-variable correlations. Optimal transport allows us to construct a joint distribution that minimizes energy spent in bias correction. Our methodology is tested on precipitation and temperatures over 12 locations in southern France.
Joe M. Osborne and F. Hugo Lambert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 6043–6057, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6043-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-6043-2018, 2018
Short summary
Short summary
We want to estimate how much water will be available in a river basin (runoff) at the end of the 21st century. Climate models alone are considered unsuitable for this task due to biases in representing the present-day climate. We show that the output from these models can be corrected using a simple mathematical framework. This approach narrows the range of future runoff projections for the Yellow river in China by 34 %. It serves as a quick tool for updating projections from climate models.
Kuniyoshi Takeuchi and Muhammad Masood
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4495–4516, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4495-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4495-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
There are many global maps of hydrology and water resources, but none on necessary storage to smooth out discharge variability. This paper provides a methodology to create such a map, taking the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna basin as an example. Necessary storage is calculated by a new method, intensity–duration–frequency curves of flood and drought (FDC–DDC). Necessary storage serves as a signature of hydrological variability and its geographical distribution provides new insights for hydrology.
Erin Coughlan de Perez, Elisabeth Stephens, Konstantinos Bischiniotis, Maarten van Aalst, Bart van den Hurk, Simon Mason, Hannah Nissan, and Florian Pappenberger
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 4517–4524, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4517-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-4517-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Disaster managers would like to use seasonal forecasts to anticipate flooding months in advance. However, current seasonal forecasts give information on rainfall instead of flooding. Here, we find that the number of extreme events, rather than total rainfall, is most related to flooding in different regions of Africa. We recommend several forecast adjustments and research opportunities that would improve flood information at the seasonal timescale in different regions.
Randal D. Koster, Alan K. Betts, Paul A. Dirmeyer, Marc Bierkens, Katrina E. Bennett, Stephen J. Déry, Jason P. Evans, Rong Fu, Felipe Hernandez, L. Ruby Leung, Xu Liang, Muhammad Masood, Hubert Savenije, Guiling Wang, and Xing Yuan
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3777–3798, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3777-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3777-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
Large-scale hydrological variability can affect society in profound ways; floods and droughts, for example, often cause major damage and hardship. A recent gathering of hydrologists at a symposium to honor the career of Professor Eric Wood motivates the present survey of recent research on this variability. The surveyed literature and the illustrative examples provided in the paper show that research into hydrological variability continues to be strong, vibrant, and multifaceted.
Maik Heistermann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 3455–3461, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3455-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3455-2017, 2017
Short summary
Short summary
In 2009, the "planetary boundaries" were introduced. They consist of nine global control variables and corresponding "thresholds which, if crossed, could generate unacceptable environmental change". The idea has been very successful, but also controversial. This paper picks up the debate with regard to the boundary on "global freshwater use": it argues that such a boundary is based on mere speculation, and that any exercise of assigning actual numbers is arbitrary, premature, and misleading.
Erik Tijdeman, Sophie Bachmair, and Kerstin Stahl
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 4043–4059, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4043-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-4043-2016, 2016
Anne F. Van Loon, Kerstin Stahl, Giuliano Di Baldassarre, Julian Clark, Sally Rangecroft, Niko Wanders, Tom Gleeson, Albert I. J. M. Van Dijk, Lena M. Tallaksen, Jamie Hannaford, Remko Uijlenhoet, Adriaan J. Teuling, David M. Hannah, Justin Sheffield, Mark Svoboda, Boud Verbeiren, Thorsten Wagener, and Henny A. J. Van Lanen
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3631–3650, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3631-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3631-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
In the Anthropocene, drought cannot be viewed as a natural hazard independent of people. Drought can be alleviated or made worse by human activities and drought impacts are dependent on a myriad of factors. In this paper, we identify research gaps and suggest a framework that will allow us to adequately analyse and manage drought in the Anthropocene. We need to focus on attribution of drought to different drivers, linking drought to its impacts, and feedbacks between drought and society.
Erin Coughlan de Perez, Bart van den Hurk, Maarten K. van Aalst, Irene Amuron, Deus Bamanya, Tristan Hauser, Brenden Jongma, Ana Lopez, Simon Mason, Janot Mendler de Suarez, Florian Pappenberger, Alexandra Rueth, Elisabeth Stephens, Pablo Suarez, Jurjen Wagemaker, and Ervin Zsoter
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3549–3560, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3549-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3549-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Many flood disaster impacts could be avoided by preventative action; however, early action is not guaranteed. This article demonstrates the design of a new system of forecast-based financing, which automatically triggers action when a flood forecast arrives, before a potential disaster. We establish "action triggers" for northern Uganda based on a global flood forecasting system, verifying these forecasts and assessing the uncertainties inherent in setting a trigger in a data-scarce location.
Mathew A. Stiller-Reeve, Céline Heuzé, William T. Ball, Rachel H. White, Gabriele Messori, Karin van der Wiel, Iselin Medhaug, Annemarie H. Eckes, Amee O'Callaghan, Mike J. Newland, Sian R. Williams, Matthew Kasoar, Hella Elisa Wittmeier, and Valerie Kumer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2965–2973, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2965-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2965-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Scientific writing must improve and the key to long-term improvement of scientific writing lies with the early-career scientist (ECS). We introduce the ClimateSnack project, which aims to motivate ECSs to start writing groups around the world to improve their skills together. Writing groups offer many benefits but can be a challenge to keep going. Several ClimateSnack writing groups formed, and this paper examines why some of the groups flourished and others dissolved.
Peter Greve, Lukas Gudmundsson, Boris Orlowsky, and Sonia I. Seneviratne
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2195–2205, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2195-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2195-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
The widely used Budyko framework is by definition limited to steady-state conditions. In this study we analytically derive a new, two-parameter formulation of the Budyko framework that represents conditions under which evapotranspiration exceeds precipitation. This is technically achieved by rotating the water supply limit within the Budyko space. The new formulation is shown to be capable to represent first-order seasonal dynamics within the hydroclimatological system.
R. Fernandez and T. Sayama
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 1919–1942, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1919-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1919-2015, 2015
P. Molnar, S. Fatichi, L. Gaál, J. Szolgay, and P. Burlando
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 1753–1766, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1753-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1753-2015, 2015
Short summary
Short summary
We present an empirical study of the rates of increase in precipitation intensity with air temperature using high-resolution 10 min precipitation records in Switzerland. We estimated the scaling rates for lightning (convective) and non-lightning event subsets and show that scaling rates are between 7 and 14%/C for convective rain and that mixing of storm types exaggerates the relations to air temperature. Doubled CC rates reported by other studies are an exception in our data set.
A. V. Pastor, F. Ludwig, H. Biemans, H. Hoff, and P. Kabat
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 5041–5059, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5041-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5041-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
Freshwater ecosystems encompass the most threatened species on earth. Environmental flow requirements need to be addressed globally to provide sufficient water for humans and nature. We present a comparison of five environmental flow methods validated with locally calculated EFRs. We showed that methods based on monthly average flow such as the variable monthly flow method are more reliable than methods based on annual thresholds. A range of EFRs was calculated for large river basins.
S. J. Sutanto, B. van den Hurk, P. A. Dirmeyer, S. I. Seneviratne, T. Röckmann, K. E. Trenberth, E. M. Blyth, J. Wenninger, and G. Hoffmann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2815–2827, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2815-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2815-2014, 2014
A. Kleidon, M. Renner, and P. Porada
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 2201–2218, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2201-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-2201-2014, 2014
M. L. Roderick, F. Sun, W. H. Lim, and G. D. Farquhar
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1575–1589, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1575-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1575-2014, 2014
S. Manfreda, L. Brocca, T. Moramarco, F. Melone, and J. Sheffield
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1199–1212, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1199-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1199-2014, 2014
C. O'Bannon, J. Carr, D. A. Seekell, and P. D'Odorico
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 503–510, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-503-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-503-2014, 2014
L. Gong
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 343–352, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-343-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-343-2014, 2014
E. Joetzjer, H. Douville, C. Delire, P. Ciais, B. Decharme, and S. Tyteca
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4885–4895, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4885-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4885-2013, 2013
A. M. Ukkola and I. C. Prentice
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 4177–4187, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4177-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-4177-2013, 2013
A. Kleidon and M. Renner
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2873–2892, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2873-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2873-2013, 2013
H. A. J. Van Lanen, N. Wanders, L. M. Tallaksen, and A. F. Van Loon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1715–1732, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1715-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1715-2013, 2013
M. Meybeck, M. Kummu, and H. H. Dürr
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1093–1111, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1093-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1093-2013, 2013
M. Renner, R. Seppelt, and C. Bernhofer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 1419–1433, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1419-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-1419-2012, 2012
A. J. Teuling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 3071–3075, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3071-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-3071-2011, 2011
B. Bisselink and A. J. Dolman
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 13, 1685–1697, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-1685-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-13-1685-2009, 2009
Cited articles
Alley, W., Reilly, T., and Franke, O.: Sustainability of ground-water resources, US Geol. Surv. Circular 1186, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA, 1999.
Basinger, M., Montalto, F., and Lall, U.: A rainwater harvesting system reliability model based on nonparametric stochastic rainfall generator, J. Hydrol., 392, 105–118, 2010.
Bras, R.: Hydrology, Addison-Wesley, New York, 1989.
Brinson, M. M.: A hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands, Wetlands Research Program Tech. Rep. WRP-DE-4, US Army Corps of Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, MS, USA, 1993.
Brown, C. and Lall, U.: Water and economic development: The role of variability and a framework for resilience, Nat. Resour. Forum, 30, 306–317, 2006.
Budyko, M.: Climate and Life, translated by D. H. Miller, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1974.
di Luzio, M., Johnson, G., Daly, C., Eischeid, J., and Arnold, J.: Constructing Retrospective Gridded Daily Precipitation and Temperature Datasets for the Conterminous United States, J. Appl. Meteorol. Clim., 47, 475–497, 2008.
Döll, P., Kaspar, F., and Lehner, B.: A global hydrological model for deriving water availability indicators: Model tuning and validation, J. Hydrol., 270, 105–134, 2003.
Döll, P., Müller Schmied, H., Schuh, C., Portmann, F., and Eicker, A.: Global-scale assessment of groundwater depletion and related groundwater abstractions: Combining hydrological modeling with information from well observations and GRACE satellites, Water Resour. Res., 50, 5698–5720, https://doi.org/10.1002/2014WR015595, 2014.
Falkenmark, M. and Chapman, T. (Eds).: Comparative hydrology: An ecological approach to land and water resources, United Nations Educational Social & Cultural Organization, Paris, p. 309, 1989.
Falkenmark, M. and Rockström, J.: Balancing water for humans and nature: The new approach in ecohydrology, Earthscan Publications, London, 2004.
Falkenmark, M. and Rockström, J.: The new blue and green water paradigm: Breaking new ground for water resources planning and management, J. Water Resour. Pl. Manage., 132, 129–132, 2006.
Falkenmark, M. and Rockström, J.: Building water resilience in the face of global change: From a blue-only to a green-blue water approach to land-water management, J. Water Resour. Pl. Manage., 136, 606–610, 2010.
Gebert, W., Graczyk, D., and Krug, W.: Annual average runoff in the United States, 1951–1980, US Geol. Survey Hydrol. Invest. Atlas HA-710, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 1987.
Gerten, D.: A vital link: water and vegetation in the Anthropocene, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 3841–3852, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-3841-2013, 2013.
Gleeson, T., Smith, L., Moosdorf, N., Hartmann, J., Dürr, J., Manning, A., van Beek, L., and Jellinek, A.: Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth, Geophys. Res. Lett., 38, L02401, https://doi.org/10.1029/2010GL045565, 2011.
Groeneveld, D., Huntington, J., and Barz, D.: Floating brine crusts, reduction of evaporation and possible replacement of fresh water to control dust from Owens Lake bed, California, J. Hydrol., 392, 211–218, 2010.
Hagemann, S., Chen, C., Clark, D. B., Folwell, S., Gosling, S. N., Haddeland, I., Hanasaki, N., Heinke, J., Ludwig, F., Voss, F., and Wiltshire, A. J.: Climate change impact on available water resources obtained using multiple global climate and hydrology models, Earth Syst. Dynam., 4, 129–144, https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-4-129-2013, 2013.
Hijmans, R., Cameron, S., Parra, J., Jones, P., and Jarvis, A.: Very high resolution interpolated climate surfaces for global land areas, Int. J. Climatol., 25, 1965–1978, 2005.
Hoekstra, A., Mekonnen, M., Chapagain, A., Mathews, R., and Richter, B.: Global Monthly Water Scarcity: Blue water footprints versus blue water availability, PLOS ONE, 7, e32688, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0032688, 2012.
Hoff, H., Falkenmark, M., Gerten, D., Gordon, L., Karlberg, L., and Rockström, J.: Greening the global water system, J. Hydrol., 384, 177–186, 2010.
Immerzeel, W., van Beek, L., and Bierkens, M.: Climate change will affect the Asian water towers, Science, 328, 1382–1385, 2010.
Karimi, P., Bastiaanssen, W. G. M., Molden, D., and Cheema, M. J. M.: Basin-wide water accounting based on remote sensing data: an application for the Indus Basin, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2473–2486, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2473-2013, 2013.
Lemoalle, J., Bader, J.-C., Leblanc, M., and Sedick, A.: Recent changes in Lake Chad: Observations, simulations and management options (1973–2011), Global Planet. Change, 80–81, 247–254, 2012.
Lent, R., Weiskel, P., Lyford, R., and Armstrong, D.: Hydrologic indices for non-tidal wetlands, Wetlands, 17, 19–28, 1997.
Lo, M.-H. and Famiglietti, J. S.: Irrigation in California's Central Valley strengthens the southwestern U.S. water cycle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 40, 301–306, https://doi.org/10.1002/grl.50108, 2013.
Martin, S. L, Soranno, P. A., Bremigan, M. T., and Cheruvelil, K. S.: Comparing hydrogeomorphic approaches to lake classification, Environ. Manage., 48, 957–974, 2011.
Matalas, N.: Comment on the announced death of stationarity, J. Water Resour. Pl. Manage., 138, 311–312, 2012.
McCabe, G. and Markstrom, S.: A monthly water-balance model driven by a graphical user interface, US Geol. Surv. Open-File Report 2007-1088, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 2007.
McDonnell, J. and Woods, R.: On the need for catchment classification, J. Hydrol., 299, 2–3, 2004.
McDonnell, J., Sivapalan, M., Vache, K., Dunn, S., Grant, G., Haggerty, R., Hinz, C., Hooper, R., Kirchner, J., Roderick, M., Selker, J., and Weiler, M.: Moving beyond heterogeneity and process complexity: A new vision for watershed hydrology, Water Resour. Res., 43, W07301, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005467, 2007.
METI/NASA.: Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) Global Digital Elevation Model Version 2 (GDEM V2; jointly released by the Japan Ministry of Economy, Trade, and Industry and the USA National Aeronautics and Space Adminstration (NASA), http://asterweb.jpl.nasa.gov/gdem.asp (last access: 16 September 2014), 2011.
Micklin, P.: The past, present, and future Aral Sea, Lake. Reserv. Res. Manage., 15, 193–213, 2010.
Milly, P., Dunne, K., and Vecchia, A.: Global pattern of trends in streamflow and water availability in a changing climate, Nature, 438, 347–350, 2005.
Milly, P., Betancourt, J., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R., Kundzewicz, Z., Lettenmaier, D., and Stouffer, R.: Stationarity is dead: Wither water management?, Science, 319, 573–574, https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1151915, 2008.
Müller Schmied, H., Eisner, S., Franz, D., Wattenbach, M., Portmann, F. T., Flörke, M., and Döll, P.: Sensitivity of simulated global-scale freshwater fluxes and storages to input data, hydrological model structure, human water use and calibration, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., 11, 1583–1649, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-1583-2014, 2014.
Nagler, P., Morino, K., Didan, K., Erker, J., Osterberg, J., Hultine, K., and Glenn, E.: Wide-area estimates of saltcedar (Tamarix spp.) evapotranspiration on the lower Colorado River measured by heat balance and remote sensing methods, Ecohydrolgy, 2, 18–33, 2009.
Nolan, J., Brakebill, J., Alexander, R., and Schwarz, G.: ERF1_2 – Enhanced River Reach File 2.0, US Geol. Surv. Open-File Report 02-40, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 2002.
Oki, T. and Kanae, S.: Global hydrological cycles and world water resources, Science, 313, 1068–1072, 2006.
Phalan, B., Onial, M., Balmford, A., and Green, R.: Reconciling food production and biodiversity conservation: Land sharing and land sparing compared, Science, 333, 1289–1291, 2011.
Poff, N., Allan, J., Bain, M., Karr, J., Prestegaard, K., Richter, B., Sparks, R., and Stromberg, J.: The natural flow regime: A paradigm for river conservation and restoration, Bioscience, 47, 769–784, 1997.
Reynolds, J., Smith, D., Lambin, E., Turner II, B., Mortimore, M., Batterbury, S., Downing, T., Dowlatabadi, H., Fernandez, R., Herrick, J., Huber-Sannwald, E., Jiang, H., Leemans, R., Lynam, T., Maestre, F., Ayarza, M., and Walker, B.: Global desertification: Building a science for dryland development, Science, 316, 847–851, 2007.
Rosner, A., Vogel, R., and Kirshen, P.: A risk-based approach to flood management decisions in a nonstationary world, Water Resour. Res., 50, 1928–1942, https://doi.org/10.1002/2013WR014561, 2014.
Röst, S., Gerten, D., Bondeau, A., Luncht, W., Rohwer, J., and Schaphoff, S.: Agricultural green and blue water consumption and its influence on the global water system, Water Resour. Res., 44, W09405, https://doi.org/10.1029/2007WR006331, 2008.
Sanford, W. and Selnick, D.: Estimation of evapotranspiration across the conterminous United States using a regression with climate and land-cover data, J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc., 49, 217–230, 2013.
Sankarasubramanian, A. and Vogel, R.: Hydroclimatology of the continental United States, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1363, https://doi.org/10.1029/2002GL015937, 2003.
Savenije, H. H. G., Hoekstra, A. Y., and van der Zaag, P.: Evolving water science in the Anthropocene, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 319–332, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-319-2014, 2014.
Sawicz, K., Wagener, T., Sivapalan, M., Troch, P. A., and Carrillo, G.: Catchment classification: empirical analysis of hydrologic similarity based on catchment function in the eastern USA, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 2895–2911, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-2895-2011, 2011.
Seaber, P. R., Kapinos, F. P., and Knapp, G. L.: Hydrologic Unit Maps [of the United States], US Geol. Survey Water-Supply Paper 2294, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, p. 63, 1987.
Thompson, S. E., Sivapalan, M., Harman, C. J., Srinivasan, V., Hipsey, M. R., Reed, P., Montanari, A., and Blöschl, G.: Developing predictive insight into changing water systems: use-inspired hydrologic science for the Anthropocene, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 5013–5039, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-5013-2013, 2013.
Thornthwaite, C.: An approach toward a rational classification of climate, Geogr. Rev., 38, 55–94, 1948.
Toth, E.: Catchment classification based on characterisation of streamflow and precipitation time series, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1149–1159, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1149-2013, 2013.
Tyler, S., Munoz, J., and Wood, W.: The response of playa and sabkha hydraulics and mineralogy to climate forcing, Ground Water, 44, 329–338, 2006.
UNEP – United Nations Environment Programme: World Atlas of Desertification, 2nd Edn., Edward Arnold, London, p. 182, 1997.
Vogel, R.: Hydromorphology, J. Water Resour. Pl. Manage., 137, 147–149, 2011.
Vogel, R., Wilson, I., and Daly, C.: Regional regression models of annual streamflow for the United States, J. Irrig. Drain. Eng.-ASCE, 125, 148–157, 1999.
Vörösmarty, C. and Sahagian, D.: Anthropogenic disturbance of the terrestrial water cycle, Bioscience, 50, 753–765, 2000.
Vörösmarty, C., Green, P., Salisbury, J., and Lammers, R.: Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289, 284–288, 2000.
Vörösmarty, C., Pahl-Wostl, C., Bunn, S., and Lawford, R.: Global water, the anthropocene, and the transformation of a science, Curr. Opin. Environ. Sustain., 5, 539–550, 2013.
Wagener, T., Sivapalan, M., Troch, P., and Woods, R.: Catchment classification and hydrologic similarity, Geogr. Compass, 1, 901–931, 2007.
Wagener, T., Sivapalan, M., and McGlynn, B.: Catchment classification and services – Toward a new paradigm for catchment hydrology driven by societal needs, Encyclopedia of Hydrological Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, London, 2008.
Weiskel, P., Vogel, R., Steeves, P., Zarriello, P., DeSimone, L., and Ries, K.: Water-use regimes: Characterizing direct human interaction with hydrologic systems, Water Resour. Res. 43, W04402, https://doi.org/10.1029/2006WR005062, 2007.
Winter, T.: The concept of hydrologic landscapes, J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc., 37, 335–349, 2001.
Wisser, D., Frolking, S., Douglas, E., Fekete, B., Schumann, A., Vörösmarty, C.: The significance of local water resources captured in small reservoirs for crop production: A global-scale analysis, J. Hydrol., 384, 264–275, 2010.
Wolock, D. M., Winter, T. C., and McMahon, G.: Delineation and evaluation of hydrologic-landscape regions in the United States using geographic information system tools and multivariate statistical analyses, Environ. Manage., 34, 571–588, 2004.
Zang, C. F., Liu, J., van der Velde, M., and Kraxner, F.: Assessment of spatial and temporal patterns of green and blue water flows under natural conditions in inland river basins in Northwest China, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 2859–2870, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-2859-2012, 2012.
Zarriello, P. and Ries, K.: A precipitation-runoff model for analysis of the effects of water withdrawals on streamflow, Ipswich River Basin, Massachusetts, US Geol. Surv. Water Resour. Invest. Report. 00-4029, US Geological Survey, Reston, VA, 2000.
