Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-553-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-553-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 3
Research article
 | 
02 Feb 2026
Research article |  | 02 Feb 2026

The general formulation for mean annual runoff components estimation and their change attribution

Yufen He, Changming Li, and Hanbo Yang

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Short summary
Our research presents an improved method to enhance the understanding and prediction of water flows in rivers and streams, focusing on key runoff components: surface flow, baseflow, and total runoff. Using a streamlined model, the MPS model, we analyzed over 600 catchments in China and the US, demonstrating its accuracy in capturing the spatial and temporal variability of these components. This model offers a practical tool for water resource management.
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