Articles | Volume 27, issue 5
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
09 Mar 2023
Research article |
| 09 Mar 2023
| 09 Mar 2023
Assessing specific differential phase (KDP)-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the record- breaking rainfall over Zhengzhou city on 20 July 2021
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Dmitri Moisseev
Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
Yali Luo
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
Liping Liu
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
Zheng Ruan
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
Liman Cui
Henan Meteorological Observatory, Zhengzhou, China
Xinghua Bao
State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China
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Cited
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Observational Analysis of Convective Evolution During a Cloudburst-Type Extreme Precipitation Event in Shanghai Under Weak Vertical Wind Shear R. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land15060960
- The echo extrapolation of dual-polarization doppler radar based on the wind retrieval of radial velocity N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07796-x
- Raindrop Size Distributions in the Zhengzhou Extreme Rainfall Event on 20 July 2021: Temporal–Spatial Variability and Implications for Radar QPE L. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-024-3119-9
- Empirical model for backscattering polarimetric variables in rain at W-band: motivation and implications A. Myagkov et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1621-2025
- Benchmarking KDP in rainfall: a quantitative assessment of estimation algorithms using C-band weather radar observations M. Aldana et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-793-2025
- Improving the Data Consistency Between GPM and Weather Radar with Advection Correction Y. Kuang & H. Li https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050782
- Revisiting Raindrop Axis Ratios Based on 3D Oblate Spheroidal Reconstruction: 2D Video Disdrometer Observations During Tropical Cyclone Passages H. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103281
- Relating extreme precipitation events to atmospheric conditions and driving variables in China Q. Ou et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07143-z
- Performance of ECMWF forecasts for convective events using radar-based and multi-source observations J. Cruz et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.109051
- Quantitative Precipitation Estimation for an observed case of bimodal raindrop size distributions M. Okazaki et al. https://doi.org/10.3178/hrl.25-00036
- A survey of snow growth signatures from tropics to Antarctica using triple-frequency radar observations Q. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1249-2026
- Evaluation of radar-based precipitation estimates during a flood event using rain gauge validation K. Dzwonkowski et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40456-z
- Assessing specific differential phase (KDP)-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the record- breaking rainfall over Zhengzhou city on 20 July 2021 H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023
- Influence of Teleconnection Factors on Extreme Precipitation in Henan Province under Urbanization Y. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183264
- The Kinematic and Microphysical Characteristics of Extremely Heavy Rainfall in Zhengzhou City on 20 July 2021 Observed with Dual-Polarization Radars and Disdrometers B. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245688
- A hybrid algorithm for ship clutter identification in pulse compression polarimetric radar observations S. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4839-2025
- Unraveling High-Resolution Temporal–Spatial Variability of Raindrop Size Distributions in Extreme Rainfall Events With Dual-Polarization Radar Optimal Estimates F. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3588966
- Bridging the polarimetric structure and lightning activity of isolated thunderstorm cells during the cloud life cycle C. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13453-2025
- Contrasting microphysics and environmental drivers of weak and intense convection-induced extreme precipitation: Insights from GPM DPR observations Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108762
19 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Observational Analysis of Convective Evolution During a Cloudburst-Type Extreme Precipitation Event in Shanghai Under Weak Vertical Wind Shear R. Gao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/land15060960
- The echo extrapolation of dual-polarization doppler radar based on the wind retrieval of radial velocity N. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-025-07796-x
- Raindrop Size Distributions in the Zhengzhou Extreme Rainfall Event on 20 July 2021: Temporal–Spatial Variability and Implications for Radar QPE L. Cui et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13351-024-3119-9
- Empirical model for backscattering polarimetric variables in rain at W-band: motivation and implications A. Myagkov et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-1621-2025
- Benchmarking KDP in rainfall: a quantitative assessment of estimation algorithms using C-band weather radar observations M. Aldana et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-793-2025
- Improving the Data Consistency Between GPM and Weather Radar with Advection Correction Y. Kuang & H. Li https://doi.org/10.3390/rs18050782
- Revisiting Raindrop Axis Ratios Based on 3D Oblate Spheroidal Reconstruction: 2D Video Disdrometer Observations During Tropical Cyclone Passages H. Zheng et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL103281
- Relating extreme precipitation events to atmospheric conditions and driving variables in China Q. Ou et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-024-07143-z
- Performance of ECMWF forecasts for convective events using radar-based and multi-source observations J. Cruz et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.109051
- Quantitative Precipitation Estimation for an observed case of bimodal raindrop size distributions M. Okazaki et al. https://doi.org/10.3178/hrl.25-00036
- A survey of snow growth signatures from tropics to Antarctica using triple-frequency radar observations Q. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-26-1249-2026
- Evaluation of radar-based precipitation estimates during a flood event using rain gauge validation K. Dzwonkowski et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-40456-z
- Assessing specific differential phase (KDP)-based quantitative precipitation estimation for the record- breaking rainfall over Zhengzhou city on 20 July 2021 H. Li et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-1033-2023
- Influence of Teleconnection Factors on Extreme Precipitation in Henan Province under Urbanization Y. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/w15183264
- The Kinematic and Microphysical Characteristics of Extremely Heavy Rainfall in Zhengzhou City on 20 July 2021 Observed with Dual-Polarization Radars and Disdrometers B. Wu et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15245688
- A hybrid algorithm for ship clutter identification in pulse compression polarimetric radar observations S. Zhang et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-18-4839-2025
- Unraveling High-Resolution Temporal–Spatial Variability of Raindrop Size Distributions in Extreme Rainfall Events With Dual-Polarization Radar Optimal Estimates F. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2025.3588966
- Bridging the polarimetric structure and lightning activity of isolated thunderstorm cells during the cloud life cycle C. Zhao et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-25-13453-2025
- Contrasting microphysics and environmental drivers of weak and intense convection-induced extreme precipitation: Insights from GPM DPR observations Z. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2026.108762
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 09 Jun 2026
Short summary
A rainfall event that occurred at Zhengzhou on 20 July 2021 caused tremendous loss of life and property. This study compares different KDP estimation methods as well as the resulting QPE outcomes. The results show that the selection of the KDP estimation method has minimal impact on QPE, whereas the inadequate assumption of rain microphysics and unquantified vertical air motion may explain the underestimated 201.9 mm h−1 record.
A rainfall event that occurred at Zhengzhou on 20 July 2021 caused tremendous loss of life and...
