Reimagining the past – use of counterfactual trajectories in socio-hydrological modelling: the case of Chennai, India

Srinivasan, V.

doi:10.5194/hess-19-785-2015

Articles | Volume 19, issue 2

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-785-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Special issue:

Predictions under change: water, earth, and biota in the anthropocene...

https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-785-2015

© Author(s) 2015. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.

Articles | Volume 19, issue 2

Research article

|

05 Feb 2015

Research article |

| 05 Feb 2015

Reimagining the past – use of counterfactual trajectories in socio-hydrological modelling: the case of Chennai, India

V. Srinivasan

Viewed

Total article views: 5,165 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)

HTML	PDF	XML	Total	BibTeX	EndNote
2,948	2,040	177	5,165	166	163

HTML: 2,948
PDF: 2,040
XML: 177
Total: 5,165
BibTeX: 166
EndNote: 163

Views and downloads (calculated since 05 Nov 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2013	86	63	0	149
Dec 2013	13	20	0	33
Jan 2014	9	18	0	27
Feb 2014	14	14	3	31
Mar 2014	13	23	3	39
Apr 2014	14	12	2	28
May 2014	12	9	0	21
Jun 2014	3	9	0	12
Jul 2014	3	6	0	9
Aug 2014	7	11	1	19
Sep 2014	10	10	0	20
Oct 2014	2	13	0	15
Nov 2014	6	10	0	16
Dec 2014	1	11	0	12
Jan 2015	4	3	0	7
Feb 2015	91	59	3	153
Mar 2015	61	24	4	89
Apr 2015	61	23	2	86
May 2015	21	28	2	51
Jun 2015	48	28	2	78
Jul 2015	39	17	1	57
Aug 2015	28	19	1	48
Sep 2015	16	14	11	41
Oct 2015	21	10	16	47
Nov 2015	26	12	1	39
Dec 2015	14	19	1	34
Jan 2016	31	19	1	51
Feb 2016	24	14	3	41
Mar 2016	58	18	0	76
Apr 2016	10	19	0	29
May 2016	11	9	1	21
Jun 2016	7	8	0	15
Jul 2016	13	5	3	21
Aug 2016	11	8	0	19
Sep 2016	8	6	0	14
Oct 2016	14	7	0	21
Nov 2016	15	2	0	17
Dec 2016	5	5	0	10
Jan 2017	18	6	1	25
Feb 2017	21	6	2	29
Mar 2017	27	7	3	37
Apr 2017	32	9	2	43
May 2017	27	4	1	32
Jun 2017	30	5	2	37
Jul 2017	19	7	0	26
Aug 2017	7	9	1	17
Sep 2017	12	9	0	21
Oct 2017	9	11	0	20
Nov 2017	11	9	2	22
Dec 2017	12	13	0	25
Jan 2018	8	11	0	19
Feb 2018	18	7	2	27
Mar 2018	11	12	0	23
Apr 2018	20	6	0	26
May 2018	10	11	1	22
Jun 2018	2	7	1	10
Jul 2018	14	14	0	28
Aug 2018	18	27	0	45
Sep 2018	13	14	0	27
Oct 2018	13	15	0	28
Nov 2018	16	15	2	33
Dec 2018	6	12	2	20
Jan 2019	7	11	0	18
Feb 2019	5	6	0	11
Mar 2019	8	7	0	15
Apr 2019	11	9	0	20
May 2019	14	10	1	25
Jun 2019	8	14	0	22
Jul 2019	11	9	1	21
Aug 2019	10	7	0	17
Sep 2019	11	13	0	24
Oct 2019	22	12	1	35
Nov 2019	20	9	0	29
Dec 2019	15	13	3	31
Jan 2020	12	14	2	28
Feb 2020	20	7	0	27
Mar 2020	18	10	0	28
Apr 2020	25	12	2	39
May 2020	16	9	0	25
Jun 2020	29	8	0	37
Jul 2020	41	26	14	81
Aug 2020	24	14	7	45
Sep 2020	16	9	0	25
Oct 2020	12	10	0	22
Nov 2020	18	11	0	29
Dec 2020	26	8	3	37
Jan 2021	34	17	0	51
Feb 2021	28	9	0	37
Mar 2021	29	13	1	43
Apr 2021	25	14	1	40
May 2021	36	13	0	49
Jun 2021	25	13	0	38
Jul 2021	16	13	0	29
Aug 2021	17	16	0	33
Sep 2021	26	17	0	43
Oct 2021	13	30	1	44
Nov 2021	17	22	0	39
Dec 2021	22	15	0	37
Jan 2022	19	19	1	39
Feb 2022	11	9	2	22
Mar 2022	14	18	0	32
Apr 2022	9	7	1	17
May 2022	26	13	2	41
Jun 2022	12	7	2	21
Jul 2022	17	18	0	35
Aug 2022	20	10	1	31
Sep 2022	16	8	0	24
Oct 2022	24	11	2	37
Nov 2022	34	14	0	48
Dec 2022	22	8	0	30
Jan 2023	39	37	5	81
Feb 2023	27	16	0	43
Mar 2023	18	39	2	59
Apr 2023	11	34	0	45
May 2023	20	16	0	36
Jun 2023	11	13	1	25
Jul 2023	15	24	5	44
Aug 2023	16	11	2	29
Sep 2023	15	10	1	26
Oct 2023	18	14	0	32
Nov 2023	14	5	1	20
Dec 2023	13	11	2	26
Jan 2024	18	16	1	35
Feb 2024	10	16	0	26
Mar 2024	11	21	1	33
Apr 2024	30	12	2	44
May 2024	17	9	3	29
Jun 2024	24	28	1	53
Jul 2024	22	22	2	46
Aug 2024	37	8	0	45
Sep 2024	14	5	0	19
Oct 2024	20	9	0	29
Nov 2024	16	14	0	30
Dec 2024	17	9	1	27
Jan 2025	15	8	1	24
Feb 2025	31	7	0	38
Mar 2025	34	14	1	49
Apr 2025	28	13	1	42
May 2025	25	18	1	44
Jun 2025	61	22	1	84
Jul 2025	42	28	1	71
Aug 2025	32	19	2	53
Sep 2025	54	24	1	79
Oct 2025	29	31	4	64
Nov 2025	29	14	3	46

Cumulative views and downloads (calculated since 05 Nov 2013)

Month	HTML	PDF	XML	Total
Nov 2013	86	63	0	149
Dec 2013	13	20	0	33
Jan 2014	9	18	0	27
Feb 2014	14	14	3	31
Mar 2014	13	23	3	39
Apr 2014	14	12	2	28
May 2014	12	9	0	21
Jun 2014	3	9	0	12
Jul 2014	3	6	0	9
Aug 2014	7	11	1	19
Sep 2014	10	10	0	20
Oct 2014	2	13	0	15
Nov 2014	6	10	0	16
Dec 2014	1	11	0	12
Jan 2015	4	3	0	7
Feb 2015	91	59	3	153
Mar 2015	61	24	4	89
Apr 2015	61	23	2	86
May 2015	21	28	2	51
Jun 2015	48	28	2	78
Jul 2015	39	17	1	57
Aug 2015	28	19	1	48
Sep 2015	16	14	11	41
Oct 2015	21	10	16	47
Nov 2015	26	12	1	39
Dec 2015	14	19	1	34
Jan 2016	31	19	1	51
Feb 2016	24	14	3	41
Mar 2016	58	18	0	76
Apr 2016	10	19	0	29
May 2016	11	9	1	21
Jun 2016	7	8	0	15
Jul 2016	13	5	3	21
Aug 2016	11	8	0	19
Sep 2016	8	6	0	14
Oct 2016	14	7	0	21
Nov 2016	15	2	0	17
Dec 2016	5	5	0	10
Jan 2017	18	6	1	25
Feb 2017	21	6	2	29
Mar 2017	27	7	3	37
Apr 2017	32	9	2	43
May 2017	27	4	1	32
Jun 2017	30	5	2	37
Jul 2017	19	7	0	26
Aug 2017	7	9	1	17
Sep 2017	12	9	0	21
Oct 2017	9	11	0	20
Nov 2017	11	9	2	22
Dec 2017	12	13	0	25
Jan 2018	8	11	0	19
Feb 2018	18	7	2	27
Mar 2018	11	12	0	23
Apr 2018	20	6	0	26
May 2018	10	11	1	22
Jun 2018	2	7	1	10
Jul 2018	14	14	0	28
Aug 2018	18	27	0	45
Sep 2018	13	14	0	27
Oct 2018	13	15	0	28
Nov 2018	16	15	2	33
Dec 2018	6	12	2	20
Jan 2019	7	11	0	18
Feb 2019	5	6	0	11
Mar 2019	8	7	0	15
Apr 2019	11	9	0	20
May 2019	14	10	1	25
Jun 2019	8	14	0	22
Jul 2019	11	9	1	21
Aug 2019	10	7	0	17
Sep 2019	11	13	0	24
Oct 2019	22	12	1	35
Nov 2019	20	9	0	29
Dec 2019	15	13	3	31
Jan 2020	12	14	2	28
Feb 2020	20	7	0	27
Mar 2020	18	10	0	28
Apr 2020	25	12	2	39
May 2020	16	9	0	25
Jun 2020	29	8	0	37
Jul 2020	41	26	14	81
Aug 2020	24	14	7	45
Sep 2020	16	9	0	25
Oct 2020	12	10	0	22
Nov 2020	18	11	0	29
Dec 2020	26	8	3	37
Jan 2021	34	17	0	51
Feb 2021	28	9	0	37
Mar 2021	29	13	1	43
Apr 2021	25	14	1	40
May 2021	36	13	0	49
Jun 2021	25	13	0	38
Jul 2021	16	13	0	29
Aug 2021	17	16	0	33
Sep 2021	26	17	0	43
Oct 2021	13	30	1	44
Nov 2021	17	22	0	39
Dec 2021	22	15	0	37
Jan 2022	19	19	1	39
Feb 2022	11	9	2	22
Mar 2022	14	18	0	32
Apr 2022	9	7	1	17
May 2022	26	13	2	41
Jun 2022	12	7	2	21
Jul 2022	17	18	0	35
Aug 2022	20	10	1	31
Sep 2022	16	8	0	24
Oct 2022	24	11	2	37
Nov 2022	34	14	0	48
Dec 2022	22	8	0	30
Jan 2023	39	37	5	81
Feb 2023	27	16	0	43
Mar 2023	18	39	2	59
Apr 2023	11	34	0	45
May 2023	20	16	0	36
Jun 2023	11	13	1	25
Jul 2023	15	24	5	44
Aug 2023	16	11	2	29
Sep 2023	15	10	1	26
Oct 2023	18	14	0	32
Nov 2023	14	5	1	20
Dec 2023	13	11	2	26
Jan 2024	18	16	1	35
Feb 2024	10	16	0	26
Mar 2024	11	21	1	33
Apr 2024	30	12	2	44
May 2024	17	9	3	29
Jun 2024	24	28	1	53
Jul 2024	22	22	2	46
Aug 2024	37	8	0	45
Sep 2024	14	5	0	19
Oct 2024	20	9	0	29
Nov 2024	16	14	0	30
Dec 2024	17	9	1	27
Jan 2025	15	8	1	24
Feb 2025	31	7	0	38
Mar 2025	34	14	1	49
Apr 2025	28	13	1	42
May 2025	25	18	1	44
Jun 2025	61	22	1	84
Jul 2025	42	28	1	71
Aug 2025	32	19	2	53
Sep 2025	54	24	1	79
Oct 2025	29	31	4	64
Nov 2025	29	14	3	46

Latest update: 24 Nov 2025

Short summary

The paper models the socio-hydrologic system in a developing city -- Chennai, India -- using "counterfactual trajectories" to understand what might have happened if different decisions had been made 50 years ago. A key contribution is the inclusion of two-way feedbacks between the human, engineered, and hydrological systems. Households are allowed to adapt to decisions made by the water utility. This influences how they use water and consequently how much water is available in the aquifer.