Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 29, issue 13
Articles | Volume 29, issue 13
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2851-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-2851-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 29, issue 13
Technical note
 | 
08 Jul 2025
Technical note |  | 08 Jul 2025

Technical note: Streamflow seasonality using directional statistics

Wouter R. Berghuijs, Kate Hale, and Harsh Beria

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Short summary
We present directional statistics to characterize seasonality, capturing the timing of streamflow (center of mass timing) and the strength of its seasonal cycle (concentration). Directional statistics are more robust than several widely used metrics to quantify streamflow seasonality. The introduced metrics can improve our understanding of streamflow seasonality and associated changes and can also be used to study the seasonality of other environmental fluxes within and beyond hydrology.
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