The impact of wind on the rainfall–runoff relationship in urban high-rise building areas

Gao, Xichao; Yang, Zhiyong; Han, Dawei; Gao, Kai; Zhu, Qian

doi:https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6023-2021

Articles | Volume 25, issue 11

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6023-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-6023-2021

© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 25, issue 11

Research article

|

24 Nov 2021

Research article |

| 24 Nov 2021

The impact of wind on the rainfall–runoff relationship in urban high-rise building areas

Xichao Gao, Zhiyong Yang, Dawei Han, Kai Gao, and Qian Zhu

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Final revised paper (published on 24 Nov 2021)
Preprint (discussion started on 09 Aug 2021)

Interactive discussion

Status: closed

CC1:
'Comment on hess-2021-412', Eunsaem Cho, 11 Aug 2021

Dear Editor Yue-Ping Xu,
My name is Eunsaem Cho, research professor from Korea University in South Korea.
I want to notice you that I already published the paper which is really similar with this pre-print paper.
I think the authors should read my paper and consider it as previous study.
See the attached file to check my paper.
Sincerely,

Eunsaem Cho

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-CC1
- AC1: 'Reply on CC1', Xichao Gao, 07 Sep 2021
  
  Dear Professor Eunsaem Cho,
  Thank you for you review. I am the first author of this manuscript. I have read your paper which was published in "Journal of hydrology", and you did a great job. But our manuscript was finished in the summer of 2020 and firstly submitted to "Water Resources research", when your work had not yet been published. Besides, our work has different focuses. For example, our work obtains the relationship between rainfall inclination and wind speed through CFD methods while your work obtains the rainfall intensity on building walls directly through an empirical equation; Our work focuses on the process of runoff generation and the impact of the permeability of different flow-producing surfaces while your work focuses on the runoff convergence and changes of flow path. And I will cite your paper as background support in the revised version. Thank you again.
  
  Best Regards,
  Xichao Gao
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-AC1
RC1:
'Comment on hess-2021-412', Anonymous Referee #1, 07 Sep 2021

Based on CFD simulation and laboratory experiment, this manuscript proposed a framework to evaluate the relation between wind and runoff of high-rise building. Both mathematical and experimental results are well prepared and in good comparison. The topic fits well to the scope of HESS journal, the results are unique and interesting. I recommend minor revision before potential publication in HESS and have the following concerns:

- How high are the buildings to be considered as high-rise?

- Runoff from walls may flow into pervious areas like grass land etc. around the building.

- It is concluded that rainfall with larger droplets is less influenced by the wind, while larger droplets also mean large amount of rain brought by wind, what is the balance here.

- It seems the area of building, or the ratio of building area to the whole area, is associated with the runoff coefficient calculation.

- Based on the results of this study, the impact of wind on runoff coefficient is not that significant, under which circumstance the influence could become more important.

- Figure 6 reveals that... Additional explanation of the differences of rainfall intensity is expected, and should these differences be modified for reaching consistent runoff results? although the intensity values are not used in the runoff coefficient calculation as in Figure 7.

- In Figure 10, diameter 1.5 mm does not match with the values in Table 1

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-RC1
- AC2: 'Reply on RC1', Xichao Gao, 11 Oct 2021
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2021-412/hess-2021-412-AC2-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-AC2
RC2:
'Comment on hess-2021-412', Anonymous Referee #2, 12 Sep 2021

General comments:

This paper discusses the development of an equation to describe the effects of wind on the rainfall-runoff process in areas with high rise buildings, developed using a CFD method and validated using scale model-based experiments. It appears to be well-structured and well-written, with referencing of relevant material and limitations clearly stated and accounted for where appropriate.

The paper appears to be appropriate for, and of interest to the readers of, HESS. I suggest below some changes that I believe are needed before publication, but most of these are fairly minor in nature. Please find some specific comments and technical comments below.

Specific comments:

Although this method appears to be novel, a recent work by Yoo et al. (2021) in the Journal of Hydrology, titled “Change of rainfall–runoff processes in urban areas due to high-rise buildings”, covers some of the same material. I think that it is vital to acknowledge this early on in the work (e.g. in the introduction) and explain how this paper is still novel. Some comparison of the results from the two studies would also be of interest, where the results are comparable (perhaps added in the discussion section).

Technical comments:

Line 17 (abstract): Main result 2 here does not mention the angle, although this is mentioned in the conclusions, so that it may be of interest to add here too.

Line 49: \varepsilon is shown here (and throughout the paper) instead of the symbol itself.

Line 191: I think “cube” should be “cuboid”, as not all sides are of equal length.

Lines 274 and 276 (Figure 4 and 5): The individual lines of the plots are hard to see here. Can the line width and/or plotting symbol size be reduced to make these plots clearer?

Lines 314 and 331 (Figures 8 and 9 captions): A bit more explanation is required here. For example what exactly do “Location x” and “Location y” mean? I think “x” means different things on different plots, but “y” is always along the vertical direction? It would be good to clarify this.

Line 348: “spatial” should be “spatially”.

Line 362 (Figure 13 caption): The caption states that the Figure shows uncertainty, but it does not look like this is what the plot shows. Can this be checked?

Line 370: I think there is a missing word after “impervious”.

Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-RC2
- AC3: 'Reply on RC2', Xichao Gao, 11 Oct 2021
  
  The comment was uploaded in the form of a supplement: https://hess.copernicus.org/preprints/hess-2021-412/hess-2021-412-AC3-supplement.pdf
  
  Citation: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-2021-412-AC3

Peer review completion

AR: Author's response | RR: Referee report | ED: Editor decision | EF: Editorial file upload

ED: Publish subject to minor revisions (further review by editor) (18 Oct 2021) by Yue-Ping Xu

AR by Xichao Gao on behalf of the Authors (18 Oct 2021) Author's response Author's tracked changes Manuscript

ED: Publish subject to technical corrections (27 Oct 2021) by Yue-Ping Xu

AR by Xichao Gao on behalf of the Authors (28 Oct 2021) Manuscript

Short summary

We proposed a theoretical framework and conducted a laboratory experiment to understand the relationship between wind and the rainfall–runoff process in urban high-rise building areas. The runoff coefficient (relating the amount of runoff to the amount of precipitation received) found in the theoretical framework was close to that found in the laboratory experiment.