Articles | Volume 29, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1159-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1159-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Non-asymptotic distributions of water extremes: much ado about what?
Francesco Serinaldi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
Willis Research Network, 51 Lime St., London, EC3M 7DQ, UK
Federico Lombardo
Corpo Nazionale dei Vigili del Fuoco, Ministero dell'Interno, Piazza del Viminale, 1, Rome 00184, Italy
Chris G. Kilsby
School of Engineering, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
Willis Research Network, 51 Lime St., London, EC3M 7DQ, UK
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Subject: Global hydrology | Techniques and Approaches: Stochastic approaches
Assimilating ESA CCI land surface temperature into the ORCHIDEE land surface model: insights from a multi-site study across Europe
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Novel extensions to the Fisher copula to model flood spatial dependence over North America
Revisiting the global hydrological cycle: is it intensifying?
Detection and attribution of flood trends in Mediterranean basins
Examining the relationship between intermediate-scale soil moisture and terrestrial evaporation within a semi-arid grassland
How streamflow has changed across Australia since the 1950s: evidence from the network of hydrologic reference stations
Investigation of hydrological time series using copulas for detecting catchment characteristics and anthropogenic impacts
Towards observation-based gridded runoff estimates for Europe
Historical land-use-induced evapotranspiration changes estimated from present-day observations and reconstructed land-cover maps
Detection of global runoff changes: results from observations and CMIP5 experiments
Rainfall statistics changes in Sicily
Spatial variability and its scale dependency of observed and modeled soil moisture over different climate regions
How extreme is extreme? An assessment of daily rainfall distribution tails
Impact of climate change on the stream flow of the lower Brahmaputra: trends in high and low flows based on discharge-weighted ensemble modelling
Climate model bias correction and the role of timescales
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Luis-Enrique Olivera-Guerra, Catherine Ottlé, Nina Raoult, and Philippe Peylin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 29, 261–290, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-261-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-261-2025, 2025
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We assimilate the recent ESA-CCI land surface temperature (LST) product to optimize parameters of a land surface model (ORCHIDEE). We test different assimilation strategies to evaluate the best strategy over various in situ stations across Europe. We also provide advice on how to assimilate this LST product to better simulate LST and surface energy fluxes. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of this optimization, which is essential to better simulate future projections.
Payal R. Makhasana, Joseph A. Santanello, Patricia M. Lawston-Parker, and Joshua K. Roundy
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 5087–5106, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-5087-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-5087-2024, 2024
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This study examines how soil moisture impacts land–atmosphere interactions, crucial for understanding Earth's water and energy cycles. The study used two different soil moisture datasets from the SMAP satellite to measure how strongly soil moisture influences the atmosphere's ability to retain moisture (called coupling strength). Leveraging SMAP soil moisture data and integrating multiple atmospheric datasets, the study offers new insights into the dynamics of land–atmosphere coupling strength.
Duy Anh Alexandre, Chiranjib Chaudhuri, and Jasmin Gill-Fortin
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 28, 5069–5085, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-5069-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-5069-2024, 2024
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Estimating extreme river discharges at single stations is relatively simple. However, flooding is a spatial phenomenon as rivers are connected. We develop a statistical method to estimate extreme flows with global coverage, accounting for spatial dependence. Using our model, synthetic flood events are simulated with more information than the limited historical events. This event catalog can be used to produce spatially coherent flood depth maps for flood risk assessment.
Demetris Koutsoyiannis
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 24, 3899–3932, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3899-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3899-2020, 2020
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We overview and retrieve a great amount of global hydroclimatic data sets. We improve the quantification of the global hydrological cycle, its variability and its uncertainties through the surge of newly available data sets. We test (but do not confirm) established climatological hypotheses, according to which the hydrological cycle should be intensifying due to global warming. We outline a stochastic view of hydroclimate, which provides a reliable means of dealing with its variability.
Yves Tramblay, Louise Mimeau, Luc Neppel, Freddy Vinet, and Eric Sauquet
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 23, 4419–4431, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4419-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-4419-2019, 2019
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In the present study the flood trends have been assessed for a large sample of 171 basins located in southern France, which has a Mediterranean climate. Results show that, despite the increase in rainfall intensity previously observed in this area, there is no general increase in flood magnitude. Instead, a reduction in the annual number of floods is found, linked to a decrease in soil moisture caused by the increase in temperature observed in recent decades.
Raghavendra B. Jana, Ali Ershadi, and Matthew F. McCabe
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3987–4004, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3987-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3987-2016, 2016
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Interactions between soil moisture and terrestrial evaporation affect responses between land surface and the atmosphere across scales. We present an analysis of the link between soil moisture and evaporation estimates from three distinct models. The relationships were examined over nearly 2 years of observation data. Results show that while direct correlations of raw data were mostly not useful, the root-zone soil moisture and the modelled evaporation estimates reflect similar distributions.
Xiaoyong Sophie Zhang, Gnanathikkam E. Amirthanathan, Mohammed A. Bari, Richard M. Laugesen, Daehyok Shin, David M. Kent, Andrew M. MacDonald, Margot E. Turner, and Narendra K. Tuteja
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 3947–3965, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3947-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-3947-2016, 2016
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The hydrologic reference stations website (www.bom.gov.au/water/hrs/), developed by the Australia Bureau of Meteorology, is a one-stop portal to access long-term and high-quality streamflow information for 222 stations across Australia. This study investigated the streamflow variability and inferred trends in water availability for those stations. The results present a systematic analysis of recent hydrological changes in Australian rivers, which will aid water management decision making.
Takayuki Sugimoto, András Bárdossy, Geoffrey G. S. Pegram, and Johannes Cullmann
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 20, 2705–2720, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2705-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-20-2705-2016, 2016
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This paper is aims to detect the climate change impacts on the hydrological regime from the long-term discharge records. A new method for stochastic analysis using copulas, which has the advantage of scrutinizing the data independent of marginal, is suggested in this paper. Two measures are used in the copula domain: one focuses on the asymmetric characteristic of data and the other compares the distances between the copulas. These are calculated for 100 years of daily discharges and the results are discussed.
L. Gudmundsson and S. I. Seneviratne
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 19, 2859–2879, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2859-2015, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-2859-2015, 2015
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Water storages and fluxes on land are key variables in the Earth system. To provide context for local investigations and to understand phenomena that emerge at large spatial scales, information on continental freshwater dynamics is needed. This paper presents a methodology to estimate continental-scale runoff on a 0.5° spatial grid, which combines the advantages of in situ observations with the power of machine learning regression. The resulting runoff estimates compare well with observations.
J. P. Boisier, N. de Noblet-Ducoudré, and P. Ciais
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 18, 3571–3590, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3571-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-3571-2014, 2014
R. Alkama, L. Marchand, A. Ribes, and B. Decharme
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2967–2979, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2967-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2967-2013, 2013
E. Arnone, D. Pumo, F. Viola, L. V. Noto, and G. La Loggia
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 2449–2458, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2449-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-2449-2013, 2013
B. Li and M. Rodell
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 1177–1188, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1177-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-1177-2013, 2013
S. M. Papalexiou, D. Koutsoyiannis, and C. Makropoulos
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 17, 851–862, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-851-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-17-851-2013, 2013
A. K. Gain, W. W. Immerzeel, F. C. Sperna Weiland, and M. F. P. Bierkens
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1537–1545, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1537-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1537-2011, 2011
J. O. Haerter, S. Hagemann, C. Moseley, and C. Piani
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 15, 1065–1079, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1065-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1065-2011, 2011
K. Stahl, H. Hisdal, J. Hannaford, L. M. Tallaksen, H. A. J. van Lanen, E. Sauquet, S. Demuth, M. Fendekova, and J. JĂłdar
Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 14, 2367–2382, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2367-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-14-2367-2010, 2010
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Short summary
Non-asymptotic probability distributions of block maxima (BM) have been proposed as an alternative to asymptotic distributions from classic extreme-value theory. We show that the non-asymptotic models are unnecessary and redundant approximations of the corresponding parent distributions, which are readily available, are not affected by serial dependence, have simpler expression, and describe the probability of all quartiles of the process of interest and not only the probability of BM.
Non-asymptotic probability distributions of block maxima (BM) have been proposed as an...