Articles | Volume 23, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-303-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-303-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| Highlight paper
| 
18 Jan 2019
Research article | Highlight paper |
| 18 Jan 2019
| 18 Jan 2019
Quantifying new water fractions and transit time distributions using ensemble hydrograph separation: theory and benchmark tests
Dept. of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zurich, 8092
Zurich, Switzerland
Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
Dept. of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California,
Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Cited
68 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Wetlands and low‐gradient topography are associated with longer hydrologic transit times in Precambrian Shield headwater catchments D. Lane et al. 10.1002/hyp.13609
- Three techniques for flow component identification from daily discharge data in Madjez Ressoul catchment, Algeria A. Dahak & H. Boutaghane 10.1007/s12517-020-05521-5
- Modifying the Jackson index to quantify the relationship between geology, landscape structure, and water transit time in steep wet headwaters C. Gabrielli & J. McDonnell 10.1002/hyp.13700
- Revisiting the Hydrograph Separation Issue Using High-Frequency Chemical Information J. Tunqui Neira et al. 10.1007/s10666-024-09963-z
- Hydrograph separation: an impartial parametrisation for an imperfect method A. Pelletier & V. Andréassian 10.5194/hess-24-1171-2020
- Vertical Connectivity Regulates Water Transit Time and Chemical Weathering at the Hillslope Scale D. Xiao et al. 10.1029/2020WR029207
- Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer J. Kirchner 10.1029/2023GL104147
- Streams as Mirrors: Reading Subsurface Water Chemistry From Stream Chemistry B. Stewart et al. 10.1029/2021WR029931
- Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO<sub>2</sub>-rich recharge H. Wen et al. 10.5194/bg-18-55-2021
- Perceptual perplexity and parameter parsimony K. Beven & N. Chappell 10.1002/wat2.1530
- Sources and mean transit times of stream water in an intermittent river system: the upper Wimmera River, southeast Australia Z. Zhou et al. 10.5194/hess-26-4497-2022
- Isotope hydrology and water sources in a heavily urbanized stream C. Marx et al. 10.1002/hyp.14377
- What is the best time to take stream isotope samples for event-based model calibration? L. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123950
- Estimating surface runoff and groundwater recharge in an urban catchment using a water balance approach R. Weatherl et al. 10.1007/s10040-021-02385-1
- Seasonal snow cover decreases young water fractions in high Alpine catchments N. Ceperley et al. 10.1002/hyp.13937
- Spatial variability in the isotopic composition of water in small catchments and its effect on hydrograph separation D. Penna & H. van Meerveld 10.1002/wat2.1367
- Catchment Travel Times From Composite StorAge Selection Functions Representing the Superposition of Streamflow Generation Processes N. Rodriguez & J. Klaus 10.1029/2019WR024973
- Rapid groundwater decline and some cases of recovery in aquifers globally S. Jasechko et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06879-8
- Seasonal partitioning of precipitation between streamflow and evapotranspiration, inferred from end-member splitting analysis J. Kirchner & S. Allen 10.5194/hess-24-17-2020
- Toward catchment hydro‐biogeochemical theories L. Li et al. 10.1002/wat2.1495
- New water fractions and transit time distributions at Plynlimon, Wales, estimated from stable water isotopes in precipitation and streamflow J. Knapp et al. 10.5194/hess-23-4367-2019
- Technical note: Calculation scripts for ensemble hydrograph separation J. Kirchner & J. Knapp 10.5194/hess-24-5539-2020
- Tracer‐aided modelling reveals quick runoff generation and young streamflow ages in a tropical rainforest catchment L. Mayer‐Anhalt et al. 10.1002/hyp.14508
- On the Balance Equations and Error Estimators for Separating n Time Components of Runoff With One Stable Isotope Tracer S. Hoeg 10.1029/2019WR025555
- The Demographics of Water: A Review of Water Ages in the Critical Zone M. Sprenger et al. 10.1029/2018RG000633
- The Role of Anomalous Transport in Long‐Term, Stream Water Chemistry Variability M. Dentz et al. 10.1029/2023GL104207
- Importance of subsurface water for hydrological response during storms in a post-wildfire bedrock landscape A. Atwood et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-39095-z
- Modeling the Genetic Components of the Water and Chemical Runoff of Heavy Metals in the Basin of the Nizhnekamskoe Reservoir T. Fashchevskaya et al. 10.31857/S0321059623040077
- Snow sampling strategy can bias estimation of meltwater fractions in isotope hydrograph separation K. Noor et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130429
- Where Is the Bottom of a Watershed? L. Condon et al. 10.1029/2019WR026010
- A Joint Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmospheric Modeling Procedure of Water Isotopologues: Implementation and Application to Different Climate Zones With WRF‐Hydro‐Iso J. Arnault et al. 10.1029/2021MS002562
- Impulse Response Functions for Nonlinear, Nonstationary, and Heterogeneous Systems, Estimated by Deconvolution and Demixing of Noisy Time Series J. Kirchner 10.3390/s22093291
- Isotopic evidence for seasonal water sources in tree xylem and forest soils M. Floriancic et al. 10.1002/eco.2641
- On (in)validating environmental models. 2. Implementation of a Turing‐like test to modelling hydrological processes K. Beven et al. 10.1002/hyp.14703
- Investigating young water fractions in a small Mediterranean mountain catchment: Both precipitation forcing and sampling frequency matter F. Gallart et al. 10.1002/hyp.13806
- Characterizing nonlinear, nonstationary, and heterogeneous hydrologic behavior using ensemble rainfall–runoff analysis (ERRA): proof of concept J. Kirchner 10.5194/hess-28-4427-2024
- About right: references in open-access EGU (European Geosciences Union) journals A. Pozzer 10.5194/gc-4-453-2021
- Global Isotope Hydrogeology―Review S. Jasechko 10.1029/2018RG000627
- Strength and Memory of Precipitation's Control Over Streamflow Across the Conterminous United States E. Moges et al. 10.1029/2021WR030186
- Continuous, near-real-time observations of water stable isotope ratios during rainfall and throughfall events B. Herbstritt et al. 10.5194/hess-23-3007-2019
- The variation and controls of mean transit times in Australian headwater catchments I. Cartwright et al. 10.1002/hyp.13862
- Uncertainty in water transit time estimation with StorAge Selection functions and tracer data interpolation A. Borriero et al. 10.5194/hess-27-2989-2023
- Isotopic approach to linking landscape and catchment storage across multiple spatial scales L. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.catena.2023.106967
- Catchment storage and residence time in a periodically irrigated watershed E. Grande et al. 10.1002/hyp.13798
- Multimodal water age distributions and the challenge of complex hydrological landscapes N. Rodriguez et al. 10.1002/hyp.13770
- Modeling the Genetic Components of the Water and Chemical Runoff of Heavy Metals in the Basin of the Nizhnekamskoe Reservoir T. Fashchevskaya et al. 10.1134/S0097807823040073
- Divergent roles of landscape and young streamflow fraction in stream water quality over seven catchments L. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122605
- On the relations between the hydrological dynamical systems of water budget, travel time, response time and tracer concentrations R. Rigon & M. Bancheri 10.1002/hyp.14007
- Global Isotopic Hydrograph Separation Research History and Trends: A Text Mining and Bibliometric Analysis Study Y. Yu et al. 10.3390/w13182529
- River network travel time is correlated with dissolved organic matter composition in rivers of the contiguous United States J. Hosen et al. 10.1002/hyp.14124
- Detecting causal relationship of non-floodplain wetland hydrologic connectivity using convergent cross mapping S. Lee et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-44071-0
- The seasonal origins and ages of water provisioning streams and trees in a tropical montane cloud forest E. Burt et al. 10.5194/hess-27-4173-2023
- Predicting Nutrient Incontinence in the Anthropocene at Watershed Scales R. Frei et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00200
- Event-based analysis of wetland hydrologic response in the Prairie Pothole Region A. Haque et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127237
- Instructive Surprises in the Hydrological Functioning of Landscapes J. Kirchner et al. 10.1146/annurev-earth-071822-100356
- Streamflow partitioning and transit time distribution in snow-dominated basins as a function of climate Z. Fang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.01.029
- Young and new water fractions in soil and hillslope waters M. Floriancic et al. 10.5194/hess-28-4295-2024
- A combined mixing model for high-frequency concentration–discharge relationships J. Tunqui Neira et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125559
- Seasonal variation of transit time distribution and associated hydrological processes in a Moso bamboo watershed under the East Asian monsoon climate J. Gou et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128912
- Rainstorm Magnitude Likely Regulates Event Water Fraction and Its Transit Time in Mesoscale Mountainous Catchments: Implication for Modelling Parameterization J. Lee et al. 10.3390/w12041169
- Transit Time Estimation in Catchments: Recent Developments and Future Directions P. Benettin et al. 10.1029/2022WR033096
- Monthly new water fractions and their relationships with climate and catchment properties across Alpine rivers M. Floriancic et al. 10.5194/hess-28-3675-2024
- Transit Time Distributions Estimation Exploiting Flow‐Weighted Time: Theory and Proof‐of‐Concept M. Kim & P. Troch 10.1029/2020WR027186
- Comparison of two isotopic hydrograph separation methods in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Austria B. Szeles et al. 10.1002/hyp.15222
- Algorithm grwat for Automated Hydrograph Separation by B.I. Kudelin’s Method: Problems and Perspectives E. Rets et al. 10.1134/S0097807822010146
- Transit Times and StorAge Selection Functions in Idealized Hillslopes With Steady Infiltration M. Kim & C. Harman 10.1029/2019WR025917
- Using StorAge Selection (SAS) functions to understand flow paths and age distributions in contrasting karst groundwater systems Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126785
- Sources and mean transit times of intermittent streamflow in semi-arid headwater catchments S. Barua et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127208
68 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Wetlands and low‐gradient topography are associated with longer hydrologic transit times in Precambrian Shield headwater catchments D. Lane et al. 10.1002/hyp.13609
- Three techniques for flow component identification from daily discharge data in Madjez Ressoul catchment, Algeria A. Dahak & H. Boutaghane 10.1007/s12517-020-05521-5
- Modifying the Jackson index to quantify the relationship between geology, landscape structure, and water transit time in steep wet headwaters C. Gabrielli & J. McDonnell 10.1002/hyp.13700
- Revisiting the Hydrograph Separation Issue Using High-Frequency Chemical Information J. Tunqui Neira et al. 10.1007/s10666-024-09963-z
- Hydrograph separation: an impartial parametrisation for an imperfect method A. Pelletier & V. Andréassian 10.5194/hess-24-1171-2020
- Vertical Connectivity Regulates Water Transit Time and Chemical Weathering at the Hillslope Scale D. Xiao et al. 10.1029/2020WR029207
- Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer J. Kirchner 10.1029/2023GL104147
- Streams as Mirrors: Reading Subsurface Water Chemistry From Stream Chemistry B. Stewart et al. 10.1029/2021WR029931
- Deepening roots can enhance carbonate weathering by amplifying CO<sub>2</sub>-rich recharge H. Wen et al. 10.5194/bg-18-55-2021
- Perceptual perplexity and parameter parsimony K. Beven & N. Chappell 10.1002/wat2.1530
- Sources and mean transit times of stream water in an intermittent river system: the upper Wimmera River, southeast Australia Z. Zhou et al. 10.5194/hess-26-4497-2022
- Isotope hydrology and water sources in a heavily urbanized stream C. Marx et al. 10.1002/hyp.14377
- What is the best time to take stream isotope samples for event-based model calibration? L. Wang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.123950
- Estimating surface runoff and groundwater recharge in an urban catchment using a water balance approach R. Weatherl et al. 10.1007/s10040-021-02385-1
- Seasonal snow cover decreases young water fractions in high Alpine catchments N. Ceperley et al. 10.1002/hyp.13937
- Spatial variability in the isotopic composition of water in small catchments and its effect on hydrograph separation D. Penna & H. van Meerveld 10.1002/wat2.1367
- Catchment Travel Times From Composite StorAge Selection Functions Representing the Superposition of Streamflow Generation Processes N. Rodriguez & J. Klaus 10.1029/2019WR024973
- Rapid groundwater decline and some cases of recovery in aquifers globally S. Jasechko et al. 10.1038/s41586-023-06879-8
- Seasonal partitioning of precipitation between streamflow and evapotranspiration, inferred from end-member splitting analysis J. Kirchner & S. Allen 10.5194/hess-24-17-2020
- Toward catchment hydro‐biogeochemical theories L. Li et al. 10.1002/wat2.1495
- New water fractions and transit time distributions at Plynlimon, Wales, estimated from stable water isotopes in precipitation and streamflow J. Knapp et al. 10.5194/hess-23-4367-2019
- Technical note: Calculation scripts for ensemble hydrograph separation J. Kirchner & J. Knapp 10.5194/hess-24-5539-2020
- Tracer‐aided modelling reveals quick runoff generation and young streamflow ages in a tropical rainforest catchment L. Mayer‐Anhalt et al. 10.1002/hyp.14508
- On the Balance Equations and Error Estimators for Separating n Time Components of Runoff With One Stable Isotope Tracer S. Hoeg 10.1029/2019WR025555
- The Demographics of Water: A Review of Water Ages in the Critical Zone M. Sprenger et al. 10.1029/2018RG000633
- The Role of Anomalous Transport in Long‐Term, Stream Water Chemistry Variability M. Dentz et al. 10.1029/2023GL104207
- Importance of subsurface water for hydrological response during storms in a post-wildfire bedrock landscape A. Atwood et al. 10.1038/s41467-023-39095-z
- Modeling the Genetic Components of the Water and Chemical Runoff of Heavy Metals in the Basin of the Nizhnekamskoe Reservoir T. Fashchevskaya et al. 10.31857/S0321059623040077
- Snow sampling strategy can bias estimation of meltwater fractions in isotope hydrograph separation K. Noor et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2023.130429
- Where Is the Bottom of a Watershed? L. Condon et al. 10.1029/2019WR026010
- A Joint Soil‐Vegetation‐Atmospheric Modeling Procedure of Water Isotopologues: Implementation and Application to Different Climate Zones With WRF‐Hydro‐Iso J. Arnault et al. 10.1029/2021MS002562
- Impulse Response Functions for Nonlinear, Nonstationary, and Heterogeneous Systems, Estimated by Deconvolution and Demixing of Noisy Time Series J. Kirchner 10.3390/s22093291
- Isotopic evidence for seasonal water sources in tree xylem and forest soils M. Floriancic et al. 10.1002/eco.2641
- On (in)validating environmental models. 2. Implementation of a Turing‐like test to modelling hydrological processes K. Beven et al. 10.1002/hyp.14703
- Investigating young water fractions in a small Mediterranean mountain catchment: Both precipitation forcing and sampling frequency matter F. Gallart et al. 10.1002/hyp.13806
- Characterizing nonlinear, nonstationary, and heterogeneous hydrologic behavior using ensemble rainfall–runoff analysis (ERRA): proof of concept J. Kirchner 10.5194/hess-28-4427-2024
- About right: references in open-access EGU (European Geosciences Union) journals A. Pozzer 10.5194/gc-4-453-2021
- Global Isotope Hydrogeology―Review S. Jasechko 10.1029/2018RG000627
- Strength and Memory of Precipitation's Control Over Streamflow Across the Conterminous United States E. Moges et al. 10.1029/2021WR030186
- Continuous, near-real-time observations of water stable isotope ratios during rainfall and throughfall events B. Herbstritt et al. 10.5194/hess-23-3007-2019
- The variation and controls of mean transit times in Australian headwater catchments I. Cartwright et al. 10.1002/hyp.13862
- Uncertainty in water transit time estimation with StorAge Selection functions and tracer data interpolation A. Borriero et al. 10.5194/hess-27-2989-2023
- Isotopic approach to linking landscape and catchment storage across multiple spatial scales L. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.catena.2023.106967
- Catchment storage and residence time in a periodically irrigated watershed E. Grande et al. 10.1002/hyp.13798
- Multimodal water age distributions and the challenge of complex hydrological landscapes N. Rodriguez et al. 10.1002/hyp.13770
- Modeling the Genetic Components of the Water and Chemical Runoff of Heavy Metals in the Basin of the Nizhnekamskoe Reservoir T. Fashchevskaya et al. 10.1134/S0097807823040073
- Divergent roles of landscape and young streamflow fraction in stream water quality over seven catchments L. Sun et al. 10.1016/j.watres.2024.122605
- On the relations between the hydrological dynamical systems of water budget, travel time, response time and tracer concentrations R. Rigon & M. Bancheri 10.1002/hyp.14007
- Global Isotopic Hydrograph Separation Research History and Trends: A Text Mining and Bibliometric Analysis Study Y. Yu et al. 10.3390/w13182529
- River network travel time is correlated with dissolved organic matter composition in rivers of the contiguous United States J. Hosen et al. 10.1002/hyp.14124
- Detecting causal relationship of non-floodplain wetland hydrologic connectivity using convergent cross mapping S. Lee et al. 10.1038/s41598-023-44071-0
- The seasonal origins and ages of water provisioning streams and trees in a tropical montane cloud forest E. Burt et al. 10.5194/hess-27-4173-2023
- Predicting Nutrient Incontinence in the Anthropocene at Watershed Scales R. Frei et al. 10.3389/fenvs.2019.00200
- Event-based analysis of wetland hydrologic response in the Prairie Pothole Region A. Haque et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127237
- Instructive Surprises in the Hydrological Functioning of Landscapes J. Kirchner et al. 10.1146/annurev-earth-071822-100356
- Streamflow partitioning and transit time distribution in snow-dominated basins as a function of climate Z. Fang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2019.01.029
- Young and new water fractions in soil and hillslope waters M. Floriancic et al. 10.5194/hess-28-4295-2024
- A combined mixing model for high-frequency concentration–discharge relationships J. Tunqui Neira et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2020.125559
- Seasonal variation of transit time distribution and associated hydrological processes in a Moso bamboo watershed under the East Asian monsoon climate J. Gou et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128912
- Rainstorm Magnitude Likely Regulates Event Water Fraction and Its Transit Time in Mesoscale Mountainous Catchments: Implication for Modelling Parameterization J. Lee et al. 10.3390/w12041169
- Transit Time Estimation in Catchments: Recent Developments and Future Directions P. Benettin et al. 10.1029/2022WR033096
- Monthly new water fractions and their relationships with climate and catchment properties across Alpine rivers M. Floriancic et al. 10.5194/hess-28-3675-2024
- Transit Time Distributions Estimation Exploiting Flow‐Weighted Time: Theory and Proof‐of‐Concept M. Kim & P. Troch 10.1029/2020WR027186
- Comparison of two isotopic hydrograph separation methods in the Hydrological Open Air Laboratory, Austria B. Szeles et al. 10.1002/hyp.15222
- Algorithm grwat for Automated Hydrograph Separation by B.I. Kudelin’s Method: Problems and Perspectives E. Rets et al. 10.1134/S0097807822010146
- Transit Times and StorAge Selection Functions in Idealized Hillslopes With Steady Infiltration M. Kim & C. Harman 10.1029/2019WR025917
- Using StorAge Selection (SAS) functions to understand flow paths and age distributions in contrasting karst groundwater systems Z. Zhang et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.126785
- Sources and mean transit times of intermittent streamflow in semi-arid headwater catchments S. Barua et al. 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2021.127208
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Short summary
How long does it take for raindrops to become streamflow? Here I propose a new approach to this old problem. I show how we can use time series of isotope data to measure the average fraction of same-day rainfall appearing in streamflow, even if this fraction varies greatly from rainstorm to rainstorm. I show that we can quantify how this fraction changes from small rainstorms to big ones, and from high flows to low flows, and how it changes with the lag time between rainfall and streamflow.
How long does it take for raindrops to become streamflow? Here I propose a new approach to this...
