Articles | Volume 23, issue 3
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1611-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-1611-2019
© Author(s) 2019. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Research article
| 
19 Mar 2019
Research article |
| 19 Mar 2019
| 19 Mar 2019
Projected decrease in wintertime bearing capacity on different forest and soil types in Finland under a warming climate
Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Ari Venäläinen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Matti Kämäräinen
Finnish Meteorological Institute, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
Antti Asikainen
Natural Resources Institute Finland, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
Juha Laitila
Natural Resources Institute Finland, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
Perttu Anttila
Natural Resources Institute Finland, 80100 Joensuu, Finland
Heli Peltola
School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
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Cited
23 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Agency Field Forester Perceptions of Changing Winter Weather Conditions and Their Impacts on Timber Sale Management During Frozen Ground Conditions in Northern Minnesota M. Kilgore et al. 10.1007/s44392-025-00017-0
- Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) on Dry Mineral Rather than on Deep Peat Soils Is More Dependent on Frozen Conditions in Terms of Wind Damage in the Eastern Baltic Region O. Krišāns et al. 10.3390/plants11091174
- Mitigating the risk of wind damage at the forest landscape level by using stand neighbourhood and terrain elevation information in forest planning R. Ruotsalainen et al. 10.1093/forestry/cpac039
- Perceptions of and adaptation to changing winter weather by logging business owners in northern Minnesota, USA M. Kilgore et al. 10.1080/14942119.2024.2339553
- Tree fall along railway lines: modelling the impact of wind and other meteorological factors R. Lorenz et al. 10.5194/nhess-25-2179-2025
- Impact of wind speed and soil frost on electricity distribution system reliability J. Haakana et al. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40846
- Toward a digital twin of forest roads – road weather stations for monitoring road condition and trafficability in Eastern Finland K. Väätäinen et al. 10.1080/14942119.2025.2533086
- An optimization and discrete event simulation framework for evaluating delivery performance in Swedish wood supply chains under stochastic weather variations K. Westlund et al. 10.1080/14942119.2024.2313417
- Classifying extratropical cyclones and their impact on Finland's electricity grid: insights from 92 damaging windstorms I. Láng-Ritter et al. 10.5194/nhess-25-1697-2025
- The Destructive Static Tree-Pulling Test Provides Reliable Estimates of the Soil–Root Plate of Eastern Baltic Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) O. Krišāns et al. 10.3390/plants11111509
- Forestry climate adaptation with HarvesterSeasons service—a gradient boosting model to forecast soil water index SWI from a comprehensive set of predictors in Destination Earth M. Strahlendorff et al. 10.3389/frsen.2024.1360572
- The 10-Year Return Levels of Maximum Wind Speeds under Frozen and Unfrozen Soil Forest Conditions in Finland M. Laapas et al. 10.3390/cli7050062
- Thermal seasons in northern Europe in projected future climate K. Ruosteenoja et al. 10.1002/joc.6466
- Climate change induces multiple risks to boreal forests and forestry in Finland: A literature review A. Venäläinen et al. 10.1111/gcb.15183
- A multi-objective optimization strategy for timber forwarding in cut-to-length harvesting operations E. Holmström et al. 10.1080/14942119.2022.2149003
- Case beyond historical severity: Winds, faults, outages, and costs for electric grid J. Jasiūnas et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123884
- Integrated harvesting of industrial roundwood and energy wood from clearcutting of a Scots pine-dominated peatland forest J. Laitila et al. 10.1080/14942119.2020.1672462
- Electricity Load Lost in the Largest Windstorms—Is the Fragility-Based Model up to the Task? J. Jasiūnas et al. 10.3390/en16155678
- Evaluating the effect of DEM resolution on performance of cartographic depth-to-water maps, for planning logging operations S. Mohtashami et al. 10.1016/j.jag.2022.102728
- Use of Hydrological Models to Predict Risk for Rutting in Logging Operations S. Mohtashami et al. 10.3390/f13060901
- Comparison of A Cable-Based and a Ground-Based System in Flat and Soil-Sensitive Area: A Case Study from Southern Baden in Germany J. Schweier & C. Ludowicy 10.3390/f11060611
- Timber Provision on Soft Soils in Forests Providing Protection Against Natural Hazards: A Productivity and Cost Analysis Using the Koller 507 in the Horizontal Yarding Direction in Switzerland J. Schweier et al. 10.1007/s11842-022-09526-8
- Effects of using certain tree species in forest regeneration on regional wind damage risks in Finnish boreal forests under different CMIP5 projections V. Ikonen et al. 10.1007/s10342-020-01276-6
21 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Agency Field Forester Perceptions of Changing Winter Weather Conditions and Their Impacts on Timber Sale Management During Frozen Ground Conditions in Northern Minnesota M. Kilgore et al. 10.1007/s44392-025-00017-0
- Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) on Dry Mineral Rather than on Deep Peat Soils Is More Dependent on Frozen Conditions in Terms of Wind Damage in the Eastern Baltic Region O. Krišāns et al. 10.3390/plants11091174
- Mitigating the risk of wind damage at the forest landscape level by using stand neighbourhood and terrain elevation information in forest planning R. Ruotsalainen et al. 10.1093/forestry/cpac039
- Perceptions of and adaptation to changing winter weather by logging business owners in northern Minnesota, USA M. Kilgore et al. 10.1080/14942119.2024.2339553
- Tree fall along railway lines: modelling the impact of wind and other meteorological factors R. Lorenz et al. 10.5194/nhess-25-2179-2025
- Impact of wind speed and soil frost on electricity distribution system reliability J. Haakana et al. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40846
- Toward a digital twin of forest roads – road weather stations for monitoring road condition and trafficability in Eastern Finland K. Väätäinen et al. 10.1080/14942119.2025.2533086
- An optimization and discrete event simulation framework for evaluating delivery performance in Swedish wood supply chains under stochastic weather variations K. Westlund et al. 10.1080/14942119.2024.2313417
- Classifying extratropical cyclones and their impact on Finland's electricity grid: insights from 92 damaging windstorms I. Láng-Ritter et al. 10.5194/nhess-25-1697-2025
- The Destructive Static Tree-Pulling Test Provides Reliable Estimates of the Soil–Root Plate of Eastern Baltic Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) O. Krišāns et al. 10.3390/plants11111509
- Forestry climate adaptation with HarvesterSeasons service—a gradient boosting model to forecast soil water index SWI from a comprehensive set of predictors in Destination Earth M. Strahlendorff et al. 10.3389/frsen.2024.1360572
- The 10-Year Return Levels of Maximum Wind Speeds under Frozen and Unfrozen Soil Forest Conditions in Finland M. Laapas et al. 10.3390/cli7050062
- Thermal seasons in northern Europe in projected future climate K. Ruosteenoja et al. 10.1002/joc.6466
- Climate change induces multiple risks to boreal forests and forestry in Finland: A literature review A. Venäläinen et al. 10.1111/gcb.15183
- A multi-objective optimization strategy for timber forwarding in cut-to-length harvesting operations E. Holmström et al. 10.1080/14942119.2022.2149003
- Case beyond historical severity: Winds, faults, outages, and costs for electric grid J. Jasiūnas et al. 10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.123884
- Integrated harvesting of industrial roundwood and energy wood from clearcutting of a Scots pine-dominated peatland forest J. Laitila et al. 10.1080/14942119.2020.1672462
- Electricity Load Lost in the Largest Windstorms—Is the Fragility-Based Model up to the Task? J. Jasiūnas et al. 10.3390/en16155678
- Evaluating the effect of DEM resolution on performance of cartographic depth-to-water maps, for planning logging operations S. Mohtashami et al. 10.1016/j.jag.2022.102728
- Use of Hydrological Models to Predict Risk for Rutting in Logging Operations S. Mohtashami et al. 10.3390/f13060901
- Comparison of A Cable-Based and a Ground-Based System in Flat and Soil-Sensitive Area: A Case Study from Southern Baden in Germany J. Schweier & C. Ludowicy 10.3390/f11060611
2 citations as recorded by crossref.
- Timber Provision on Soft Soils in Forests Providing Protection Against Natural Hazards: A Productivity and Cost Analysis Using the Koller 507 in the Horizontal Yarding Direction in Switzerland J. Schweier et al. 10.1007/s11842-022-09526-8
- Effects of using certain tree species in forest regeneration on regional wind damage risks in Finnish boreal forests under different CMIP5 projections V. Ikonen et al. 10.1007/s10342-020-01276-6
Latest update: 31 Oct 2025
Short summary
Wintertime bearing capacity on different forest soils with respect to timber harvesting in the projected future climate of Finland was estimated by using a soil temperature model and a wide set of downscaled climate model simulations. The results indicate that, particularly, drained peatlands may virtually lack soil frost over large areas in most of winters during the late 21st century. There is thus a clear need to develop new sustainable and efficient logging practices for peatland forests.
Wintertime bearing capacity on different forest soils with respect to timber harvesting in the...
