Articles | Volume 18, issue 12
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5041-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-5041-2014
© Author(s) 2014. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Accounting for environmental flow requirements in global water assessments
Wageningen University, Earth System Science, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
F. Ludwig
Wageningen University, Earth System Science, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
H. Biemans
Climate Change and Adaptive Land and Water Management Group, Alterra, Wageningen UR, P.O. Box 47, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
H. Hoff
Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research, Telegraphenberg, 14473 Potsdam, Germany
Stockholm Environment Institute, Kräftriket 2b, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
P. Kabat
Wageningen University, Earth System Science, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, 6708 PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schloßplatz 1, 2361 Laxenburg, Austria
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Saved (final revised paper)
Latest update: 10 Jun 2026
Short summary
Freshwater ecosystems encompass the most threatened species on earth. Environmental flow requirements need to be addressed globally to provide sufficient water for humans and nature. We present a comparison of five environmental flow methods validated with locally calculated EFRs. We showed that methods based on monthly average flow such as the variable monthly flow method are more reliable than methods based on annual thresholds. A range of EFRs was calculated for large river basins.
Freshwater ecosystems encompass the most threatened species on earth. Environmental flow...