Articles | Volume 27, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-613-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-613-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
31 Jan 2023
Research article |
| 31 Jan 2023
| 31 Jan 2023
Groundwater flow paths drive longitudinal patterns of stream dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations in boreal landscapes
Anna Lupon
Integrative Freshwater Ecology Group, Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
Stefan Willem Ploum
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Jason Andrew Leach
Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Sault Ste. Marie, ON, Canada
Environment and Life Sciences Graduate Program, Trent University,
Peterborough, ON, Canada
Lenka Kuglerová
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
Hjalmar Laudon
Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden
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José L. J. Ledesma, Anna Lupon, Eugènia Martí, and Susana Bernal
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4209–4232, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4209-2022, 2022
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We studied a small stream located in a Mediterranean forest. Our goal was to understand how stream flow and the presence of riparian forests, which grow in flat banks near the stream, influence the availability of food for aquatic microorganisms. High flows were associated with higher amounts of food because rainfall episodes transfer it from the surrounding sources, particularly riparian forests, to the stream. Understanding how ecosystems work is essential to better manage natural resources.
Anna Lupon, José L. J. Ledesma, and Susana Bernal
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4033–4045, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4033-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4033-2018, 2018
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We used the PERSiST model to explore the role of riparian evapotranspiration (ET) in regulating streamflow in Mediterranean regions. Riparian ET was essential for understanding streamflow dynamics, especially in summer. Moreover, climate change simulations showed that the contribution of riparian ET to annual water budgets will increase in the future. We must include riparian zones in hydrological models in order to establish proper management strategies in water-limited regions.
Susana Bernal, Anna Lupon, Núria Catalán, Sara Castelar, and Eugènia Martí
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1897–1910, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, 2018
Sílvia Poblador, Anna Lupon, Santiago Sabaté, and Francesc Sabater
Biogeosciences, 14, 4195–4208, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4195-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4195-2017, 2017
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This study quantified, for the first time, simultaneous rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a Mediterranean riparian forest. Our results showed a strong linkage between riparian hydrology, soil microbial processes, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. High CO2 effluxes occurred all year long, while N2O emissions were generally low and confined to saturated soils. Overall, this study shows that riparian soils can be hotspots of GHG emissions within Mediterranean catchment.
Anna Lupon, Susana Bernal, Sílvia Poblador, Eugènia Martí, and Francesc Sabater
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3831–3842, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, 2016
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The influence of riparian evapotranspiration (ET) on stream hydrology and chemistry is poorly understood. We investigated temporal changes in riparian ET, stream discharge and nutrient chemistry along a Mediterranean catchment. Despite being a small component of annual water budgets (4.5 %), our results highlight that riparian ET drives stream and groundwater hydrology in Mediterranean catchments and, further, question the potential of the riparian zone as a natural filter of nitrogen loads.
Johannes Larson, William Lidberg, Anneli M. Ågren, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4837–4851, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4837-2022, 2022
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Terrain indices constitute a good candidate for modelling the spatial variation of soil moisture conditions in many landscapes. In this study, we evaluate nine terrain indices on varying DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds with validation using an extensive field soil moisture class inventory. We demonstrate the importance of field validation for selecting the appropriate DEM resolution and user-defined thresholds and that failing to do so can result in ambiguous and incorrect results.
José L. J. Ledesma, Anna Lupon, Eugènia Martí, and Susana Bernal
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4209–4232, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4209-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4209-2022, 2022
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We studied a small stream located in a Mediterranean forest. Our goal was to understand how stream flow and the presence of riparian forests, which grow in flat banks near the stream, influence the availability of food for aquatic microorganisms. High flows were associated with higher amounts of food because rainfall episodes transfer it from the surrounding sources, particularly riparian forests, to the stream. Understanding how ecosystems work is essential to better manage natural resources.
Conrad Jackisch, Sibylle K. Hassler, Tobias L. Hohenbrink, Theresa Blume, Hjalmar Laudon, Hilary McMillan, Patricia Saco, and Loes van Schaik
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 5277–5285, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5277-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-5277-2021, 2021
Elin Jutebring Sterte, Fredrik Lidman, Emma Lindborg, Ylva Sjöberg, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 25, 2133–2158, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2133-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-2133-2021, 2021
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A numerical model was used to estimate annual and seasonal mean travel times across 14 long-term nested monitored catchments in the boreal region. The estimated travel times and young water fractions were consistent with observed variations of base cation concentration and stable water isotopes, δ18O. Soil type was the most important factor regulating the variation in mean travel times among sub-catchments, while the areal coverage of mires increased the young water fraction.
Nataliia Kozii, Kersti Haahti, Pantana Tor-ngern, Jinshu Chi, Eliza Maher Hasselquist, Hjalmar Laudon, Samuli Launiainen, Ram Oren, Matthias Peichl, Jörgen Wallerman, and Niles J. Hasselquist
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 2999–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-2999-2020, 2020
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The hydrologic cycle is one of the greatest natural processes on Earth and strongly influences both regional and global climate as well as ecosystem functioning. Results from this study clearly show the central role trees play in regulating the water cycle of boreal catchments, implying that forest management impacts on stand structure as well as climate change effects on tree growth are likely to have large cascading effects on the way water moves through boreal forested landscapes.
Stefan W. Ploum, Hjalmar Laudon, Andrés Peralta-Tapia, and Lenka Kuglerová
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 1709–1720, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1709-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1709-2020, 2020
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Near-stream areas, or riparian zones, are important for the health of streams and rivers. If these areas are disturbed by forestry or other anthropogenic activity, the water quality and all life in streams may be at risk. We examined which riparian areas are particularly sensitive. We found that only a few wet areas bring most of the rainwater from the landscape to the stream, and they have a unique water quality. In order to maintain healthy streams and rivers, these areas should be protected.
Aaron Smith, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Hjalmar Laudon, Marco Maneta, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 3319–3334, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3319-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-3319-2019, 2019
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We adapted and used a spatially distributed eco-hydrological model, EcH2O-iso, to temporally evaluate the influence of soil freeze–thaw dynamics on evaporation and transpiration fluxes in a northern Swedish catchment. We used multi-criterion calibration over multiple years and found an early-season influence of soil frost on transpiration water ages. This work provides a framework for quantifying the current and future interactions of soil water, evaporation, and transpiration.
Marcus Klaus, Erik Geibrink, Anders Jonsson, Ann-Kristin Bergström, David Bastviken, Hjalmar Laudon, Jonatan Klaminder, and Jan Karlsson
Biogeosciences, 15, 5575–5594, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5575-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-5575-2018, 2018
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Forest management is widely used to mitigate climate change. However, forest greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets neglect to consider that clear-cuts often release carbon and nitrogen into streams and lakes and may affect aquatic GHG emissions. Here, we show that such emissions remain unaffected by experimental boreal forest clear-cutting despite increased groundwater carbon dioxide and methane concentrations, highlighting that riparian zones or in-stream processes may have buffered clear-cut leachates.
Anna Lupon, José L. J. Ledesma, and Susana Bernal
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4033–4045, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4033-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4033-2018, 2018
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We used the PERSiST model to explore the role of riparian evapotranspiration (ET) in regulating streamflow in Mediterranean regions. Riparian ET was essential for understanding streamflow dynamics, especially in summer. Moreover, climate change simulations showed that the contribution of riparian ET to annual water budgets will increase in the future. We must include riparian zones in hydrological models in order to establish proper management strategies in water-limited regions.
Matthias Sprenger, Doerthe Tetzlaff, Jim Buttle, Hjalmar Laudon, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 3965–3981, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3965-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-3965-2018, 2018
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We estimated water ages in the upper critical zone with a soil physical model (SWIS) and found that the age of water stored in the soil, as well as of water leaving the soil via evaporation, transpiration, or recharge, was younger the higher soil water storage (inverse storage effect). Travel times of transpiration and evaporation were different. We conceptualized the subsurface into fast and slow flow domains and the water was usually half as young in the fast as in the slow flow domain.
Susana Bernal, Anna Lupon, Núria Catalán, Sara Castelar, and Eugènia Martí
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 1897–1910, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-1897-2018, 2018
Martin Berggren, Marcus Klaus, Balathandayuthabani Panneer Selvam, Lena Ström, Hjalmar Laudon, Mats Jansson, and Jan Karlsson
Biogeosciences, 15, 457–470, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-457-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-457-2018, 2018
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The quality of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), especially its color, is a defining feature of freshwater ecosystems. We found that colored DOC fractions are surprisingly resistant to natural degradation during water transit through many brown-water lakes. This is explained by the dominance of microbial processes that appear to selectively remove noncolored DOC. However, in lakes where sunlight degradation plays a relatively larger role, significant DOC bleaching occurs.
Fernando Jaramillo, Neil Cory, Berit Arheimer, Hjalmar Laudon, Ype van der Velde, Thomas B. Hasper, Claudia Teutschbein, and Johan Uddling
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 567–580, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-567-2018, 2018
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Which is the dominant effect on evapotranspiration in northern forests, an increase by recent forests expansion or a decrease by the water use response due to increasing CO2 concentrations? We determined the dominant effect during the period 1961–2012 in 65 Swedish basins. We used the Budyko framework to study the hydroclimatic movements in Budyko space. Our findings suggest that forest expansion is the dominant driver of long-term and large-scale evapotranspiration changes.
Pertti Ala-aho, Doerthe Tetzlaff, James P. McNamara, Hjalmar Laudon, and Chris Soulsby
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5089–5110, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5089-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5089-2017, 2017
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We used the Spatially Distributed Tracer-Aided Rainfall-Runoff model (STARR) to simulate streamflows, stable water isotope ratios, snowpack dynamics, and water ages in three snow-influenced experimental catchments with exceptionally long and rich datasets. Our simulations reproduced the hydrological observations in all three catchments, suggested contrasting stream water age distributions between catchments, and demonstrated the importance of snow isotope processes in tracer-aided modelling.
Sílvia Poblador, Anna Lupon, Santiago Sabaté, and Francesc Sabater
Biogeosciences, 14, 4195–4208, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4195-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-4195-2017, 2017
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This study quantified, for the first time, simultaneous rates of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from a Mediterranean riparian forest. Our results showed a strong linkage between riparian hydrology, soil microbial processes, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. High CO2 effluxes occurred all year long, while N2O emissions were generally low and confined to saturated soils. Overall, this study shows that riparian soils can be hotspots of GHG emissions within Mediterranean catchment.
Fredrik Lidman, Åsa Boily, Hjalmar Laudon, and Stephan J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 14, 3001–3014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-14-3001-2017, 2017
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The riparian zone is the narrow strip of land that lines a watercourse. This is the last soil that the groundwater is in contact with before it enters the stream and it therefore has a high impact on the water quality. In this paper we show that many elements occur in elevated concentrations in the peat-like riparian zone of boreal headwaters and that this also leads to elevated concentrations in the streams. Hence, understanding riparian soils is crucial for a sustainable management of streams.
Tobias Lindborg, Johan Rydberg, Mats Tröjbom, Sten Berglund, Emma Johansson, Anders Löfgren, Peter Saetre, Sara Nordén, Gustav Sohlenius, Eva Andersson, Johannes Petrone, Micke Borgiel, Ulrik Kautsky, and Hjalmar Laudon
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 8, 439–459, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-439-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-439-2016, 2016
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This paper presents a biogeochemical and ecological data set from the Kangerlussuaq region, western Greenland. The data set is used to conceptualize and model terrestrial and limnic ecosystems as well as the land–lake linkage. Both biotic and abiotic data is presented and will be used for biogeochemical mass-balance and transport calculations. The data set constitutes an important source in order to understand and describe accumulation and flow of matter within periglacial landscapes.
Anna Lupon, Susana Bernal, Sílvia Poblador, Eugènia Martí, and Francesc Sabater
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3831–3842, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3831-2016, 2016
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The influence of riparian evapotranspiration (ET) on stream hydrology and chemistry is poorly understood. We investigated temporal changes in riparian ET, stream discharge and nutrient chemistry along a Mediterranean catchment. Despite being a small component of annual water budgets (4.5 %), our results highlight that riparian ET drives stream and groundwater hydrology in Mediterranean catchments and, further, question the potential of the riparian zone as a natural filter of nitrogen loads.
Stephen Oni, Martyn Futter, Jose Ledesma, Claudia Teutschbein, Jim Buttle, and Hjalmar Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2811–2825, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2811-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2811-2016, 2016
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This paper presents an important framework to improve hydrologic projections in cold regions. Hydrologic modelling/projections are often based on model calibration to long-term data. Here we used dry and wet years as a proxy to quantify uncertainty in projecting hydrologic extremes. We showed that projections based on long-term data could underestimate runoff by up to 35% in boreal regions. We believe the hydrologic modelling community will benefit from new insights derived from this study.
J. Schelker, R. Sponseller, E. Ring, L. Högbom, S. Löfgren, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 13, 1–12, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-1-2016, 2016
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The scientific question that is addressed in this study is how forest disturbance affects organic and inorganic nitrogen export from a boreal landscape. The key findings are that the mobilization of inorganic nitrogen from the terrestrial environment to streams increased strongly as a response to harvesting, but the stream network removed a major fraction of this load before it reached the outlet, while organic nitrogen was not removed and transported downstream.
M. Haei and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-15763-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bgd-12-15763-2015, 2015
Revised manuscript not accepted
F. I. Leith, K. J. Dinsmore, M. B. Wallin, M. F. Billett, K. V. Heal, H. Laudon, M. G. Öquist, and K. Bishop
Biogeosciences, 12, 1881–1892, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1881-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-1881-2015, 2015
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Carbon dioxide transport between the terrestrial and aquatic systems was dominated by export from the near-stream riparian zone. Over the year, riparian export was highest during autumn storms and the spring snowmelt event. This resulted in high downstream export during these periods with vertical evasion from the stream surface accounting for 60% of the total stream water export, highlighting the importance of evasion to carbon export via the aquatic conduit.
H. Zarei, A. M. Akhondali, H. Mohammadzadeh, F. Radmanesh, and H. Laudon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3787-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-11-3787-2014, 2014
Manuscript not accepted for further review
A. M. Ågren, I. Buffam, D. M. Cooper, T. Tiwari, C. D. Evans, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 11, 1199–1213, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-11-1199-2014, 2014
E. Bosson, T. Lindborg, S. Berglund, L.-G. Gustafsson, J.-O. Selroos, H. Laudon, L. L. Claesson, and G. Destouni
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-9271-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hessd-10-9271-2013, 2013
Revised manuscript not accepted
J. L. J. Ledesma, T. Grabs, M. N. Futter, K. H. Bishop, H. Laudon, and S. J. Köhler
Biogeosciences, 10, 3849–3868, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-3849-2013, 2013
S. K. Oni, M. N. Futter, K. Bishop, S. J. Köhler, M. Ottosson-Löfvenius, and H. Laudon
Biogeosciences, 10, 2315–2330, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-10-2315-2013, 2013
Related subject area
Subject: Biogeochemical processes | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
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Bruce D. Dudley, Jing Yang, Ude Shankar, and Scott L. Graham
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 4933–4951, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4933-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4933-2022, 2022
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Stable isotope ratios (isotope values) of surface water reflect hydrological pathways, mixing processes, and atmospheric exchange within catchments. We used a water-balance-based mapping method, which represents patterns of surface flow and mixing, and added a regression-based correction step using catchment environmental characteristics to map water isotope ratios across all the rivers of New Zealand.
Hong-Yi Li, Zeli Tan, Hongbo Ma, Zhenduo Zhu, Guta Wakbulcho Abeshu, Senlin Zhu, Sagy Cohen, Tian Zhou, Donghui Xu, and L. Ruby Leung
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 26, 665–688, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-665-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-665-2022, 2022
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We introduce a new multi-process river sediment module for Earth system models. Application and validation over the contiguous US indicate a satisfactory model performance over large river systems, including those heavily regulated by reservoirs. This new sediment module enables future modeling of the transportation and transformation of carbon and nutrients carried by the fine sediment along the river–ocean continuum to close the global carbon and nutrient cycles.
Léonard Bernard-Jannin, Stéphane Binet, Sébastien Gogo, Fabien Leroy, Christian Défarge, Nevila Jozja, Renata Zocatelli, Laurent Perdereau, and Fatima Laggoun-Défarge
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 22, 4907–4920, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4907-2018, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-4907-2018, 2018
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Peatlands are a major stock of carbon that can be released as dissolved organic carbon (DOC), affecting carbon balance and downstream water quality. This study investigates the impact of peatland restoration on water balance and DOC exports using a simple modelling approach. The results suggest that the restoration can affect the water balance and the dynamics of DOC in the peatland. However, there is no major impact in the quantity of DOC released in a short-term period (3 years).
Kaishan Song, Ying Zhao, Zhidan Wen, Chong Fang, and Yingxin Shang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 21, 5127–5141, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5127-2017, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-5127-2017, 2017
T.-C. Lin, P.-J. L. Shaner, L.-J. Wang, Y.-T. Shih, C.-P. Wang, G.-H. Huang, and J.-C. Huang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 4493–4504, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4493-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-4493-2015, 2015
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We summarize our findings as follows: (1) the mountain watersheds are vulnerable to agriculture expansion; (2) proper spatial configuration of agricultural lands in mountain watersheds can mitigate the impact of agriculture on NO3- output by 70%; and (3) the reconstructed element fluxes for the watersheds indicate excessive leaching of N and P, and additional loss of N to the atmosphere via volatilization and denitrification, which likely resulted from excessive fertilizer use.
J. R. Etheridge, F. Birgand, M. R. Burchell II, A. Lepistö, K. Rankinen, and K. Granlund
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 1467–1473, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1467-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1467-2014, 2014
C. E. Oldham, D. E. Farrow, and S. Peiffer
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1133–1148, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1133-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1133-2013, 2013
J. Y. Tang and W. J. Riley
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 873–893, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-873-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-873-2013, 2013
S. H. Wu and P.-E. Jansson
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 735–749, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-735-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-735-2013, 2013
D. Houle, P. Lamoureux, N. Bélanger, M. Bouchard, C. Gagnon, S. Couture, and A. Bouffard
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 16, 685–697, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-685-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-16-685-2012, 2012
G. F. Zhu, X. Li, Y. H. Su, and C. L. Huang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 419–431, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-419-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-419-2010, 2010
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Short summary
Discrete riparian inflow points (DRIPs) transport dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from large areas to discrete sections of streams, yet the mechanisms by which DRIPs affect stream DOC concentration, cycling, and export are still unknown. Here, we tested four models that account for different hydrologic and biological representations to show that DRIPs generally reduce DOC exports by either diluting stream DOC (snowmelt period) or promoting aquatic metabolism (summer).
Discrete riparian inflow points (DRIPs) transport dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from large...
