Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 30, issue 12
Articles | Volume 30, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3763-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-3763-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 12
Research article
 | 
23 Jun 2026
Research article |  | 23 Jun 2026

Quantification of delayed recharge by soil surface and riverbed infiltration in a deep groundwater depression zone in the North China Plain

Shenghao Xu, Yonggen Zhang, Xinwang Li, Jianzhu Li, Wenhao Shi, Shaowei Lian, Lei Li, Lutz Weihermüller, and Marcel Schaap

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Short summary
The North China Plain, home to over 300 million people, faces groundwater decline from irrigation, creating 80-meter-deep zones threatening supplies. We modeled rain and river infiltration using borehole and weather records to study restoration. Rain recharge averages 446 days, varying nearly 140 times: 10 days in sandy western foothills to 1395 days in clayey central/eastern plains. River recharge is faster at 91 days, suggesting flood basins could accelerate recovery for sustainable farming.
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