Articles | Volume 26, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4431-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-26-4431-2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Breakdown in precipitation–temperature scaling over India predominantly explained by cloud-driven cooling
Sarosh Alam Ghausi
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Biospheric Theory and Modelling Group, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany
International Max Planck Research School for Global Biogeochemical
Cycles (IMPRS-gBGC), Jena 07745, Germany
Subimal Ghosh
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Bombay 400076, Mumbai, India
Interdisciplinary Programme in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of
Technology Bombay 400076, Mumbai, India
Axel Kleidon
Biospheric Theory and Modelling Group, Max Planck Institute for
Biogeochemistry, Jena 07745, Germany
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Cited
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Extreme precipitation scaling under synoptic air mass regimes O. Obarein & C. Lee https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108647
- A physics informed deep learning framework for rainfall forecasting in diverse climatic regions S. Inam et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00833-z
- Observational evidence of impact of heavy rainfall events on surface energetics and soil variables over a tropical station Tirupati B. Rao & K. Saikranthi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107831
- Radiative controls by clouds and thermodynamics shape surface temperatures and turbulent fluxes over land S. Ghausi et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220400120
- Robust assessment of precipitation-temperature apparent scaling under global climate change Z. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132957
- Warmer temperatures lead to wetter tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic H. Ali et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01363-2
- Spatiotemporal variations of heat events and vulnerability assessment in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration F. Mu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100267
- Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in a changing climate: a review R. Sahastrabuddhe et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.127
- Thermodynamically inconsistent extreme precipitation sensitivities across continents driven by cloud-radiative effects S. Ghausi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55143-8
- Seasonal predictability of winter PM 2.5 pollution severity in India through a strong pollution–extratropical storm connection Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aee4549
- Precipitation Scaling in Extreme Rainfall Events and the Implications for Future Indian Monsoon: Analysis of High‐Resolution Global Climate Model Simulations S. Varghese et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105680
- Changes in physical characteristics of extreme rainfall events during the Indian summer monsoon based on downscaled and bias-corrected CMIP6 models S. Varghese et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87949-x
- Amplified temperature sensitivity of extreme precipitation events following heat stress Z. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00796-x
- Summer Cloud Cover Changes and Its Radiative Effects on Surface Temperature and Precipitation over Central Asia Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17100962
- Understanding variations in downwelling longwave radiation using Brutsaert's equation Y. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-1363-2023
- Evaluating Future Global Wetland Methane Response to Extreme Heat and Precipitation Using a Wetland Methane Model LPJ-wsl W. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17040409
16 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Extreme precipitation scaling under synoptic air mass regimes O. Obarein & C. Lee https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108647
- A physics informed deep learning framework for rainfall forecasting in diverse climatic regions S. Inam et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44163-026-00833-z
- Observational evidence of impact of heavy rainfall events on surface energetics and soil variables over a tropical station Tirupati B. Rao & K. Saikranthi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2024.107831
- Radiative controls by clouds and thermodynamics shape surface temperatures and turbulent fluxes over land S. Ghausi et al. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2220400120
- Robust assessment of precipitation-temperature apparent scaling under global climate change Z. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.132957
- Warmer temperatures lead to wetter tropical cyclones in the North Atlantic H. Ali et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-026-01363-2
- Spatiotemporal variations of heat events and vulnerability assessment in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration F. Mu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cacint.2025.100267
- Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall in a changing climate: a review R. Sahastrabuddhe et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2023.127
- Thermodynamically inconsistent extreme precipitation sensitivities across continents driven by cloud-radiative effects S. Ghausi et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55143-8
- Seasonal predictability of winter PM 2.5 pollution severity in India through a strong pollution–extratropical storm connection Y. Xie et al. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aee4549
- Precipitation Scaling in Extreme Rainfall Events and the Implications for Future Indian Monsoon: Analysis of High‐Resolution Global Climate Model Simulations S. Varghese et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL105680
- Changes in physical characteristics of extreme rainfall events during the Indian summer monsoon based on downscaled and bias-corrected CMIP6 models S. Varghese et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-87949-x
- Amplified temperature sensitivity of extreme precipitation events following heat stress Z. Zhou et al. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00796-x
- Summer Cloud Cover Changes and Its Radiative Effects on Surface Temperature and Precipitation over Central Asia Q. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17100962
- Understanding variations in downwelling longwave radiation using Brutsaert's equation Y. Tian et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-14-1363-2023
- Evaluating Future Global Wetland Methane Response to Extreme Heat and Precipitation Using a Wetland Methane Model LPJ-wsl W. Deng et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17040409
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 18 Oct 2026
Short summary
The observed response of extreme precipitation to global warming remains unclear with significant regional variations. We show that a large part of this uncertainty can be removed when the imprint of clouds in surface temperatures is removed. We used a thermodynamic systems approach to remove the cloud radiative effect from temperatures. We then found that precipitation extremes intensified with global warming at positive rates which is consistent with physical arguments and model simulations.
The observed response of extreme precipitation to global warming remains unclear with...