Articles | Volume 30, issue 11
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3455-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3455-2026
Research article
 | 
05 Jun 2026
Research article |  | 05 Jun 2026

Cause-effect discovery in hydrometeorological systems: evaluation of causal discovery methods

Vivek Kumar Yadav, Murray C. Peel, Keirnan Fowler, Dongryeol Ryu, and Bramha Dutt Vishwakarma

Data sets

NASA/GSFC/HSL (2018), GLDAS Catchment Land Surface Model L4 daily 0.25 x 0.25 degree V2.0 B. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5067/LYHA9088MFWQ

Model code and software

lsmvivek/project_ci_eval: Release for Zenodo archive (hess-accepted-v1) Yadav Vivek Kumar https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20337850

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Short summary
Identifying drivers is crucial for process understanding and predictions. In Hydrometeorological systems, many variables are closely related, and common methods often rely on correlation. We describe theoretically distinct methods of discovering cause-effect relations from data. We evaluate them in a large simulated environment. Results show that finding cause-effect relations provides a parsimonious picture and to obtain robust predictions, especially under changing environmental conditions.
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