Articles | Volume 25, issue 2
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-527-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-527-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
A history of TOPMODEL
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
Mike J. Kirkby
School of Geography, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
Jim E. Freer
University of Saskatchewan, Centre for Hydrology, Canmore, Canada
School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
JBA Trust, Broughton, UK
Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Latest update: 13 Dec 2024
Short summary
The theory that forms the basis of TOPMODEL was first outlined by Mike Kirkby some 45 years ago. This paper recalls some of the early developments: the rejection of the first journal paper, the early days of digital terrain analysis, model calibration and validation, the various criticisms of the simplifying assumptions, and the relaxation of those assumptions in the dynamic forms of TOPMODEL, and it considers what we might do now with the benefit of hindsight.
The theory that forms the basis of TOPMODEL was first outlined by Mike Kirkby some 45 years ago....
Special issue