Articles | Volume 25, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-527-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-527-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A history of TOPMODEL
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
Mike J. Kirkby
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Jim E. Freer
University of Saskatchewan, Centre for Hydrology, Canmore, Canada
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
JBA Trust, Broughton, UK
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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- Combining catastrophe technique and regression analysis to deduce leading landscape patterns for regional flood vulnerability: A case study of Nanjing, China J. Xue et al. 10.3389/fevo.2022.1002231
- A Practical Algorithm for Correcting Topographical Effects on Global GPP Products X. Xie et al. 10.1029/2023JG007553
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- Cooling Effects Revealed by Modeling of Wetlands and Land‐Atmosphere Interactions Z. Zhang et al. 10.1029/2021WR030573
- Evaluation of Long-Term Radar-Derived Precipitation for Water Balance Estimates: A Case Study for Multiple Catchments in Saxony, Germany T. Luong et al. 10.3390/hydrology9110204
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- Gridded maps of wetlands dynamics over mid-low latitudes for 1980–2020 based on TOPMODEL Y. Xi et al. 10.1038/s41597-022-01460-w
- Climate Change Impacts on the Water Resources and Vegetation Dynamics of a Forested Sardinian Basin through a Distributed Ecohydrological Model S. Sirigu & N. Montaldo 10.3390/w14193078
- Characterizing the effect of scaling errors on the spatial downscaling of mountain vegetation gross primary productivity X. Xie & A. Li 10.1080/10095020.2023.2265149
- Temporal variability of saturated hydraulic conductivity on a typical black soil slope of northeast China X. Wu et al. 10.1016/j.catena.2023.107742
Latest update: 04 Nov 2024
Short summary
The theory that forms the basis of TOPMODEL was first outlined by Mike Kirkby some 45 years ago. This paper recalls some of the early developments: the rejection of the first journal paper, the early days of digital terrain analysis, model calibration and validation, the various criticisms of the simplifying assumptions, and the relaxation of those assumptions in the dynamic forms of TOPMODEL, and it considers what we might do now with the benefit of hindsight.
The theory that forms the basis of TOPMODEL was first outlined by Mike Kirkby some 45 years ago....
Special issue