Articles | Volume 25, issue 8
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4435-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-4435-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Deep learning for automated river-level monitoring through river-camera images: an approach based on water segmentation and transfer learning
Remy Vandaele
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Department of Meteorology, Meteorology Building, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6ET, UK
Department of Computer Sciences, Polly Vacher Building, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DH, UK
Sarah L. Dance
Department of Meteorology, Meteorology Building, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6ET, UK
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Mathematics Building, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AX, UK
Varun Ojha
Department of Computer Sciences, Polly Vacher Building, Whiteknights, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6DH, UK
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55 citations as recorded by crossref.
- A climate-adaptive transfer learning framework for improving soil moisture estimation in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau J. Yang et al.
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- Computer vision in flash flood forecasting: A narrative review of applications, integration pathways, and future directions H. Adikari et al.
- Transfer learning for advancing natural hazard mitigation in civil engineering: a scoping review and future directions Y. Weng et al.
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- Measuring water ponding time, location and connectivity on soil surfaces using time-lapse images and deep learning P. Zamboni et al.
- Robust water level measurement method based on computer vision D. Zhang & J. Tong
- AI image-based method for a robust automatic real-time water level monitoring: a long-term application case X. Blanch et al.
- Intelligent water level measurement based on visual foundation models Z. Wu et al.
- Noncontact Automatic Water-Level Assessment and Prediction in an Urban Water Stream Channel of a Volcanic Island Using Deep Learning F. Mendonça et al.
- A review of video‐based rainfall measurement methods K. Yan et al.
- Response of GNSS vertical displacements to hydrological loading: deformation patterns and terrestrial water storage variations over China’s mainland L. Deng et al.
- Memory-Based Pruning of Deep Neural Networks for IoT Devices Applied to Flood Detection F. Fernandes Junior et al.
- Assimilation of Satellite Flood Likelihood Data Improves Inundation Mapping From a Simulation Library System H. Hooker et al.
- Assessment of a Machine Learning Algorithm Using Web Images for Flood Detection and Water Level Estimates M. Tedesco & J. Radzikowski
- Error-correction across gauged and ungauged locations: A data assimilation-inspired approach to post-processing river discharge forecasts G. Matthews et al.
- Temporary flood marks proposal: What we learned after losing the baroque artifact from Cracow, Poland R. Szczepanek et al.
- Evaluation of deep learning computer vision for water level measurements in rivers W. Liu & W. Huang
- Application of Closed-Circuit Television Image Segmentation for Irrigation Channel Water Level Measurement K. Kim & J. Choi
- Urban Flood Inundation Area Detection using YOLOv8 Model F. Xue et al.
- Deep Learning to Recognize Water Level for Agriculture Reservoir Using CCTV Imagery S. Kwon & S. Lee
- Cascade method for water level measurement based on computer vision D. Zhang & J. Qiu
- Identification of pedestrian submerged parts in urban flooding based on images and deep learning J. Jiang et al.
- Unlocking flow–habitat relationships in mountain rivers of Epirus, Greece using object detection and hydrodynamic simulation C. Papadaki et al.
- Deep transfer learning for groundwater flow in heterogeneous aquifers using a simple analytical model J. Zhang et al.
- Deep learning methods for flood mapping: a review of existing applications and future research directions R. Bentivoglio et al.
- Raspberry Pi Reflector (RPR): A Low‐Cost Water‐Level Monitoring System Based on GNSS Interferometric Reflectometry M. Karegar et al.
- Urban flood extent segmentation and evaluation from real-world surveillance camera images using deep convolutional neural network Y. Wang et al.
- Technical note: A low-cost approach to monitoring relative streamflow dynamics in small headwater streams using time lapse imagery and a deep learning model P. Goodling et al.
- Eye of Horus: a vision-based framework for real-time water level measurement S. Erfani et al.
- Latent data assimilation with non‐explicit observation operator in hydrology K. Wang et al.
- Stochastic properties of coastal flooding events – Part 1: convolutional-neural-network-based semantic segmentation for water detection B. Kang et al.
- Uncertainty-aware transfer across tasks using hybrid model-based successor feature reinforcement learning☆ P. Malekzadeh et al.
- Dynamic Modeling of Water Level Changes Using Image Processing and Machine Learning E. Abdi et al.
- Practical application of time-lapse camera imagery to develop water-level data for three hydrologic monitoring sites in Wisconsin during water year 2020 K. Johnson et al.
- Ensuring reliable water level measurement for flooding: A redundancy-based approach with pressure transducer and computer vision S. Matos et al.
- Assessing Deep Learning Techniques for Remote Gauging and Water Quality Monitoring Using Webcam Images R. Xu & B. Wang
- Calibrated river-level estimation from river cameras using convolutional neural networks R. Vandaele et al.
- Community-scale urban flood monitoring through fusion of time-lapse imagery, terrestrial lidar, and remote sensing data J. Dale et al.
- Predicting Dynamic Riverine Nitrogen Export in Unmonitored Watersheds: Leveraging Insights of AI from Data-Rich Regions R. Xiong et al.
- Advancing river monitoring using image-based techniques: challenges and opportunities S. Manfreda et al.
- Stage and discharge prediction from documentary time-lapse imagery K. Chapman et al.
- Do we need to label large datasets for river water segmentation? Benchmark and stage estimation with minimum to non-labeled image time series P. Zamboni et al.
- A deep learning workflow enhanced with optical flow fields for flood risk estimation C. Ranieri et al.
- A Comparative Performance Analysis of Popular Deep Learning Models and Segment Anything Model (SAM) for River Water Segmentation in Close-Range Remote Sensing Imagery A. Moghimi et al.
- Refraction-based waterlogging depth measurement using solely traffic cameras for transparent flood monitoring J. Qin & P. Shen
- Bringing vision to climate: A hierarchical model for water depth monitoring in headwater streams X. Zhao et al.
- A novel framework for automated water level estimation using CCTV imagery in Yongseong Agricultural Reservoir, South Korea S. Kwon et al.
- Improving heat transfer predictions in heterogeneous riparian zones using transfer learning techniques A. Jin et al.
- Deep Learning-Based Enhancement for Surface Velocity Measurements in Tidal Estuaries W. Huang et al.
- Deep learning for automated trash screen blockage detection using cameras: Actionable information for flood risk management R. Vandaele et al.
- Deep Learning Semantic Segmentation for Water Level Estimation Using Surveillance Camera N. Muhadi et al.
- Development of Deep Intelligence for Automatic River Detection (RivDet) S. Lee et al.
- RivAIr: A custom-designed UAV-based sensor for real-time water area segmentation and surface velocity estimation M. Salandra et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 28 Apr 2026
Short summary
The acquisition of river-level data is a critical task for the understanding of flood events but is often complicated by the difficulty to install and maintain gauges able to provide such information. This study proposes applying deep learning techniques on river-camera images in order to automatically extract the corresponding water levels. This approach could allow for a new flexible way to observe flood events, especially at ungauged locations.
The acquisition of river-level data is a critical task for the understanding of flood events but...