Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5297-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5297-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
Research article
 | 
20 Aug 2026
Research article |  | 20 Aug 2026

Lake Victoria to the Sudd Wetland: flood wave timing, connectivity and wetland buffering across the White Nile

Douglas Mulangwa, Evet Naturinda, Charles Koboji, Benon T. Zaake, Emily Black, Hannah Cloke, and Elisabeth M. Stephens

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Latest update: 20 Aug 2026
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Short summary

This study traced how water moved from Lake Victoria to the Sudd wetlands to explain the prolonged flooding in South Sudan between 2019 and 2024. Using satellite observations, rainfall records, and lake and river measurements, we found that water takes about 17 months to travel through the system, much longer than previously assumed 5 months. The results show that lakes and wetlands can store and slowly release water over several years, helping improve flood forecasting and early warning.

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