Articles | Volume 19, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1487-2015
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-1487-2015
Research article
 | 
24 Mar 2015
Research article |  | 24 Mar 2015

Identifying water mass depletion in northern Iraq observed by GRACE

G. Mulder, T. N. Olsthoorn, D. A. M. A. Al-Manmi, E. J. O. Schrama, and E. H. Smidt

Related authors

Mass balance of the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets from 1992 to 2020
Inès N. Otosaka, Andrew Shepherd, Erik R. Ivins, Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel, Charles Amory, Michiel R. van den Broeke, Martin Horwath, Ian Joughin, Michalea D. King, Gerhard Krinner, Sophie Nowicki, Anthony J. Payne, Eric Rignot, Ted Scambos, Karen M. Simon, Benjamin E. Smith, Louise S. Sørensen, Isabella Velicogna, Pippa L. Whitehouse, Geruo A, Cécile Agosta, Andreas P. Ahlstrøm, Alejandro Blazquez, William Colgan, Marcus E. Engdahl, Xavier Fettweis, Rene Forsberg, Hubert Gallée, Alex Gardner, Lin Gilbert, Noel Gourmelen, Andreas Groh, Brian C. Gunter, Christopher Harig, Veit Helm, Shfaqat Abbas Khan, Christoph Kittel, Hannes Konrad, Peter L. Langen, Benoit S. Lecavalier, Chia-Chun Liang, Bryant D. Loomis, Malcolm McMillan, Daniele Melini, Sebastian H. Mernild, Ruth Mottram, Jeremie Mouginot, Johan Nilsson, Brice Noël, Mark E. Pattle, William R. Peltier, Nadege Pie, Mònica Roca, Ingo Sasgen, Himanshu V. Save, Ki-Weon Seo, Bernd Scheuchl, Ernst J. O. Schrama, Ludwig Schröder, Sebastian B. Simonsen, Thomas Slater, Giorgio Spada, Tyler C. Sutterley, Bramha Dutt Vishwakarma, Jan Melchior van Wessem, David Wiese, Wouter van der Wal, and Bert Wouters
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 15, 1597–1616, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1597-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-1597-2023, 2023
Short summary
Improved GRACE regional mass balance estimates of the Greenland ice sheet cross-validated with the input–output method
Zheng Xu, Ernst J. O. Schrama, Wouter van der Wal, Michiel van den Broeke, and Ellyn M. Enderlin
The Cryosphere, 10, 895–912, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-895-2016,https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-10-895-2016, 2016
Short summary

Related subject area

Subject: Catchment hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Modelling approaches
Projecting sediment export from two highly glacierized alpine catchments under climate change: exploring non-parametric regression as an analysis tool
Lena Katharina Schmidt, Till Francke, Peter Martin Grosse, and Axel Bronstert
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 139–161, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-139-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-139-2024, 2024
Short summary
A framework for parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis, and uncertainty analysis for holistic hydrologic modeling using SWAT+
Salam A. Abbas, Ryan T. Bailey, Jeremy T. White, Jeffrey G. Arnold, Michael J. White, Natalja Čerkasova, and Jungang Gao
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 21–48, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-21-2024,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-21-2024, 2024
Short summary
On understanding mountainous carbonate basins of the Mediterranean using parsimonious modeling solutions
Shima Azimi, Christian Massari, Giuseppe Formetta, Silvia Barbetta, Alberto Tazioli, Davide Fronzi, Sara Modanesi, Angelica Tarpanelli, and Riccardo Rigon
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4485–4503, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4485-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4485-2023, 2023
Short summary
Comparing quantile regression forest and mixture density long short-term memory models for probabilistic post-processing of satellite precipitation-driven streamflow simulations
Yuhang Zhang, Aizhong Ye, Bita Analui, Phu Nguyen, Soroosh Sorooshian, Kuolin Hsu, and Yuxuan Wang
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4529–4550, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4529-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4529-2023, 2023
Short summary
Recent ground thermo-hydrological changes in a southern Tibetan endorheic catchment and implications for lake level changes
Léo C. P. Martin, Sebastian Westermann, Michele Magni, Fanny Brun, Joel Fiddes, Yanbin Lei, Philip Kraaijenbrink, Tamara Mathys, Moritz Langer, Simon Allen, and Walter W. Immerzeel
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 27, 4409–4436, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4409-2023,https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-4409-2023, 2023
Short summary

Cited articles

Ali, M. H.: Transboundary waterways and streams along the Iraq-Iran border lines\ldots the reality and future, Tech. Rrep., Baghdad University, Baghdad, 2007.
Ali, S. S. and Stevanovic, Z.: Time Series Analysis of Saraw Springs - SE of Sulaimaniya, Iraqi Kurdistan Region, in: Advances in Research in Karst Media, edited by: Andreo, B., Carrasco, F., Durán, J. J., and LaMoreaux, J. W., 89–94, Springer, Leipzig, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12486-0, 2010.
Ali, S. S., Stevanovic, Z., and Al-Jabbari, M. H.: Auto and Cross Correlation Analysis of Bestansur spring- Sharazoor Plain Iraqi Kurdistan Region, in: Proceeding of 3rd scientific conference of the College of Science, University of Baghdad, 1941–1948, 2009a.
Ali, S. S., Stevanovic, Z., and Jemcov, I.: The Mechanism and Influence on Karstic Spring Flow – Sachinar Spring Case Example, Sulaimaniya, NE Iraq, Iraqi Bull. Geol. Mining, 5, 87–100, 2009b.
Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D., and Smith, M.: FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, Tech. Rep. 56, FAO, Rome, Italy, available at: http://www.fao.org/docrep/x0490e/x0490e00.htm (last access: 3 January 2015), 1998.
Download
Short summary
From 2007 to 2009, northern Iraq suffered a severe drought and GRACE satellite observations indicate a water loss of about 146mm equivalent water height (EWH) in the same period. To identify the main causes of this water loss, we developed a model based on geology, remote sensing and stream flow data. Our findings indicate that anthropogenic groundwater extraction has a minor influence in this region, while a decline in lake mass and natural depletion of groundwater play a key role.