This manuscript provides a timely and well-structured analysis of how extreme snow droughts influenced glacier melt and streamflow in two Alpine catchments. Using outputs from the S3M Italy model and observational data, the authors quantify glacier contributions during the 2022–2023 events and identify four mechanisms driving their enhancement. The study is clearly written, methodologically sound, and supported by robust data, offering valuable insights into the compensatory role of glacier melt during concurrent heat and snow deficits. Nonetheless, several aspects require clarification and further improvement before publication.

1. Although S3M Italy has been validated for snow processes, the glacier-melt component has not undergone a rigorous uncertainty assessment. The authors are suggested to quantify model uncertainty by: Providing a sensitivity analysis for key parameters (e.g., degree-day factor, radiation coefficients), Discussing potential errors due to spatial resolution mismatch between model pixels and stake measurements.
2. The use of static glacier outlines (RGI v6.0) likely overestimates current glacierized area, especially during 2022–2023. The manuscript qualitatively acknowledges this, but a quantitative sensitivity test should be added to estimate its impact on meltwater contribution and streamflow ratios.
3. Both study basins are affected by hydropower operations. Although the authors argue that regulation effects are minor, this statement would benefit from more evidence. A short discussion on how reservoir storage timing may alter glacier-melt signals at weekly scales would strengthen the argument.
4. The four mechanisms (earlier onset, intensified contribution, earlier peak, prolonged season) are clearly described, but their physical interconnections remain underexplored. I recommend including a conceptual schematic illustrating the causal chain between snow drought, temperature anomalies, snow cover loss, and glacier melt timing.
5. To highlight the novelty of the results, the authors should discuss how these findings compare to similar studies in other Alpine or mountain regions. This would clarify whether the doubling/tripling of glacier contribution is typical or exceptional in a broader context.
6. The Discussion section would benefit from slight condensation to avoid repetition of results.
7. Please specify the spatial resolution and vertical accuracy of the DEM used for S3M Italy, and discuss its implications for high-elevation modeling accuracy.

Please see attached file.