Articles | Volume 28, issue 17
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4187-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4187-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
HESS Opinions: Never train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network on a single basin
Google Research, Vienna, Austria
Martin Gauch
Google Research, Zurich, Switzerland
Daniel Klotz
Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Leipzig, Germany
Grey Nearing
Google Research, Mountain View, California, USA
Viewed
Total article views: 12,182 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Jan 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9,574 | 2,448 | 160 | 12,182 | 189 | 182 |
- HTML: 9,574
- PDF: 2,448
- XML: 160
- Total: 12,182
- BibTeX: 189
- EndNote: 182
Total article views: 7,423 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 12 Sep 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6,124 | 1,223 | 76 | 7,423 | 134 | 135 |
- HTML: 6,124
- PDF: 1,223
- XML: 76
- Total: 7,423
- BibTeX: 134
- EndNote: 135
Total article views: 4,759 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 18 Jan 2024)
| HTML | XML | Total | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3,450 | 1,225 | 84 | 4,759 | 55 | 47 |
- HTML: 3,450
- PDF: 1,225
- XML: 84
- Total: 4,759
- BibTeX: 55
- EndNote: 47
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 12,182 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 11,673 with geography defined
and 509 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 7,423 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 7,226 with geography defined
and 197 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 4,759 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,447 with geography defined
and 312 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
94 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Machine Learning-Based Reconstructions of Historical Daily and Monthly Runoff for the Laurentian Great Lakes R. Gupta et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07000-0
- Bridging training–projection gaps in purely data-driven deep learning for runoff under climate change Y. Cen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135508
- Event-based training data thresholds for BiLSTM versus Xinanjiang models: Insights from the applications of 19 Chinese catchments Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103299
- Regional scale simulations of daily suspended sediment concentration at gauged and ungauged rivers using deep learning A. Gupta & D. Feng https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133111
- How much historical data do we need? The role of data recency and training period length in LSTM-based rainfall-runoff modeling Q. Yu & B. Tolson https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135046
- Predicting abnormality-guided multimodal linguistic semantics Arabic image captioning N. Aljojo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100706
- Machine learning in stream and river water temperature modeling: a review and metrics for evaluation C. Corona & T. Hogue https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2521-2025
- Characterizing the influence of remotely sensed wetland and lake water storage on discharge using LSTM models M. Vanderhoof et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2025.2593333
- An LSTM network for joint modeling of streamflow and hydropower generation for run-of-river plants T. Roksvåg et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134890
- A hybrid statistical-dynamical forecast of seasonal streamflow for a catchment in the Upper Columbia River basin in Canada T. Swift-LaPointe et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2025.1595898
- Better continental-scale streamflow predictions for Australia: LSTM as a land surface model post-processor and standalone hydrological model A. Shokri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-757-2026
- Challenges and opportunities of ML and explainable AI in large-sample hydrology L. Slater et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0287
- How well do process-based and data-driven hydrological models learn from limited discharge data? M. Staudinger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5005-2025
- From gauged to ungauged: Large-scale deep learning rainfall-runoff modelling for reliable streamflow estimation in India's diverse basins S. Barbhuiya & V. Gupta https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106696
- Unveiling the limits of deep learning models in hydrological extrapolation tasks S. Baste et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5871-2025
- An explainable physics-aware deep learning framework with improved spatiotemporal dependence matrices and signal decomposition for multi-station uncertainty daily runoff simulation W. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135625
- A python framework for differentiable hydrological modeling and research workflow automation W. Ouyang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106895
- Towards a global spatial machine learning model for seasonal groundwater level predictions in Germany S. Kunz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3405-2025
- HydroEcoLSTM: A Python package with graphical user interface for hydro-ecological modeling with long short-term memory neural network T. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.102994
- Technical note: High Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiencies conceal poor simulations of interannual variance in seasonal regimes S. Ruzzante et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2337-2026
- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hydrological Modeling for Streamflow Prediction in Ungauged Watersheds: A Review J. Gacu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17182722
- Pooling local climate and donor gauges with deep learning for improved reconstructions of streamflow in ungauged and partially gauged basins S. Wi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133764
- Monte-Carlo-assisted endo-exo temporal transformer for high-confidence interval forecasting of daily runoff X. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-026-03206-1
- A diversity-centric strategy for the selection of spatio-temporal training data for LSTM-based streamflow forecasting E. Snieder & U. Khan https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-785-2025
- Exploring the ability of LSTM-based hydrological models to simulate streamflow time series for flood frequency analysis J. Martel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4951-2025
- An explainable AI approach for interpreting regionally optimized deep neural networks in hydrological prediction F. Hosseini et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133689
- Learning to filter: snow data assimilation using a Long Short-Term Memory network G. Blandini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4759-2025
- Near-Real-Time Statistical Analysis and Visualization of Streamflow from a Deep-Learning Rainfall-Runoff Model T. Duong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-026-04602-6
- A differentiability-based processes and parameters learning hydrologic model for advancing runoff prediction and process understanding C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133594
- Time fractional Saint Venant equations reveal the physical basis of hydrograph retardation through model comparison and field data H. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23061-4
- Knowledge-guided graph machine learning for spatially distributed prediction of daily discharge and nitrogen export dynamics J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.125613
- Spatially resolved rainfall streamflow modeling in central Europe M. Vischer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5233-2025
- A runoff prediction method for arid regions integrating physics-guided signal extraction and temporally adaptive feature selection Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.103034
- Analyzing the generalization capabilities of a hybrid hydrological model for extrapolation to extreme events E. Acuña Espinoza et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1277-2025
- Analysis of Baseline and Novel Boosting Models for Flood-Prone Prediction and Explainability: Case from the Upper Drâa Basin (Morocco) L. Goumghar et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6030069
- Never Train a Deep Learning Model on a Single Well? Revisiting Training Strategies for Groundwater Level Prediction M. Ohmer & T. Liesch https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2373-2026
- A quantum-inspired attention integrated scalar long short-term memory model for accurate and stable groundwater contaminant source inversion L. Zhu & W. Lu https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14972-w
- Distilling hydrological and land-surface model parameters from physio-geographical properties using text-generating AI M. Feigl et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-026-00583-3
- IoT-enabled real-time health monitoring system for adolescent physical rehabilitation J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99838-4
- Evaluating Rainfall-Runoff Generation Mechanisms of Deep Learning Models Using a Process-Based Rainfall-Runoff Model T. Duong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-025-04231-5
- A spatiotemporally differentiated hybrid hydrological modeling strategy with dynamically adaptive runoff generation modes X. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135480
- Assessment of Potential Surface Runoff in Tulasi Watershed of Kolhapur Using NRSC-CN Method V. Pawar-Patil et al. https://doi.org/10.51847/Rd8ub5wo3G
- Is smart sampling worth it? Impact of training data selection on the performance of LSTMs in streamflow prediction B. Heudorfer & R. Loritz https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2026.119
- A nonstationary stochastic simulator for clustered regional hydroclimatic extremes to characterize compound flood risk A. Nayak et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2024.100189
- Regional vs local LSTM models for short-term streamflow forecasting under operational constraints J. Saavedra-Garrido et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106897
- Local vs regional neural air pollution forecasting models M. Sangiorgio & G. Guariso https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2025.100298
- HydroGRAF: Hybrid discharge reconstruction and basin-aware streamflow forecasting in the Himalayas A. Gul et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135479
- On the value of a history of hydrology and the establishment of a History of Hydrology Working Group K. Beven et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2025.2452357
- An interpretable machine learning approach for alkalinity reconstruction in the Mediterranean Sea T. Tonelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acags.2026.100345
- Deep learning for the probabilistic prediction of semi-continuous hydrological variables – An application to streamflow prediction across CONUS J. Quilty & M. Jahangir https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134986
- A novel hybrid fine-tuning method for supercharging deep learning model development for hydrological prediction M. Jahangir et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106978
- Empowering Regional Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Through Encoder–Decoder Based on Convolutional Neural Networks W. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030339
- Fine-tuning long short-term memory models for seamless transition in hydrological modelling: From pre-training to post-application X. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106350
- Defense and Security Mechanisms in the Internet of Things: A Review S. Szymoniak et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020499
- Riverine heatwaves are an emergent climate change risk A. van Hamel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-025-00541-5
- On generalization, language, interpretability and the future of geo-scientific machine learning H. Gupta https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106834
- Interpretable feature incorporation machine-learning framework for flood magnitude estimation E. Ford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2135-2026
- Overview of Modern Technologies for Acquiring and Analysing Acoustic Information Based on AI and IoT S. Szymoniak & Ł. Kuczyński https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126690
- Toward routing river water in land surface models with recurrent neural networks M. Lima et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3145-2025
- Deep learning for groundwater level simulation in unconfined aquifers across the contiguous United States: Analyzing simulations at multiple lead times and integrating groundwater signatures K. Boo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134949
- Catchment features-based interpretation of performance of the conceptual hydrological and deep learning models using large sample hydrologic data D. Sourya et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134270
- Artificial intelligence with earth observations provides continuous streamflow data across varying wildfire recurrence and recovery scenarios S. Uddin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106989
- Ensemble learning of catchment-wise optimized LSTMs enhances regional rainfall-runoff modelling − case Study: Basque Country, Spain F. Hosseini et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132269
- Differentiable parameter learning of reservoir operation modules Z. Chen & T. Zhao https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134915
- A differentiable, physics-based hydrological model and its evaluation for data-limited basins W. Ouyang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132471
- HESS Opinions: Never train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network on a single basin F. Kratzert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4187-2024
- Detection and attribution of eco-hydrological alteration based on deep learning-driven gap-filled runoff in a large-scale catchment Z. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102228
- Assessing the adequacy of traditional hydrological models for climate change impact studies: a case for long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks J. Martel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2811-2025
- Strategies for incorporating static features into global deep learning models T. Liesch & M. Ohmer https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1877-2026
- Learning extreme vegetation response to climate drivers with recurrent neural networks F. Martinuzzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-31-535-2024
- Enhancing monthly runoff prediction in arid alpine basins of northwestern China by an EMD-PCA-LSTM hybrid model W. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102748
- Multi-site deep learning for groundwater level prediction across global datasets: toward scalable applications under data scarcity A. Nolte et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2025.095
- Bottom-up assessment of climate change vulnerability of a large and complex river basin using emulator models A. John et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.103095
- How to deal w___ missing input data M. Gauch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-6221-2025
- Calibrating a large-domain land/hydrology process model in the age of AI: the SUMMA CAMELS emulator experiments M. Farahani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4515-2025
- A Comprehensive Calibration Framework for the Northwest River Forecast Center G. Walters et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70112
- Transfer learning using the global Caravan dataset for developing a local river streamflow prediction model A. Alzhanov et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106691
- CH-RUN: a deep-learning-based spatially contiguous runoff reconstruction for Switzerland B. Kraft et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1061-2025
- Machine Learning-Based Process Optimization in Biopolymer Manufacturing: A Review I. Malashin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233368
- DeepDiscover: towards autonomous discovery of bucket-type conceptual models – a proof of concept applied to hydrology A. Adombi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135249
- Assessing groundwater level modelling using a 1-D convolutional neural network (CNN): linking model performances to geospatial and time series features M. Gomez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4407-2024
- Future projections of China runoff changes based on CMIP6 and deep learning X. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102998
- When physics gets in the way: an entropy-based evaluation of conceptual constraints in hybrid hydrological models M. Álvarez Chaves et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-629-2026
- Are LSTM and conceptual rainfall-runoff models able to cope with limited training datasets under diverse hydrometeorological conditions? F. Boodoo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-025-02316-z
- Improving annual streamflow estimates using Budyko parameterization driven by catchment attributes H. Tamiru et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2026.100216
- Detecting differentiated services code point values and packet length mismatch in internet protocol packet headers M. A. Aldhahery https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3471
- Exploring a process-aware spatiotemporal graph-based surrogate for integrated urban drainage simulation B. Yin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135350
- Riverine heat waves on the rise, outpacing air heat waves K. Sadayappan & L. Li https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503160122
- Abnormal behavior modeling and intelligent error prevention algorithm in AI load forecasting S. Zhang & Q. Han https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251390977
- Hydrological insights from a comparative evaluation of LSTM and MC-LSTM networks in the Ebro River basin (Spain) I. González-Planet & C. Juez https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102719
- Streamflow Forecasting: A Comparative Analysis of ARIMAX, Rolling Forecasting LSTM Neural Network and Physically Based Models in a Pristine Catchment D. Perazzolo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17152341
- Technical note: An approach for handling multiple temporal frequencies with different input dimensions using a single LSTM cell E. Acuña Espinoza et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1749-2025
- An Enhanced Hybrid LSTM–Linear Regression Framework for 90-Day Rainfall Forecasting in Rainfed Agricultural Regions A. Kunlerd et al. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.15622
- A novel hybrid deep learning model with dynamic parameterization for accurate flood simulation B. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135182
94 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Machine Learning-Based Reconstructions of Historical Daily and Monthly Runoff for the Laurentian Great Lakes R. Gupta et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-026-07000-0
- Bridging training–projection gaps in purely data-driven deep learning for runoff under climate change Y. Cen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135508
- Event-based training data thresholds for BiLSTM versus Xinanjiang models: Insights from the applications of 19 Chinese catchments Y. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2026.103299
- Regional scale simulations of daily suspended sediment concentration at gauged and ungauged rivers using deep learning A. Gupta & D. Feng https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133111
- How much historical data do we need? The role of data recency and training period length in LSTM-based rainfall-runoff modeling Q. Yu & B. Tolson https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135046
- Predicting abnormality-guided multimodal linguistic semantics Arabic image captioning N. Aljojo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mlwa.2025.100706
- Machine learning in stream and river water temperature modeling: a review and metrics for evaluation C. Corona & T. Hogue https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2521-2025
- Characterizing the influence of remotely sensed wetland and lake water storage on discharge using LSTM models M. Vanderhoof et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2025.2593333
- An LSTM network for joint modeling of streamflow and hydropower generation for run-of-river plants T. Roksvåg et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134890
- A hybrid statistical-dynamical forecast of seasonal streamflow for a catchment in the Upper Columbia River basin in Canada T. Swift-LaPointe et al. https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2025.1595898
- Better continental-scale streamflow predictions for Australia: LSTM as a land surface model post-processor and standalone hydrological model A. Shokri et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-757-2026
- Challenges and opportunities of ML and explainable AI in large-sample hydrology L. Slater et al. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0287
- How well do process-based and data-driven hydrological models learn from limited discharge data? M. Staudinger et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5005-2025
- From gauged to ungauged: Large-scale deep learning rainfall-runoff modelling for reliable streamflow estimation in India's diverse basins S. Barbhuiya & V. Gupta https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106696
- Unveiling the limits of deep learning models in hydrological extrapolation tasks S. Baste et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5871-2025
- An explainable physics-aware deep learning framework with improved spatiotemporal dependence matrices and signal decomposition for multi-station uncertainty daily runoff simulation W. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135625
- A python framework for differentiable hydrological modeling and research workflow automation W. Ouyang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106895
- Towards a global spatial machine learning model for seasonal groundwater level predictions in Germany S. Kunz et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3405-2025
- HydroEcoLSTM: A Python package with graphical user interface for hydro-ecological modeling with long short-term memory neural network T. Nguyen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoinf.2025.102994
- Technical note: High Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiencies conceal poor simulations of interannual variance in seasonal regimes S. Ruzzante et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2337-2026
- Application of Artificial Intelligence in Hydrological Modeling for Streamflow Prediction in Ungauged Watersheds: A Review J. Gacu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17182722
- Pooling local climate and donor gauges with deep learning for improved reconstructions of streamflow in ungauged and partially gauged basins S. Wi et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133764
- Monte-Carlo-assisted endo-exo temporal transformer for high-confidence interval forecasting of daily runoff X. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00477-026-03206-1
- A diversity-centric strategy for the selection of spatio-temporal training data for LSTM-based streamflow forecasting E. Snieder & U. Khan https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-785-2025
- Exploring the ability of LSTM-based hydrological models to simulate streamflow time series for flood frequency analysis J. Martel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4951-2025
- An explainable AI approach for interpreting regionally optimized deep neural networks in hydrological prediction F. Hosseini et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133689
- Learning to filter: snow data assimilation using a Long Short-Term Memory network G. Blandini et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-19-4759-2025
- Near-Real-Time Statistical Analysis and Visualization of Streamflow from a Deep-Learning Rainfall-Runoff Model T. Duong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-026-04602-6
- A differentiability-based processes and parameters learning hydrologic model for advancing runoff prediction and process understanding C. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133594
- Time fractional Saint Venant equations reveal the physical basis of hydrograph retardation through model comparison and field data H. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-23061-4
- Knowledge-guided graph machine learning for spatially distributed prediction of daily discharge and nitrogen export dynamics J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2026.125613
- Spatially resolved rainfall streamflow modeling in central Europe M. Vischer et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-5233-2025
- A runoff prediction method for arid regions integrating physics-guided signal extraction and temporally adaptive feature selection Z. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.103034
- Analyzing the generalization capabilities of a hybrid hydrological model for extrapolation to extreme events E. Acuña Espinoza et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1277-2025
- Analysis of Baseline and Novel Boosting Models for Flood-Prone Prediction and Explainability: Case from the Upper Drâa Basin (Morocco) L. Goumghar et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/earth6030069
- Never Train a Deep Learning Model on a Single Well? Revisiting Training Strategies for Groundwater Level Prediction M. Ohmer & T. Liesch https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2373-2026
- A quantum-inspired attention integrated scalar long short-term memory model for accurate and stable groundwater contaminant source inversion L. Zhu & W. Lu https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-025-14972-w
- Distilling hydrological and land-surface model parameters from physio-geographical properties using text-generating AI M. Feigl et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-026-00583-3
- IoT-enabled real-time health monitoring system for adolescent physical rehabilitation J. Yang et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-99838-4
- Evaluating Rainfall-Runoff Generation Mechanisms of Deep Learning Models Using a Process-Based Rainfall-Runoff Model T. Duong et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11269-025-04231-5
- A spatiotemporally differentiated hybrid hydrological modeling strategy with dynamically adaptive runoff generation modes X. Ma et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135480
- Assessment of Potential Surface Runoff in Tulasi Watershed of Kolhapur Using NRSC-CN Method V. Pawar-Patil et al. https://doi.org/10.51847/Rd8ub5wo3G
- Is smart sampling worth it? Impact of training data selection on the performance of LSTMs in streamflow prediction B. Heudorfer & R. Loritz https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2026.119
- A nonstationary stochastic simulator for clustered regional hydroclimatic extremes to characterize compound flood risk A. Nayak et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2024.100189
- Regional vs local LSTM models for short-term streamflow forecasting under operational constraints J. Saavedra-Garrido et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106897
- Local vs regional neural air pollution forecasting models M. Sangiorgio & G. Guariso https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacsc.2025.100298
- HydroGRAF: Hybrid discharge reconstruction and basin-aware streamflow forecasting in the Himalayas A. Gul et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135479
- On the value of a history of hydrology and the establishment of a History of Hydrology Working Group K. Beven et al. https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2025.2452357
- An interpretable machine learning approach for alkalinity reconstruction in the Mediterranean Sea T. Tonelli et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acags.2026.100345
- Deep learning for the probabilistic prediction of semi-continuous hydrological variables – An application to streamflow prediction across CONUS J. Quilty & M. Jahangir https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134986
- A novel hybrid fine-tuning method for supercharging deep learning model development for hydrological prediction M. Jahangir et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106978
- Empowering Regional Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Through Encoder–Decoder Based on Convolutional Neural Networks W. Jiang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17030339
- Fine-tuning long short-term memory models for seamless transition in hydrological modelling: From pre-training to post-application X. Chen et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106350
- Defense and Security Mechanisms in the Internet of Things: A Review S. Szymoniak et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/app15020499
- Riverine heatwaves are an emergent climate change risk A. van Hamel et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44221-025-00541-5
- On generalization, language, interpretability and the future of geo-scientific machine learning H. Gupta https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106834
- Interpretable feature incorporation machine-learning framework for flood magnitude estimation E. Ford et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-2135-2026
- Overview of Modern Technologies for Acquiring and Analysing Acoustic Information Based on AI and IoT S. Szymoniak & Ł. Kuczyński https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126690
- Toward routing river water in land surface models with recurrent neural networks M. Lima et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-3145-2025
- Deep learning for groundwater level simulation in unconfined aquifers across the contiguous United States: Analyzing simulations at multiple lead times and integrating groundwater signatures K. Boo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134949
- Catchment features-based interpretation of performance of the conceptual hydrological and deep learning models using large sample hydrologic data D. Sourya et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.134270
- Artificial intelligence with earth observations provides continuous streamflow data across varying wildfire recurrence and recovery scenarios S. Uddin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2026.106989
- Ensemble learning of catchment-wise optimized LSTMs enhances regional rainfall-runoff modelling − case Study: Basque Country, Spain F. Hosseini et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132269
- Differentiable parameter learning of reservoir operation modules Z. Chen & T. Zhao https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.134915
- A differentiable, physics-based hydrological model and its evaluation for data-limited basins W. Ouyang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2024.132471
- HESS Opinions: Never train a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network on a single basin F. Kratzert et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4187-2024
- Detection and attribution of eco-hydrological alteration based on deep learning-driven gap-filled runoff in a large-scale catchment Z. Dong et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102228
- Assessing the adequacy of traditional hydrological models for climate change impact studies: a case for long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks J. Martel et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2811-2025
- Strategies for incorporating static features into global deep learning models T. Liesch & M. Ohmer https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-1877-2026
- Learning extreme vegetation response to climate drivers with recurrent neural networks F. Martinuzzi et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/npg-31-535-2024
- Enhancing monthly runoff prediction in arid alpine basins of northwestern China by an EMD-PCA-LSTM hybrid model W. Hu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102748
- Multi-site deep learning for groundwater level prediction across global datasets: toward scalable applications under data scarcity A. Nolte et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/hydro.2025.095
- Bottom-up assessment of climate change vulnerability of a large and complex river basin using emulator models A. John et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.103095
- How to deal w___ missing input data M. Gauch et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-6221-2025
- Calibrating a large-domain land/hydrology process model in the age of AI: the SUMMA CAMELS emulator experiments M. Farahani et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-4515-2025
- A Comprehensive Calibration Framework for the Northwest River Forecast Center G. Walters et al. https://doi.org/10.1111/1752-1688.70112
- Transfer learning using the global Caravan dataset for developing a local river streamflow prediction model A. Alzhanov et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106691
- CH-RUN: a deep-learning-based spatially contiguous runoff reconstruction for Switzerland B. Kraft et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1061-2025
- Machine Learning-Based Process Optimization in Biopolymer Manufacturing: A Review I. Malashin et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym16233368
- DeepDiscover: towards autonomous discovery of bucket-type conceptual models – a proof of concept applied to hydrology A. Adombi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135249
- Assessing groundwater level modelling using a 1-D convolutional neural network (CNN): linking model performances to geospatial and time series features M. Gomez et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-4407-2024
- Future projections of China runoff changes based on CMIP6 and deep learning X. Wei et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102998
- When physics gets in the way: an entropy-based evaluation of conceptual constraints in hybrid hydrological models M. Álvarez Chaves et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-629-2026
- Are LSTM and conceptual rainfall-runoff models able to cope with limited training datasets under diverse hydrometeorological conditions? F. Boodoo et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40808-025-02316-z
- Improving annual streamflow estimates using Budyko parameterization driven by catchment attributes H. Tamiru et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydroa.2026.100216
- Detecting differentiated services code point values and packet length mismatch in internet protocol packet headers M. A. Aldhahery https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.3471
- Exploring a process-aware spatiotemporal graph-based surrogate for integrated urban drainage simulation B. Yin et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135350
- Riverine heat waves on the rise, outpacing air heat waves K. Sadayappan & L. Li https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2503160122
- Abnormal behavior modeling and intelligent error prevention algorithm in AI load forecasting S. Zhang & Q. Han https://doi.org/10.1177/18724981251390977
- Hydrological insights from a comparative evaluation of LSTM and MC-LSTM networks in the Ebro River basin (Spain) I. González-Planet & C. Juez https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejrh.2025.102719
- Streamflow Forecasting: A Comparative Analysis of ARIMAX, Rolling Forecasting LSTM Neural Network and Physically Based Models in a Pristine Catchment D. Perazzolo et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w17152341
- Technical note: An approach for handling multiple temporal frequencies with different input dimensions using a single LSTM cell E. Acuña Espinoza et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-1749-2025
- An Enhanced Hybrid LSTM–Linear Regression Framework for 90-Day Rainfall Forecasting in Rainfed Agricultural Regions A. Kunlerd et al. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.15622
- A novel hybrid deep learning model with dynamic parameterization for accurate flood simulation B. Sun et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2026.135182
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 13 Jun 2026
Short summary
Recently, a special type of neural-network architecture became increasingly popular in hydrology literature. However, in most applications, this model was applied as a one-to-one replacement for hydrology models without adapting or rethinking the experimental setup. In this opinion paper, we show how this is almost always a bad decision and how using these kinds of models requires the use of large-sample hydrology data sets.
Recently, a special type of neural-network architecture became increasingly popular in hydrology...
Special issue