Articles | Volume 24, issue 1
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-489-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Special issue:
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-489-2020
© Author(s) 2020. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
HESS Opinions: The myth of groundwater sustainability in Asia
School of Earth Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
Ganming Liu
School of Earth, Environment and Society, Bowling Green State
University, Bowling Green, OH 43403, USA
Zhongbo Yu
State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic
Engineering, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Cited
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Challenges and opportunities for enhancing groundwater data access and usability in low- and middle-income countries: insights and recommendations from WaSH researchers and practitioners A. Gregory et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.066
- From waste to resilience: the future of wastewater J. Kilbane & L. Prosy https://doi.org/10.1080/29931509.2026.2726086
- Groundwater level forecasting with machine learning models: A review K. Boo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121249
- The precision of satellite-based net irrigation quantification in the Indus and Ganges basins S. Kragh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2463-2023
- Groundwater governance: Integrating HHRA and strategic foresight to mitigate arsenic risk in Central Sindh, Pakistan M. Talib et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2026.103761
- Quantifying the effects of irrigation schedule on groundwater level variability using a linked APSIM-MODFLOW model framework X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109610
- Reducing water productivity gap by optimizing irrigation regime for winter wheat-summer maize system in the North China Plain B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108229
- Estimating Net Irrigation Across the North China Plain Through Dual Modeling of Evapotranspiration J. Koch et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027413
- Deep Drilling for Groundwater in Bengaluru, India: A Case Study on the City’s Over-Exploited Hard-Rock Aquifer System T. Kulkarni et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112149
- Evaluation of long-term spatio-temporal characteristics of water and nitrogen in the vadose zone and potential threats to groundwater under different irrigation strategies J. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139495
- A Review of the Scope of Artisanal and Small‐Scale Mining Worldwide, Poverty, and the Associated Health Impacts F. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000325
- Seed priming with melatonin improves yield and water productivity of winter wheat under limited irrigation at field scale C. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110394
- A Review of Health Issues Related to Child Labor and Violence Within Artisanal and Small‐Scale Mining F. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000326
- Review of Sub-Models in Groundwater System Dynamics Models to Facilitate “Lego-like” Modeling M. Moghadam Manesh & A. Beall King https://doi.org/10.3390/w17172559
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of groundwater level forecasting with machine learning techniques: Current status and future directions J. Uc-Castillo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105788
- Improving parameterization of an evapotranspiration estimation model with eddy covariance measurements for a regional irrigation scheduling program A. Talib et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109967
- HESS Opinions: The unsustainable use of groundwater conceals a “Day Zero” C. Alvarez-Garreton et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1605-2024
17 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Challenges and opportunities for enhancing groundwater data access and usability in low- and middle-income countries: insights and recommendations from WaSH researchers and practitioners A. Gregory et al. https://doi.org/10.2166/washdev.2024.066
- From waste to resilience: the future of wastewater J. Kilbane & L. Prosy https://doi.org/10.1080/29931509.2026.2726086
- Groundwater level forecasting with machine learning models: A review K. Boo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2024.121249
- The precision of satellite-based net irrigation quantification in the Indus and Ganges basins S. Kragh et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-27-2463-2023
- Groundwater governance: Integrating HHRA and strategic foresight to mitigate arsenic risk in Central Sindh, Pakistan M. Talib et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2026.103761
- Quantifying the effects of irrigation schedule on groundwater level variability using a linked APSIM-MODFLOW model framework X. Liu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2025.109610
- Reducing water productivity gap by optimizing irrigation regime for winter wheat-summer maize system in the North China Plain B. Wang et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2023.108229
- Estimating Net Irrigation Across the North China Plain Through Dual Modeling of Evapotranspiration J. Koch et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020WR027413
- Deep Drilling for Groundwater in Bengaluru, India: A Case Study on the City’s Over-Exploited Hard-Rock Aquifer System T. Kulkarni et al. https://doi.org/10.3390/su132112149
- Evaluation of long-term spatio-temporal characteristics of water and nitrogen in the vadose zone and potential threats to groundwater under different irrigation strategies J. Xu et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139495
- A Review of the Scope of Artisanal and Small‐Scale Mining Worldwide, Poverty, and the Associated Health Impacts F. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000325
- Seed priming with melatonin improves yield and water productivity of winter wheat under limited irrigation at field scale C. Dai et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110394
- A Review of Health Issues Related to Child Labor and Violence Within Artisanal and Small‐Scale Mining F. Schwartz et al. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GH000326
- Review of Sub-Models in Groundwater System Dynamics Models to Facilitate “Lego-like” Modeling M. Moghadam Manesh & A. Beall King https://doi.org/10.3390/w17172559
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of groundwater level forecasting with machine learning techniques: Current status and future directions J. Uc-Castillo et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2023.105788
- Improving parameterization of an evapotranspiration estimation model with eddy covariance measurements for a regional irrigation scheduling program A. Talib et al. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109967
- HESS Opinions: The unsustainable use of groundwater conceals a “Day Zero” C. Alvarez-Garreton et al. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-28-1605-2024
Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 25 Oct 2026
Short summary
We are concerned about the sad state of affairs around groundwater in the developing countries of Asia and the obvious implications for sustainability. Groundwater production for irrigated agriculture has led to water-level declines that continue to worsen. Yet in the most populous countries, China, India, Pakistan, and Iran, there are only token efforts towards evidence-based sustainable management. It is unrealistic to expect evidence-based groundwater sustainability to develop any time soon.
We are concerned about the sad state of affairs around groundwater in the developing countries...
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