Articles | Volume 28, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-241-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-241-2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
17 Jan 2024
Research article |
| 17 Jan 2024
| 17 Jan 2024
Hydroclimatic processes as the primary drivers of the Early Khvalynian transgression of the Caspian Sea: new developments
Alexander Gelfan
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Andrey Panin
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Andrey Kalugin
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Polina Morozova
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Vladimir Semenov
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Alexey Sidorchuk
Faculty of Geography, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Vadim Ukraintsev
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Konstantin Ushakov
Water Problems Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- MORPHOLOGY OF RIVER CHANNELS AND WATER REGIME OF LARGE RIVERS OF THE PLAINS OF NORTHERN EURASIA 14–18 THOUSANDS YEARS AGO A. Sidorchuk et al. https://doi.org/10.71367/3034-4638-2025-4-4-58-98
- Species Diversity, Diagnostic Characters, and Distribution of Tubenose Gobies of the Genus Proterorhinus (Gobiidae): A new Species from the Caspian Sea Basin E. Vasil’eva et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945226600138
- Potential short-stopping of migratory waterbirds in the Caspian region: a climate-driven scenario based on the expanding Volga delta I. Ebrahimi et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-026-10161-9
- Green hydrogen transport across the Caspian Sea: geomorphological constraints and strategic maritime routing K. Bekmyrza et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uncres.2026.100384
- Scientific contribution of G.I. Rychagov to the study of the Caspian Sea and its' basin A. Bredikhin et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924030025
- Hydrological Regime of Rivers in the Periglacial Zone of the East European Plain in the Late MIS 2 A. Sidorchuk et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat7030032
- Tracing the water sources of the Khvalynian post-LGM highstand: A strontium isotope perspective on the largest late Quaternary transgression of the Caspian Sea A. Tkach et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113907
- Materials to the revision of the genus Astragalus section Paracystium (Fabaceae) M. Knyazev & A. Laktionov https://doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2024.55.06
- On the Role of a Random-Walk Mechanism in Holocene Fluctuations of Caspian Sea Level A. Kislov https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-026-03990-5
- О времени проявления эпохи обильного речного стока в бассейне Волги В. Украинцев et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0321059624030015
- Genetic variability of abundant littoral species of mesostigmatic mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) with different distributions from the seashores of Eurasia B. Andrianov et al. https://doi.org/10.24349/wftr-xlsv
- Late Quaternary architecture of the lower Vychegda valley, northern European Russia: Insights into landscape dynamics at the eastern margin of the last Scandinavian ice sheet A. Panin et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70202
- On the Timing of the Epoch of Abundant River Flow in the Volga Basin V. Ukraintsev et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807824700714
- The timing and sedimentary facies of the early Khvalynian stage in the Lower Volga Region (Northern Caspian Lowland) R. Makshaev et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109601
- Water Balance of the Caspian Sea in the Last Glacial Maximum and Pre-Industrial Conditions Based on the Experiments with the INMIO-CICE General Sea Circulation Model P. Morozova et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23603620
- Water budget of the Caspian Sea by numerical experiments with ocean circulation model INMIO-CICE in the last glacial maximum and pre-industrial period P. Morozova et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2686739724040131
- Stratigraphy, chronology and paleogeography of Late Quaternary cryogenesis in Northern Caspian Lowland N. Taratunina et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924030018
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- MORPHOLOGY OF RIVER CHANNELS AND WATER REGIME OF LARGE RIVERS OF THE PLAINS OF NORTHERN EURASIA 14–18 THOUSANDS YEARS AGO A. Sidorchuk et al. https://doi.org/10.71367/3034-4638-2025-4-4-58-98
- Species Diversity, Diagnostic Characters, and Distribution of Tubenose Gobies of the Genus Proterorhinus (Gobiidae): A new Species from the Caspian Sea Basin E. Vasil’eva et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945226600138
- Potential short-stopping of migratory waterbirds in the Caspian region: a climate-driven scenario based on the expanding Volga delta I. Ebrahimi et al. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-026-10161-9
- Green hydrogen transport across the Caspian Sea: geomorphological constraints and strategic maritime routing K. Bekmyrza et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uncres.2026.100384
- Scientific contribution of G.I. Rychagov to the study of the Caspian Sea and its' basin A. Bredikhin et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924030025
- Hydrological Regime of Rivers in the Periglacial Zone of the East European Plain in the Late MIS 2 A. Sidorchuk et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/quat7030032
- Tracing the water sources of the Khvalynian post-LGM highstand: A strontium isotope perspective on the largest late Quaternary transgression of the Caspian Sea A. Tkach et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113907
- Materials to the revision of the genus Astragalus section Paracystium (Fabaceae) M. Knyazev & A. Laktionov https://doi.org/10.31111/novitates/2024.55.06
- On the Role of a Random-Walk Mechanism in Holocene Fluctuations of Caspian Sea Level A. Kislov https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-026-03990-5
- О времени проявления эпохи обильного речного стока в бассейне Волги В. Украинцев et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S0321059624030015
- Genetic variability of abundant littoral species of mesostigmatic mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) with different distributions from the seashores of Eurasia B. Andrianov et al. https://doi.org/10.24349/wftr-xlsv
- Late Quaternary architecture of the lower Vychegda valley, northern European Russia: Insights into landscape dynamics at the eastern margin of the last Scandinavian ice sheet A. Panin et al. https://doi.org/10.1002/esp.70202
- On the Timing of the Epoch of Abundant River Flow in the Volga Basin V. Ukraintsev et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0097807824700714
- The timing and sedimentary facies of the early Khvalynian stage in the Lower Volga Region (Northern Caspian Lowland) R. Makshaev et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109601
- Water Balance of the Caspian Sea in the Last Glacial Maximum and Pre-Industrial Conditions Based on the Experiments with the INMIO-CICE General Sea Circulation Model P. Morozova et al. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1028334X23603620
- Water budget of the Caspian Sea by numerical experiments with ocean circulation model INMIO-CICE in the last glacial maximum and pre-industrial period P. Morozova et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2686739724040131
- Stratigraphy, chronology and paleogeography of Late Quaternary cryogenesis in Northern Caspian Lowland N. Taratunina et al. https://doi.org/10.31857/S2949178924030018
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 06 Jul 2026
Short summary
Paleogeographical data show that 17–13 ka BP, the Caspian Sea level was 80 m above the current level. There are large disagreements on the genesis of this “Great” Khvalynian transgression of the sea, and we tried to shed light on this issue. Using climate and hydrological models as well as the paleo-reconstructions, we proved that the transgression could be initiated solely by hydroclimatic factors within the deglaciation period in the absence of the glacial meltwater effect.
Paleogeographical data show that 17–13 ka BP, the Caspian Sea level was 80 m above the current...
