Articles | Volume 30, issue 14
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-4771-2026
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-4771-2026
Research article
 | 
28 Jul 2026
Research article |  | 28 Jul 2026

Limits to GRACE-based groundwater storage monitoring in a 23 000 km2 coastal basin: evidence from the Lower Kutai Basin, Indonesia

Arifin, Richard G. Taylor, Mohammad Shamsudduha, and Agus M. Ramdhan

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Short summary
We evaluate the limitations of Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite data for estimating groundwater storage changes (ΔGWS) in a small, data-scarce coastal basin in Indonesia, where ocean signal leakage and spatial-scale mismatch present major challenges. On average, only 42% of ΔGWS estimates can be plausibly derived from GRACE, indicating that, without expanded in situ monitoring, ΔGWS estimates in this setting will remain uncertain.
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