Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 24, issue 12
Articles | Volume 24, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-6001-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-6001-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 24, issue 12
Review article
 | 
21 Dec 2020
Review article |  | 21 Dec 2020

Flowing wells: terminology, history and role in the evolution of groundwater science

Xiao-Wei Jiang, John Cherry, and Li Wan

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Short summary
The gushing of water from flowing wells is a natural phenomenon of interest to the public. This review demonstrates that this spectacular phenomenon also instigated the science of groundwater and can be considered a root of groundwater hydrology. Observations of flowing wells not only led to the foundation of many principles of traditional groundwater hydrology but also played a vital role in the paradigm shift from aquitard-bound flow to cross-formational flow driven by topography.
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Special issue
History of hydrology (HESS/HGSS inter-journal SI)