Articles | Volume 23, issue 6
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2601-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2601-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
On the choice of calibration metrics for “high-flow” estimation using hydrologic models
National Center For Atmospheric Research, Research Application Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Oldrich Rakovec
UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Hydrosystems, Leipzig, Germany
Czech University of Life Sciences, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
Andrew J. Newman
National Center For Atmospheric Research, Research Application Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Martyn P. Clark
National Center For Atmospheric Research, Research Application Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
now at: Coldwater Laboratory, University of Saskatchewan, Canmore, Alberta, Canada
Andrew W. Wood
National Center For Atmospheric Research, Research Application Laboratory, Boulder, CO, USA
Hoshin V. Gupta
Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
Rohini Kumar
UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Hydrosystems, Leipzig, Germany
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167 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Technical Note: The divide and measure nonconformity – how metrics can mislead when we evaluate on different data partitions D. Klotz et al.
- New objective functions for streamflow calibrations to specific model applications H. Il Choi
- Variability in flow and tracer-based performance metric sensitivities reveal regional differences in dominant hydrological processes across the Athabasca River basin T. Holmes et al.
- Hydrological Model Calibration in Data-Scarce Mediterranean Catchments: A Comparative Assessment of Three Strategies A. Jahanshahi et al.
- Identifying sensitivities in flood frequency analyses using a stochastic hydrologic modeling system A. Newman et al.
- Friends don't let friends use Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) or KGE for hydrologic model accuracy evaluation: A rant with data and suggestions for better practice G. Williams
- Advancement of a Blended Hydrologic Model for Robust Model Performance R. Chlumsky et al.
- Toward Monitoring Short-Term Droughts Using a Novel Daily Scale, Standardized Antecedent Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index J. Li et al.
- Hydrological Whiplash: Highlighting the Need for Better Understanding and Quantification of Sub‐Seasonal Hydrological Extreme Transitions J. Hammond et al.
- Event-based training data thresholds for BiLSTM versus Xinanjiang models: Insights from the applications of 19 Chinese catchments Y. Li et al.
- How well do hydrological models simulate streamflow extremes and drought-to-flood transitions? E. Muñoz-Castro et al.
- A rational performance criterion for hydrological model D. Liu
- Predicting annual peak daily streamflow in natural basins using quantile regression forests K. Kim et al.
- The Role of Snowmelt Temporal Pattern in Flood Estimation for a Small Snow‐Dominated Basin in the Sierra Nevada H. Yan et al.
- Flood spatial coherence, triggers, and performance in hydrological simulations: large-sample evaluation of four streamflow-calibrated models M. Brunner et al.
- Evaluation of the hydrological utility of the GPM IMERG satellite precipitation products H. Meng & T. Zhao
- Physics-guided deep learning for rainfall-runoff modeling by considering extreme events and monotonic relationships K. Xie et al.
- Disparate Seasonal Nitrate Export From Nested Heterogeneous Subcatchments Revealed With StorAge Selection Functions T. Nguyen et al.
- A Data- and Knowledge-Driven Method for Fusing Satellite-Derived and Ground-Based Precipitation Observations F. Chen et al.
- Establishing performance criteria for evaluating watershed-scale sediment and nutrient models at fine temporal scales A. Pandit et al.
- Interpretable residual-informed hybrid physics-informed machine learning framework for runoff prediction in a typical karst basin in southwest China C. Mo et al.
- Streamflow simulation improvements enabled by a state‐of‐the‐art algorithm for reservoir routing in the U.S. National Water Model D. Li et al.
- Exploring an Alternative Configuration of the Hydroclimatic Modeling Chain, Based on the Notion of Asynchronous Objective Functions S. Ricard et al.
- Technical note: Inherent benchmark or not? Comparing Nash–Sutcliffe and Kling–Gupta efficiency scores W. Knoben et al.
- Ten strategies towards successful calibration of environmental models J. Mai
- Global Fully Distributed Parameter Regionalization Based on Observed Streamflow From 4,229 Headwater Catchments H. Beck et al.
- Guidance on large scale hydrologic model calibration with isotope tracers T. Holmes et al.
- Performance dependence of multi-model combination methods on hydrological model calibration strategy and ensemble size Y. Wan et al.
- Community Workflows to Advance Reproducibility in Hydrologic Modeling: Separating Model‐Agnostic and Model‐Specific Configuration Steps in Applications of Large‐Domain Hydrologic Models W. Knoben et al.
- Comparing calibration strategies of a conceptual snow hydrology model and their impact on model performance and parameter identifiability S. Nemri & C. Kinnard
- Exploring parameter (dis)agreement due to calibration metric selection in conceptual rainfall–runoff models E. Muñoz-Castro et al.
- Construction of a daily streamflow dataset for Peru using a similarity-based regionalization approach and a hybrid hydrological modeling framework H. Llauca et al.
- Calibration of hydrological models for ecologically relevant streamflow predictions: a trade-off between fitting well to data and estimating consistent parameter sets? T. Hallouin et al.
- When best is the enemy of good – critical evaluation of performance criteria in hydrological models G. Cinkus et al.
- CAMELS-Chem: augmenting CAMELS (Catchment Attributes and Meteorology for Large-sample Studies) with atmospheric and stream water chemistry data G. Sterle et al.
- Partitioning uncertainties of extreme flood estimates using long continuous simulations E. Kritidou et al.
- Can continuous simulation be used as an alternative for flood regionalisation? A large sample example from Chile P. Acuña & A. Pizarro
- Development of a Regional Gridded Runoff Dataset Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Networks G. Ayzel et al.
- Forcing uncertainty and salinity response to dredging in a tidal freshwater river R. Miller
- Multi-step regional rainfall-runoff modeling using pyramidal transformer H. Yin et al.
- Deep learning algorithms and their fuzzy extensions for streamflow prediction in climate change framework R. Vogeti et al.
- A process-driven deep learning hydrological model for daily rainfall-runoff simulation H. Li et al.
- Quality Assessment of Small Urban Catchments Stormwater Models: A New Approach Using Old Metrics L. David & T. Mota
- A time-varying distributed unit hydrograph method considering soil moisture B. Yi et al.
- Dual-Phase Calibration for Surface–Subsurface Hydrologic Models with Diverse Hydrologic Conditions S. Abbas et al.
- Frequency-based performance measure for hydrologic model evaluation R. Teegavarapu et al.
- Evaluating the contributions of climate change and human activities to runoff in typical semi-arid area, China L. Wu et al.
- An integrated approach to streamflow estimation and flood inundation mapping using VIC, RAPID and LISFLOOD-FP S. Nandi & M. Reddy
- Investigation of cross-entropy-based streamflow forecasting through an efficient interpretable automated search process K. Chong et al.
- A watershed-scale multi-approach assessment of design flood discharge estimates used in hydrologic risk analyses for forest road stream crossings and culverts S. Mukherjee et al.
- Using multi-event hydrologic and hydraulic signatures from water level sensors to diagnose locations of uncertainty in integrated urban drainage models used in living digital twins A. Pedersen et al.
- ‘Teflon Basin’ or Not? A High-Elevation Catchment Transit Time Modeling Approach J. Schmieder et al.
- Development of objective function-based ensemble model for streamflow forecasts Y. Lin et al.
- RR-Former: Rainfall-runoff modeling based on Transformer H. Yin et al.
- Calibration of ECMWF SEAS5 based streamflow forecast in Seasonal hydrological forecasting for Citarum river basin, West Java, Indonesia D. Ratri et al.
- Towards a generic model evaluation metric for non-normally distributed measurements in water quality and ecosystem models T. Fu & C. Zhang
- Leveraging River Network Topology and Regionalization to Expand SWOT-Derived River Discharge Time Series in the Mississippi River Basin C. Nickles & E. Beighley
- Harnessing multi-source hydro-meteorological data for high flows modelling in a partially glacierized Himalayan basin D. De Santis et al.
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Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 24 May 2026
Short summary
We find that Nash–Sutcliffe (NSE)-based model calibrations result in poor reproduction of high-flow events, such as the annual peak flows that are used for flood frequency estimation. The use of Kling–Gupta efficiency (KGE) results in annual peak flow estimates that are better than from NSE, with only a slight degradation in performance with respect to other related metrics.
We find that Nash–Sutcliffe (NSE)-based model calibrations result in poor reproduction of...