Articles | Volume 25, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-169-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-25-169-2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
11 Jan 2021
Research article |
| 11 Jan 2021
| 11 Jan 2021
Physical versus economic water footprints in crop production: a spatial and temporal analysis for China
Xi Yang
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
Pengxuan Xie
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Hongrong Huang
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Bianbian Feng
College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Pute Wu
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China
Viewed
Total article views: 4,307 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 30 Apr 2020)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,943 | 1,250 | 114 | 4,307 | 446 | 121 | 159 |
- HTML: 2,943
- PDF: 1,250
- XML: 114
- Total: 4,307
- Supplement: 446
- BibTeX: 121
- EndNote: 159
Total article views: 3,459 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 11 Jan 2021)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2,424 | 944 | 91 | 3,459 | 234 | 91 | 127 |
- HTML: 2,424
- PDF: 944
- XML: 91
- Total: 3,459
- Supplement: 234
- BibTeX: 91
- EndNote: 127
Total article views: 848 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Cumulative views and downloads
(calculated since 30 Apr 2020)
| HTML | XML | Total | Supplement | BibTeX | EndNote | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 519 | 306 | 23 | 848 | 212 | 30 | 32 |
- HTML: 519
- PDF: 306
- XML: 23
- Total: 848
- Supplement: 212
- BibTeX: 30
- EndNote: 32
Viewed (geographical distribution)
Total article views: 4,307 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 4,001 with geography defined
and 306 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 3,459 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 3,249 with geography defined
and 210 with unknown origin.
Total article views: 848 (including HTML, PDF, and XML)
Thereof 752 with geography defined
and 96 with unknown origin.
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Country | # | Views | % |
|---|
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
| Total: | 0 |
| HTML: | 0 |
| PDF: | 0 |
| XML: | 0 |
- 1
1
Cited
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Revealing Climate-Induced Patterns in Crop Yields and the Water-Energy-Food-Carbon Nexus: Insights from the Pearl River Basin C. Ye et al.
- Inputs for staple crop production in China drive burden shifting of water and carbon footprints transgressing part of provincial planetary boundaries B. Feng et al.
- Diversities and sustainability of dietary water footprint and virtual water flows in China C. Yan et al.
- A 21-Year Study of Virtual Water Trade in Ukraine’s Agricultural Sector: Crop Production and Water Use A. Afifi & A. Kim
- Optimal allocation of agricultural water resources in Yanghe watershed considering blue water to green water ratio C. Weng et al.
- Integration of digitalization and green finance for sustainable and resilient manufacturing and service operations in China: an empirical analysis X. Zhou et al.
- Machine learning modeling of water footprint in crop production distinguishing water supply and irrigation method scenarios Z. Li et al.
- Assessing the contribution of China's grain production during 2005–2020 from the perspective of the crop-water-land nexus X. Cao et al.
- Exploring the Regional Coordination Relationship between Water Utilization and Urbanization Based on Decoupling Analysis: A Case Study of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region R. Shen & L. Yao
- Spatial and temporal sensitivity of water footprint assessment in crop production to modelling inputs and parameters Z. Li et al.
- Spatiotemporal dynamics and mitigation potential of carbon emissions of tomato production systems in China X. Wang et al.
- Spatial and temporal evolution of the physical-virtual water cycle and its economic coupling effects in China: A material flow analysis perspective X. Wan et al.
- Assessing variation and driving factors of the county-scale water footprint for soybean production in China J. Zhao et al.
- Resilience assessment of blue and green water resources for staple crop production in China H. Huang et al.
- Volume versus value of crop-related water footprints and virtual water flows: A case study for the Yellow River Basin L. Zhuo et al.
- Multi-dimensional evaluation of water footprint and implication for crop production: A case study in Hetao Irrigation District, China J. Yin et al.
- Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: A case study in the Yellow River Basin Y. Duan et al.
- Optimizing agricultural water-land resource allocation in water-economic-environment cycles considering uncertainties of spatiotemporal water footprints H. Xu et al.
- Changes in climate attributes and harvest area structures jointly determined spatial-temporal variations in water footprint of maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region H. Huai et al.
- High-resolution water footprints of major crops in China from cities to grids J. Zhao et al.
20 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Revealing Climate-Induced Patterns in Crop Yields and the Water-Energy-Food-Carbon Nexus: Insights from the Pearl River Basin C. Ye et al.
- Inputs for staple crop production in China drive burden shifting of water and carbon footprints transgressing part of provincial planetary boundaries B. Feng et al.
- Diversities and sustainability of dietary water footprint and virtual water flows in China C. Yan et al.
- A 21-Year Study of Virtual Water Trade in Ukraine’s Agricultural Sector: Crop Production and Water Use A. Afifi & A. Kim
- Optimal allocation of agricultural water resources in Yanghe watershed considering blue water to green water ratio C. Weng et al.
- Integration of digitalization and green finance for sustainable and resilient manufacturing and service operations in China: an empirical analysis X. Zhou et al.
- Machine learning modeling of water footprint in crop production distinguishing water supply and irrigation method scenarios Z. Li et al.
- Assessing the contribution of China's grain production during 2005–2020 from the perspective of the crop-water-land nexus X. Cao et al.
- Exploring the Regional Coordination Relationship between Water Utilization and Urbanization Based on Decoupling Analysis: A Case Study of the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region R. Shen & L. Yao
- Spatial and temporal sensitivity of water footprint assessment in crop production to modelling inputs and parameters Z. Li et al.
- Spatiotemporal dynamics and mitigation potential of carbon emissions of tomato production systems in China X. Wang et al.
- Spatial and temporal evolution of the physical-virtual water cycle and its economic coupling effects in China: A material flow analysis perspective X. Wan et al.
- Assessing variation and driving factors of the county-scale water footprint for soybean production in China J. Zhao et al.
- Resilience assessment of blue and green water resources for staple crop production in China H. Huang et al.
- Volume versus value of crop-related water footprints and virtual water flows: A case study for the Yellow River Basin L. Zhuo et al.
- Multi-dimensional evaluation of water footprint and implication for crop production: A case study in Hetao Irrigation District, China J. Yin et al.
- Regional blue and green water-saving potential and regulation paths for crop production: A case study in the Yellow River Basin Y. Duan et al.
- Optimizing agricultural water-land resource allocation in water-economic-environment cycles considering uncertainties of spatiotemporal water footprints H. Xu et al.
- Changes in climate attributes and harvest area structures jointly determined spatial-temporal variations in water footprint of maize in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region H. Huai et al.
- High-resolution water footprints of major crops in China from cities to grids J. Zhao et al.
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 30 Apr 2026
Short summary
Maximizing economic benefits with higher water productivity or lower water footprint is the core sustainable goal of agricultural water resources management. Here we look at spatial and temporal variations and developments in both production-based (PWF) and economic value-based (EWF) water footprints of crops, by taking a case study for China. A synergy evaluation index is proposed to further quantitatively evaluate the synergies and trade-offs between PWF and EWF.
Maximizing economic benefits with higher water productivity or lower water footprint is the core...
