Articles | Volume 24, issue 7
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3539-2020
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3539-2020
Research article
 | 
15 Jul 2020
Research article |  | 15 Jul 2020

Combining resistivity and frequency domain electromagnetic methods to investigate submarine groundwater discharge in the littoral zone

Marieke Paepen, Daan Hanssens, Philippe De Smedt, Kristine Walraevens, and Thomas Hermans

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Short summary
Fresh groundwater can flow to oceans and seas, possibly adding nutrients and pollutants to coastal ecosystems. For the first time, three complementary (salinity-sensitive) geophysical methods are combined to delineate the outflow in a very dynamic coastal environment. This provides temporal and spatial information on the salt- and freshwater distribution on land, in the intertidal zone, and offshore and visualizes the fresh-groundwater discharge around the low-water line at De Westhoek, Belgium.