Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5395-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-30-5395-2026
© Author(s) 2026. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 30, issue 16
Research article
 | 
25 Aug 2026
Research article |  | 25 Aug 2026

Modeling the long-term fate of injected CO2 in saline aquifers: An integrated framework coupling multiphase flow, dissolution, reaction, and ripening

Ruiqi Chen, Wenjie Xu, Yunmin Chen, Qingping Li, Tianyuan Zheng, and Bo Guo

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Cited articles

Bachu, S., Gunter, W. D., and Perkins, E. H.: Aquifer disposal of CO2: hydrodynamic and mineral trapping, Energy Convers. Manage., 35, 269–279, https://doi.org/10.1016/0196-8904(94)90060-4, 1994. 
Bennion, D. B. and Bachu, S.: Drainage and imbibition relative permeability relationships for supercritical CO2/brine and H2S/brine systems in intergranular sandstone, carbonate, shale, and anhydrite rocks, SPE Reserv. Eval. Eng., 11, 487–496, https://doi.org/10.2118/99326-PA, 2008. 
Birkholzer, J. T., Oldenburg, C. M., and Zhou, Q.: CO2 migration and pressure evolution in deep saline aquifers, Int. J. Greenh. Gas Con., 40, 203–220, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2015.03.022, 2015. 
Carrigan, C. R., Yang, X., LaBrecque, D. J., Larsen, D., Freeman, D., Ramirez, A. L., Daily, W., Aines, R., Newmark, R., Friedmann, J., and Hovorka, S.: Electrical resistance tomographic monitoring of CO2 movement in deep geologic reservoirs, Int. J. Greenh. Gas Con., 18, 401–408, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.04.016, 2013. 
Chen, R., Chen, Y., Xu, W., Hu, Y., Zhan, L., Li, J., Zhuang, D., and Li, K.: The influence of the hypergravity field during bubble ripening in porous media, Geophys. Res. Lett., 49, e2021GL097005, https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL097005, 2022. 
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Geological carbon sequestration is a promising strategy to mitigate climate change. We developed an integrated numerical framework that combines injection, dissolution, mixing, reactions, and ripening. Key results indicate that dissolution restricts plume lateral migration and constitutes about 40 % of storage. Geochemical reactions contributes less than 1 % but promotes dissolution and long-term security. Over tens of millennia, ripening redistributes residual CO₂, forming a stable gas cap.
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