Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 30, issue 7
Articles | Volume 30, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1969-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1969-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 7
Research article
 | 
13 Apr 2026
Research article |  | 13 Apr 2026

Diffuse sources of TFA: atmospheric and terrestrial inputs, retention and pathways at the catchment scale

Immanuel Frenzel, Dario Nöltge, Finnian Freeling, Michael Müller, and Jens Lange

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Short summary
We studied trifluoroacetate (TFA) in a German river catchment. TFA from rain was not permanently retained in soils or plants and can be mobilized  by heavy rain, meaning soils and plants may hold more TFA than rivers or rainfall indicate. In areas with precipitation input only, TFA served as a new tracer for determining actual evapotranspiration. The agricultural area showed higher TFA in surface and groundwater, suggesting that agriculture increases TFA pollution.
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