In this study, we assess the effects of climate and water use on streamflow reductions and drought intensification during the last 3 decades in central Chile.  We address this by contrasting streamflow observations with near-natural streamflow simulations. We conclude that while the lack of precipitation dominates streamflow reductions in the megadrought, water uses have not diminished during this time, causing a worsening of the hydrological drought conditions and maladaptation conditions.