Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences
HESS
Articles | Volume 29, issue 23
Articles | Volume 29, issue 23
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-7149-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-29-7149-2025
© Author(s) 2025. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Articles | Volume 29, issue 23
Research article
 | 
12 Dec 2025
Research article |  | 12 Dec 2025

A multiple spatial scales water use simulation for capturing its spatial heterogeneity through cellular automata model

Jiayu Zhang, Dedi Liu, Jiaoyang Wang, Feng Yue, Hanxu Liang, Zhengbo Peng, and Wei Guan

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Water use is often estimated with coarse data that overlook spatial heterogeneity, limiting effective water planning. This study proposes a framework to simulate water use at multiple spatial scales across China, combining a grid-based approach and uncertainty analysis. It finds that both the model structure and spatial scale affect. The framework reveals detailed patterns in water use and can guide smarter water resources management.
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