Evaluation of global terrestrial evapotranspiration using state-of-the-art approaches in remote sensing, machine learning and land surface modeling

Pan, Shufen; Pan, Naiqing; Tian, Hanqin; Friedlingstein, Pierre; Sitch, Stephen; Shi, Hao; Arora, Vivek K.; Haverd, Vanessa; Jain, Atul K.; Kato, Etsushi; Lienert, Sebastian; Lombardozzi, Danica; Nabel, Julia E. M. S.; Ottlé, Catherine; Poulter, Benjamin; Zaehle, Sönke; Running, Steven W.

doi:10.5194/hess-24-1485-2020

Articles | Volume 24, issue 3

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1485-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-1485-2020

© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Articles | Volume 24, issue 3

Research article

|

31 Mar 2020

Research article |

| 31 Mar 2020

Evaluation of global terrestrial evapotranspiration using state-of-the-art approaches in remote sensing, machine learning and land surface modeling

Shufen Pan, Naiqing Pan, Hanqin Tian, Pierre Friedlingstein, Stephen Sitch, Hao Shi, Vivek K. Arora, Vanessa Haverd, Atul K. Jain, Etsushi Kato, Sebastian Lienert, Danica Lombardozzi, Julia E. M. S. Nabel, Catherine Ottlé, Benjamin Poulter, Sönke Zaehle, and Steven W. Running

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Total article views: 12,606 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	Supplement	BibTeX	EndNote
9,254	3,223	129	12,606	882	182	241

HTML: 9,254
PDF: 3,223
XML: 129
Total: 12,606
Supplement: 882
BibTeX: 182
EndNote: 241

Views and downloads (calculated since 21 Aug 2019)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Aug 2019	184	79	1	264
Sep 2019	199	37	1	237
Oct 2019	85	12	0	97
Nov 2019	210	26	0	236
Dec 2019	42	26	1	69
Jan 2020	45	32	0	77
Feb 2020	49	14	2	65
Mar 2020	184	62	2	248
Apr 2020	329	162	2	493
May 2020	87	49	1	137
Jun 2020	54	42	2	98
Jul 2020	77	49	2	128
Aug 2020	94	33	2	129
Sep 2020	47	36	0	83
Oct 2020	49	37	2	88
Nov 2020	58	44	1	103
Dec 2020	54	52	1	107
Jan 2021	73	44	1	118
Feb 2021	64	50	0	114
Mar 2021	72	43	0	115
Apr 2021	60	27	0	87
May 2021	52	33	0	85
Jun 2021	78	44	1	123
Jul 2021	76	37	1	114
Aug 2021	75	38	0	113
Sep 2021	56	28	2	86
Oct 2021	69	60	0	129
Nov 2021	83	54	1	138
Dec 2021	72	35	1	108
Jan 2022	95	37	3	135
Feb 2022	116	47	1	164
Mar 2022	109	28	1	138
Apr 2022	102	38	4	144
May 2022	107	32	1	140
Jun 2022	71	31	1	103
Jul 2022	88	32	1	121
Aug 2022	167	30	0	197
Sep 2022	101	32	2	135
Oct 2022	113	39	2	154
Nov 2022	134	44	0	178
Dec 2022	107	36	1	144
Jan 2023	110	62	6	178
Feb 2023	91	30	3	124
Mar 2023	155	48	5	208
Apr 2023	87	36	2	125
May 2023	138	45	2	185
Jun 2023	143	36	0	179
Jul 2023	121	33	3	157
Aug 2023	113	37	6	156
Sep 2023	119	50	1	170
Oct 2023	198	41	4	243
Nov 2023	183	24	0	207
Dec 2023	133	45	1	179
Jan 2024	164	49	1	214
Feb 2024	71	31	0	102
Mar 2024	158	45	1	204
Apr 2024	140	38	2	180
May 2024	155	64	7	226
Jun 2024	182	90	5	277
Jul 2024	134	66	2	202
Aug 2024	163	59	4	226
Sep 2024	182	70	0	252
Oct 2024	159	53	1	213
Nov 2024	165	45	2	212
Dec 2024	169	46	2	217
Jan 2025	205	38	4	247
Feb 2025	165	19	1	185
Mar 2025	202	20	2	224
Apr 2025	176	43	1	220
May 2025	194	33	0	227
Jun 2025	185	34	4	223
Jul 2025	147	41	4	192
Aug 2025	190	36	1	227
Sep 2025	143	37	3	183
Oct 2025	139	51	3	193
Nov 2025	88	17	2	107

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 21 Aug 2019)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Aug 2019	184	79	1	264
Sep 2019	199	37	1	237
Oct 2019	85	12	0	97
Nov 2019	210	26	0	236
Dec 2019	42	26	1	69
Jan 2020	45	32	0	77
Feb 2020	49	14	2	65
Mar 2020	184	62	2	248
Apr 2020	329	162	2	493
May 2020	87	49	1	137
Jun 2020	54	42	2	98
Jul 2020	77	49	2	128
Aug 2020	94	33	2	129
Sep 2020	47	36	0	83
Oct 2020	49	37	2	88
Nov 2020	58	44	1	103
Dec 2020	54	52	1	107
Jan 2021	73	44	1	118
Feb 2021	64	50	0	114
Mar 2021	72	43	0	115
Apr 2021	60	27	0	87
May 2021	52	33	0	85
Jun 2021	78	44	1	123
Jul 2021	76	37	1	114
Aug 2021	75	38	0	113
Sep 2021	56	28	2	86
Oct 2021	69	60	0	129
Nov 2021	83	54	1	138
Dec 2021	72	35	1	108
Jan 2022	95	37	3	135
Feb 2022	116	47	1	164
Mar 2022	109	28	1	138
Apr 2022	102	38	4	144
May 2022	107	32	1	140
Jun 2022	71	31	1	103
Jul 2022	88	32	1	121
Aug 2022	167	30	0	197
Sep 2022	101	32	2	135
Oct 2022	113	39	2	154
Nov 2022	134	44	0	178
Dec 2022	107	36	1	144
Jan 2023	110	62	6	178
Feb 2023	91	30	3	124
Mar 2023	155	48	5	208
Apr 2023	87	36	2	125
May 2023	138	45	2	185
Jun 2023	143	36	0	179
Jul 2023	121	33	3	157
Aug 2023	113	37	6	156
Sep 2023	119	50	1	170
Oct 2023	198	41	4	243
Nov 2023	183	24	0	207
Dec 2023	133	45	1	179
Jan 2024	164	49	1	214
Feb 2024	71	31	0	102
Mar 2024	158	45	1	204
Apr 2024	140	38	2	180
May 2024	155	64	7	226
Jun 2024	182	90	5	277
Jul 2024	134	66	2	202
Aug 2024	163	59	4	226
Sep 2024	182	70	0	252
Oct 2024	159	53	1	213
Nov 2024	165	45	2	212
Dec 2024	169	46	2	217
Jan 2025	205	38	4	247
Feb 2025	165	19	1	185
Mar 2025	202	20	2	224
Apr 2025	176	43	1	220
May 2025	194	33	0	227
Jun 2025	185	34	4	223
Jul 2025	147	41	4	192
Aug 2025	190	36	1	227
Sep 2025	143	37	3	183
Oct 2025	139	51	3	193
Nov 2025	88	17	2	107

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Total article views: 12,606 (including HTML, PDF, and XML) Thereof 11,472 with geography defined and 1,134 with unknown origin.

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1

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Short summary

Evapotranspiration (ET) links global water, carbon and energy cycles. We used 4 remote sensing models, 2 machine-learning algorithms and 14 land surface models to analyze the changes in global terrestrial ET. These three categories of approaches agreed well in terms of ET intensity. For 1982–2011, all models showed that Earth greening enhanced terrestrial ET. The small interannual variability of global terrestrial ET suggests it has a potential planetary boundary of around 600 mm yr^-1.


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