Articles | Volume 25, issue 9
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4917-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4917-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
07 Sep 2021
Research article |
| 07 Sep 2021
| 07 Sep 2021
A 10 km North American precipitation and land-surface reanalysis based on the GEM atmospheric model
Nicolas Gasset
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Milena Dimitrijevic
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Marco Carrera
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Bernard Bilodeau
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Ryan Muncaster
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Étienne Gaborit
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Guy Roy
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Nedka Pentcheva
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Maxim Bulat
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Xihong Wang
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Radenko Pavlovic
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Franck Lespinas
Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Dikra Khedhaouiria
Meteorological Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Dorval, QC, Canada
Juliane Mai
Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
Viewed
Total article views: 7,726 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Mar 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4,895 | 2,728 | 103 | 7,726 | 95 | 72 |
- HTML: 4,895
- PDF: 2,728
- XML: 103
- Total: 7,726
- BibTeX: 95
- EndNote: 72
Total article views: 5,645 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 07 Sep 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,707 | 1,856 | 82 | 5,645 | 87 | 64 |
- HTML: 3,707
- PDF: 1,856
- XML: 82
- Total: 5,645
- BibTeX: 87
- EndNote: 64
Total article views: 2,081 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 09 Mar 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,188 | 872 | 21 | 2,081 | 8 | 8 |
- HTML: 1,188
- PDF: 872
- XML: 21
- Total: 2,081
- BibTeX: 8
- EndNote: 8
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 7,726 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 7,114 with geography defined
and 612 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 5,645 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 5,405 with geography defined
and 240 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 2,081 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 1,709 with geography defined
and 372 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
44 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Physically based cold regions river flood prediction in data‐sparse regions: The Yukon River Basin flow forecasting system M. Elshamy et al. 10.1111/jfr3.12835
- Human influence on the 2021 British Columbia floods N. Gillett et al. 10.1016/j.wace.2022.100441
- Climatological features of future MCSs over the Canadian Prairies using convection-permitting climate models Y. Hwang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106922
- Comparison of Gridding Methods for Precipitation Over Canada and Assessment of Station and Data Density Effects on Gridding Results K. Abbasnezhadi & X. Wang 10.1080/07055900.2024.2394829
- Spatiotemporal trends in temperature and precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971–2020 R. Nawaz et al. 10.1139/cjce-2023-0186
- A Quality Control System for Historical In Situ Precipitation Data V. Cheng et al. 10.1080/07055900.2024.2394836
- HOTSSea v1: a NEMO-based physical Hindcast of the Salish Sea (1980–2018) supporting ecosystem model development G. Oldford et al. 10.5194/gmd-18-211-2025
- Quantifying spatiotemporal and elevational precipitation gauge network uncertainty in the Canadian Rockies A. Bertoncini & J. Pomeroy 10.5194/hess-29-983-2025
- Implementing a parsimonious variable contributing area algorithm for the prairie pothole region in the HYPE modelling framework M. Ahmed et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105769
- Modelling spatial and temporal variability of water temperature across six rivers in Western Canada R. Shrestha & J. Pesklevits 10.1002/rra.4072
- A practitioner-oriented regional hydrology data product for use in site-specific hydraulic applications K. Shook et al. 10.1038/s41597-024-03962-1
- Challenges in Hydrologic‐Land Surface Modeling of Permafrost Signatures—A Canadian Perspective M. Abdelhamed et al. 10.1029/2022MS003013
- Reconstructed River Water Temperature Dataset for Western Canada 1980–2018 R. Shrestha & J. Pesklevits 10.3390/data8030048
- Forecasting High-Flow Discharges in a Flashy Catchment Using Multiple Precipitation Estimates as Predictors in Machine Learning Models A. Zanchetta et al. 10.3390/hydrology9120216
- An Upscaled Model of Fill‐And‐Spill Hydrological Response M. Taheri et al. 10.1029/2022WR033494
- On the need for physical constraints in deep learning rainfall–runoff projections under climate change: a sensitivity analysis to warming and shifts in potential evapotranspiration S. Wi & S. Steinschneider 10.5194/hess-28-479-2024
- Rising summer river water temperature across Canada: spatial patterns and hydroclimatic controls R. Shrestha et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad365f
- Ice Concentration Scaling Laws for Freshwater Lakes in Numerical Weather and Climate Prediction M. MacKay 10.1029/2023GL103713
- IMERG in the Canadian Precipitation Analysis (CaPA) System for Winter Applications S. Bélair et al. 10.3390/atmos15070763
- Long-term declines in atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition reduce critical loads exceedances at multiple Canadian rural sites, 2000–2018 I. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14631-2022
- Enhancing long short-term memory (LSTM)-based streamflow prediction with a spatially distributed approach Q. Yu et al. 10.5194/hess-28-2107-2024
- Performance Evaluation of High-resolution Reanalysis Datasets Over North-central British Columbia U. Goswami et al. 10.1080/07055900.2024.2308878
- Canadian climate data portals: A comparative analysis from a user perspective J. Lavoie et al. 10.1016/j.cliser.2024.100471
- Evaluation of a Multivariate Statistical Downscaling Method over Canada's Largest Pacific Basin S. Sobie et al. 10.1080/07055900.2025.2478829
- The Great Lakes Runoff Intercomparison Project Phase 4: the Great Lakes (GRIP-GL) J. Mai et al. 10.5194/hess-26-3537-2022
- Successive warm-wet and warm-dry events in the Great Lakes Basin: future projections using CMIP6 models M. RahimiMovaghar et al. 10.1007/s00382-024-07565-9
- Navigating Great Lakes Hydroclimate Data L. Fry et al. 10.3389/frwa.2022.803869
- Land surface hydrological modelling of the Mackenzie River Basin: Parametrization to simulate streamflow and permafrost dynamics M. Elshamy et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133134
- Canadian historical Snow Water Equivalent dataset (CanSWE, 1928–2020) V. Vionnet et al. 10.5194/essd-13-4603-2021
- Characteristics of the daytime and nighttime MCSs over the Canadian Prairies using an ERA5-forced convection-permitting climate model Y. Hwang & Y. Li 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106380
- A database of modeled gridded dry deposition velocities for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges across North America L. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.030
- Process based calibration of a continental-scale hydrological model using soil moisture and streamflow data A. Bajracharya et al. 10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101391
- Tropical Cyclones Across Global Basins: Dynamics, Tracking Algorithms, Forecasting, and Emerging Scientometric Research Trends V. Singh et al. 10.1002/met.70067
- The Impacts of Climate Change on Land Hydroclimatology of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin N. Shrestha et al. 10.3389/frwa.2022.801134
- Objective evaluation of the Global Environmental Multiscale Model (GEM) with precipitation and temperature for Iran M. Mohammadlou et al. 10.1111/nrm.12343
- Representativeness of the Precipitation Observing Network for Monitoring Precipitation Change and Variability in Canada H. Wan et al. 10.1080/07055900.2022.2144111
- Learning from hydrological models’ challenges: A case study from the Nelson basin model intercomparison project M. Ahmed et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129820
- Development of a daily coastal ocean model for Mississippi Sound and Bight M. Cambazoglu et al. 10.1007/s10236-024-01645-4
- A Streamlined Model-Based Strategy for Screening Wildfire Impact Scenarios Related to Peak Flood Flows: Hazard Prevention in Data-Limited Regions J. Romero-Cuellar et al. 10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6318
- Pooling local climate and donor gauges with deep learning for improved reconstructions of streamflow in ungauged and partially gauged basins S. Wi et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133764
- Hydrologic outputs generated over the Great Lakes with a calibrated version of the GEM-Hydro model É. Gaborit et al. 10.1038/s41597-025-04409-x
- An ensemble of bias-adjusted CMIP6 climate simulations based on a high-resolution North American reanalysis J. Lavoie et al. 10.1038/s41597-023-02855-z
- Modeling climate change effects on water balance, streamflow generation, and permafrost dynamics in the Nelson Churchill River Basin: a HYPE model approach A. Bajracharya et al. 10.1080/07011784.2025.2509226
- Estimation of the time of concentration of small watersheds located in Northeastern North America S. Bolduc et al. 10.1080/02626667.2024.2387155
41 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Physically based cold regions river flood prediction in data‐sparse regions: The Yukon River Basin flow forecasting system M. Elshamy et al. 10.1111/jfr3.12835
- Human influence on the 2021 British Columbia floods N. Gillett et al. 10.1016/j.wace.2022.100441
- Climatological features of future MCSs over the Canadian Prairies using convection-permitting climate models Y. Hwang et al. 10.1016/j.atmosres.2023.106922
- Comparison of Gridding Methods for Precipitation Over Canada and Assessment of Station and Data Density Effects on Gridding Results K. Abbasnezhadi & X. Wang 10.1080/07055900.2024.2394829
- Spatiotemporal trends in temperature and precipitation for Prince Edward Island over 1971–2020 R. Nawaz et al. 10.1139/cjce-2023-0186
- A Quality Control System for Historical In Situ Precipitation Data V. Cheng et al. 10.1080/07055900.2024.2394836
- HOTSSea v1: a NEMO-based physical Hindcast of the Salish Sea (1980–2018) supporting ecosystem model development G. Oldford et al. 10.5194/gmd-18-211-2025
- Quantifying spatiotemporal and elevational precipitation gauge network uncertainty in the Canadian Rockies A. Bertoncini & J. Pomeroy 10.5194/hess-29-983-2025
- Implementing a parsimonious variable contributing area algorithm for the prairie pothole region in the HYPE modelling framework M. Ahmed et al. 10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105769
- Modelling spatial and temporal variability of water temperature across six rivers in Western Canada R. Shrestha & J. Pesklevits 10.1002/rra.4072
- A practitioner-oriented regional hydrology data product for use in site-specific hydraulic applications K. Shook et al. 10.1038/s41597-024-03962-1
- Challenges in Hydrologic‐Land Surface Modeling of Permafrost Signatures—A Canadian Perspective M. Abdelhamed et al. 10.1029/2022MS003013
- Reconstructed River Water Temperature Dataset for Western Canada 1980–2018 R. Shrestha & J. Pesklevits 10.3390/data8030048
- Forecasting High-Flow Discharges in a Flashy Catchment Using Multiple Precipitation Estimates as Predictors in Machine Learning Models A. Zanchetta et al. 10.3390/hydrology9120216
- An Upscaled Model of Fill‐And‐Spill Hydrological Response M. Taheri et al. 10.1029/2022WR033494
- On the need for physical constraints in deep learning rainfall–runoff projections under climate change: a sensitivity analysis to warming and shifts in potential evapotranspiration S. Wi & S. Steinschneider 10.5194/hess-28-479-2024
- Rising summer river water temperature across Canada: spatial patterns and hydroclimatic controls R. Shrestha et al. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad365f
- Ice Concentration Scaling Laws for Freshwater Lakes in Numerical Weather and Climate Prediction M. MacKay 10.1029/2023GL103713
- IMERG in the Canadian Precipitation Analysis (CaPA) System for Winter Applications S. Bélair et al. 10.3390/atmos15070763
- Long-term declines in atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition reduce critical loads exceedances at multiple Canadian rural sites, 2000–2018 I. Cheng et al. 10.5194/acp-22-14631-2022
- Enhancing long short-term memory (LSTM)-based streamflow prediction with a spatially distributed approach Q. Yu et al. 10.5194/hess-28-2107-2024
- Performance Evaluation of High-resolution Reanalysis Datasets Over North-central British Columbia U. Goswami et al. 10.1080/07055900.2024.2308878
- Canadian climate data portals: A comparative analysis from a user perspective J. Lavoie et al. 10.1016/j.cliser.2024.100471
- Evaluation of a Multivariate Statistical Downscaling Method over Canada's Largest Pacific Basin S. Sobie et al. 10.1080/07055900.2025.2478829
- The Great Lakes Runoff Intercomparison Project Phase 4: the Great Lakes (GRIP-GL) J. Mai et al. 10.5194/hess-26-3537-2022
- Successive warm-wet and warm-dry events in the Great Lakes Basin: future projections using CMIP6 models M. RahimiMovaghar et al. 10.1007/s00382-024-07565-9
- Navigating Great Lakes Hydroclimate Data L. Fry et al. 10.3389/frwa.2022.803869
- Land surface hydrological modelling of the Mackenzie River Basin: Parametrization to simulate streamflow and permafrost dynamics M. Elshamy et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133134
- Canadian historical Snow Water Equivalent dataset (CanSWE, 1928–2020) V. Vionnet et al. 10.5194/essd-13-4603-2021
- Characteristics of the daytime and nighttime MCSs over the Canadian Prairies using an ERA5-forced convection-permitting climate model Y. Hwang & Y. Li 10.1016/j.atmosres.2022.106380
- A database of modeled gridded dry deposition velocities for 45 gaseous species and three particle size ranges across North America L. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jes.2022.05.030
- Process based calibration of a continental-scale hydrological model using soil moisture and streamflow data A. Bajracharya et al. 10.1016/j.ejrh.2023.101391
- Tropical Cyclones Across Global Basins: Dynamics, Tracking Algorithms, Forecasting, and Emerging Scientometric Research Trends V. Singh et al. 10.1002/met.70067
- The Impacts of Climate Change on Land Hydroclimatology of the Laurentian Great Lakes Basin N. Shrestha et al. 10.3389/frwa.2022.801134
- Objective evaluation of the Global Environmental Multiscale Model (GEM) with precipitation and temperature for Iran M. Mohammadlou et al. 10.1111/nrm.12343
- Representativeness of the Precipitation Observing Network for Monitoring Precipitation Change and Variability in Canada H. Wan et al. 10.1080/07055900.2022.2144111
- Learning from hydrological models’ challenges: A case study from the Nelson basin model intercomparison project M. Ahmed et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.129820
- Development of a daily coastal ocean model for Mississippi Sound and Bight M. Cambazoglu et al. 10.1007/s10236-024-01645-4
- A Streamlined Model-Based Strategy for Screening Wildfire Impact Scenarios Related to Peak Flood Flows: Hazard Prevention in Data-Limited Regions J. Romero-Cuellar et al. 10.1061/JHYEFF.HEENG-6318
- Pooling local climate and donor gauges with deep learning for improved reconstructions of streamflow in ungauged and partially gauged basins S. Wi et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133764
- Hydrologic outputs generated over the Great Lakes with a calibrated version of the GEM-Hydro model É. Gaborit et al. 10.1038/s41597-025-04409-x
3 citations as recorded by crossref.
- An ensemble of bias-adjusted CMIP6 climate simulations based on a high-resolution North American reanalysis J. Lavoie et al. 10.1038/s41597-023-02855-z
- Modeling climate change effects on water balance, streamflow generation, and permafrost dynamics in the Nelson Churchill River Basin: a HYPE model approach A. Bajracharya et al. 10.1080/07011784.2025.2509226
- Estimation of the time of concentration of small watersheds located in Northeastern North America S. Bolduc et al. 10.1080/02626667.2024.2387155
Latest update: 10 Jul 2025
Short summary
In this paper, we highlight the importance of including land-data assimilation as well as offline precipitation analysis components in a regional reanalysis system. We also document the performance of the first multidecadal 10 km reanalysis performed with the GEM atmospheric model that can be used for seamless land-surface and hydrological modelling in North America. It is of particular interest for transboundary basins, as existing datasets often show discontinuities at the border.
In this paper, we highlight the importance of including land-data assimilation as well as...
